ENTIRE SOLUTIONS OF HIGHER ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH ENTIRE COEFFICIENTS HAVING THE SAME ORDER

In this paper,we consider entire solutions of higher order homogeneous differential equations with the entire coefficients having the same order,and prove that the entire solutions are of infinite lower order.The properties on the radial distribution,the limit direction of the Julia set and the existence of a Baker wandering domain of the entire solutions are also discussed.

Hermite WENO-based limiters for high order discontinuous Galerkin method on unstructured grids

A novel class of weighted essentially nonoscillatory （WENO） schemes based on Hermite polynomi- als, termed as HWENO schemes, is developed and applied as limiters for high order discontinuous Galerkin （DG） method on triangular grids. The developed HWENO methodology utilizes high-order derivative information to keep WENO re- construction stencils in the von Neumann neighborhood. A simple and efficient technique is also proposed to enhance the smoothness of the existing stencils, making higher-order scheme stable and simplifying the reconstruction process at the same time. The resulting HWENO-based limiters are as compact as the underlying DG schemes and therefore easy to implement. Numerical results for a wide range of flow conditions demonstrate that for DG schemes of up to fourth order of accuracy, the designed HWENO limiters can simul- taneously obtain uniform high order accuracy and sharp, es- sentially non-oscillatory shock transition.

Fractional-order visco-plastic constitutive model for uniaxial ratcheting behaviors

This paper proposes a novel unified visco-plastic constitutive model for uniaxial ratcheting behaviors. The cyclic deformation of the material presents remarkable time-dependence and history memory phenomena. The fractional(fractional-order)derivative is an efficient tool for modeling these phenomena. Therefore, we develop a cyclic fractional-order unified visco-plastic(FVP) constitutive model. Specifically, within the framework of the cyclic elasto-plastic theory, the fractional derivative is used to describe the accumulated plastic strain rate and nonlinear kinematic hardening rule based on the Ohno-Abdel-Karim model. Moreover, a new radial return method for the back stress is developed to describe the unclosed hysteresis loops of the stress-strain properly.The capacity of the FVP model used to predict the cyclic deformation of the SS304 stainless steel is verified through a comparison with the corresponding experimental data found in the literature(KANG, G. Z., KAN, Q. H., ZHANG, J., and SUN, Y. F. Timedependent ratcheting experiments of SS304 stainless steel. International Journal of Plasticity, 22(5), 858–894(2006)). The FVP model is shown to be successful in predicting the rate-dependent ratcheting behaviors of the SS304 stainless steel.

Adiabatic Shear Localization for Steels Based on Johnson-Cook Model and Second-and Fourth-Order Gradient Plasticity Models

To consider the effects of the interactions and interplay among microstructures, gradient-dependent models of second- and fourth-order are included in the widely used phenomenological Johnson-Cook model where the effects of strain-hardening, strain rate sensitivity, and thermal-softening are successfully described. The various parameters for 1006 steel, 4340 steel and S-7 tool steel are assigned. The distributions and evolutions of the local plastic shear strain and deformation in adiabatic shear band （ASB） are predicted. The calculated results of the second- and fourth- order gradient plasticity models are compared. S-7 tool steel possesses the steepest profile of local plastic shear strain in ASB, whereas 1006 steel has the least profile. The peak local plastic shear strain in ASB for S-7 tool steel is slightly higher than that for 4340 steel and is higher than that for 1006 steel. The extent of the nonlinear distribution of the local plastic shear deformation in ASB is more apparent for the S-7 tool steel, whereas it is the least apparent for 1006 steel. In fourth-order gradient plasticity model, the profile of the local plastic shear strain in the middle of ASB has a pronounced plateau whose width decreases with increasing average plastic shear strain, leading to a shrink of the portion of linear distribution of the profile of the local plastic shear deformation. When compared with the sec- ond-order gradient plasticity model, the fourth-order gradient plasticity model shows a lower peak local plastic shear strain in ASB and a higher magnitude of plastic shear deformation at the top or base of ASB, which is due to wider ASB. The present numerical results of the second- and fourth-order gradient plasticity models are consistent with the previous numerical and experimental results at least qualitatively.

