Financial Feasibility Study of NDC Scheme Based on Comparison of Financial Costs between NDC and FDC Schemes

The establishment of individual accounts is the landmark events for China officially shift from pay-as-you-go pension system to partly funded system. But the process of running personal accounts at the same time also exposed various drawbacks. On the macro level, there is a growing gap between the nominal amount of personal account and the actual accumulated amount, which means the personal account is empty, the personal accounts are being questioned, and the scholars began to seek other solutions. NDC scheme came into being. specific empirical work has been done by using the actuarial model of pension income and expenditure to predict whether NDC is superior to FDC in financial cost by comparing the institutional cost of FDC and NDC from 2015 to 2050. Finally, this paper draws a conclusion that the nominal account system can be used as a choice route for the basic pension system for urban workers in the next 30 years with the assist of relevant supporting measures.

论我国社会养老保险统账结合融资模式的改革与完善

20世纪90年代中期我国开始实施以统账结合为核心的部分积累制社会养老保险融资模式,从实施的效果来看,该模式并未达到预期目的,社会统筹部分面临较大的资金缺口、个人账户出现空账。"NDC+FDC"融资模式是目前较为适合我国人口老龄化趋势和资本市场状况,而社会统筹基金收支平衡的核心在于养老金隐性债务的合理负担促使社会养老保险缴费制度的完善。

人口老龄化与养老金模式关系辨析

从养老金制度资金平衡的角度分析了人口老龄化与传统现收现付制、基金积累制以及名义账户制之间的关系。无论何种养老金模式均会受人口老龄化的影响,应对人口老龄化的能力不取决于养老金模式采用何种筹资模式,而是取决于采用何种给付方式。基金积累制和名义账户制相对于传统现收现付制的优势只是在于采用量入为出的待遇给付原则,可以避免承诺过于慷慨,进而避免因不必要的过度负担而造成的支付危机。此外,在不同养老金模式下,应对人口老龄化可行对策也存在差异。

人口老龄化和养老金融保障体系:一项乐观分析

人口老龄化既会挑战生产率,也会威胁国家养老金融保障体系。本文以乐观的态度看待老龄化,提出了成功解决老龄化的关键因素。然而,将挑战转变成机遇需要转变社会思维和政策方向,如需要认识到人口老龄化和预期寿命增加是迄今为止人类遇到的最大挑战。认清这一问题需要我们重新检查和评估现有的社会制度,从最古老的(如婚姻制度)到最新的(如退休收入计划)社会制度,而仅仅单纯地修改现有的退休收入计划对解决老龄化问题不仅不够而且无用。为了证明这些结论,本文综述了人口老龄化的测量方法并提出了修改建议,分析了人口老龄化的影响,介绍了如何选择合适的养老金融保障体系,并且提出了相关建议。