NONSMOOTH MODEL FOR PLASTIC LIMIT ANALYSIS AND ITS SMOOTHING ALGORITHM

By means of Lagrange duality of Hill＇s maximum plastic work principle theory of the convex program, a dual problem under Mises＇ yield condition has been derived and whereby a non-differentiable convex optimization model for the limit analysis is developed. With this model, it is not necessary to linearize the yield condition and its discrete form becomes a minimization problem of the sum of Euclidean norms subject to linear constraints. Aimed at resolving the non-differentiability of Euclidean norms, a smoothing algorithm for the limit analysis of perfect-plastic continuum media is proposed. Its efficiency is demonstrated by computing the limit load factor and the collapse state for some plane stress and plain strain problems.

PLASTIC LIMIT ANALYSIS OF INCOMPATIBLE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

This paper describes an incompatible finite element model satisfying the consistency condition of energy to solve the numerical precision problem of finite element solution in perfectly plastic analysis. In this paper the reason and criterion of the application of the model to plastic limit analysis are discussed, and an algorithm of computing plastic limit load is given.

Assessment of a two-surface plasticity model for hexagonal materials

A computationally efficient two-surface plasticity model is assessed against crystal plasticity. Focus is laid on the mechanical behavior of magnesium alloys in the presence of ductility-limiting defects, such as voids. The two surfaces separately account for slip and twinning such that the constitutive formulation captures the evolving plastic anisotropy and evolving tension-compression asymmetry. For model identification, a procedure is proposed whereby the initial guess is based on a combination of experimental data and computationally intensive polycrystal calculations from the literature. In drawing direct comparisons with crystal plasticity, of which the proposed model constitutes a heuristically derived reduced-order model, the available crystal plasticity simulations are grouped in two datasets. A calibration set contains minimal data for both pristine and porous material subjected to one loading path. Then the two-surface model is assessed against a broader set of crystal plasticity simulations for voided unit cells under various stress states and two loading orientations. The assessment also includes microstructure evolution(rate of growth of porosity and void distortion). The ability of the two-surface model to capture essential features of crystal plasticity is analyzed along with an evaluation of computational cost. The prospects of using the model in guiding the development of physically sound damage models in Mg alloys are put forth in the context of high-throughput simulations.

An empirical behavioral order‑driven model with price limit rules

We propose an empirical behavioral order-driven(EBOD)model with price limit rules,which consists of an order placement process and an order cancellation process.All the ingredients of the model are determined based on the empirical microscopic regularities in the order flows of stocks traded on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.The model can reproduce the main stylized facts in real markets.Computational experiments unveil that asymmetric setting of price limits will cause the stock price to diverge exponentially when the up price limit is higher than the down price limit and to vanish vice versa.We also find that asymmetric price limits have little influence on the correlation structure of the return series and the volatility series,but cause remarkable changes in the average returns and the tail exponents of returns.Our EBOD model provides a suitable computational experiment platform for academics,market participants,and policy makers.

PLASTIC LIMIT ANALYSIS OF DISCONTINUOUS LINING UNDERGROUND PRESSURE

Discontinuous lining is a special form of support in underground excavation. Based on the method of plastic limit analysis, it is found the upper and the lower bound solution of the pressure of circular discontinuous lining and discussed support parameter of discontinuous lining and its applicable conditions , which provides theoretical basis for the design and calculation of discontinuous lining.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Express Low Levels of Cardiomyogenic Genes and Show Limited Plasticity towards Cardiomyogenic Phenotype

Mesenchymal stem cell differentiation towards osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages have been extensively described and reproduced in the literature. In contrast, cardiomyogenic differentiation still remains largely controversial. In this study the authors aim to shed new light into this unclear phenomenon and test whether BMMSC （bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells） and ATMSC （adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells） are able to differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes, investigating two differentiation protocols. AT and BMMSC behaved differently when cultured in differentiation media and presented lower levels of proliferation and alkaline phosphatase production, expression of cardiomyocyte-specific transcription factors such as GATA-4, Nkx2-5 and proteins such as ct and 13 Myosin Heavy Chains. Furthermore, MSC started to express higher levels of Connexin-43 and c~ sarcomeric actinin protein. Unfortunately, though, MSC did not present cardiomyocyte-like electrophysiological properties. In order to analyze a possible explanation for such limited plasticity, the authors decided to address the issue using a quantitative approach. Gene expression was quantified by Real time PCR, and, for the first time, the authors show that a possible explanation for limited plasticity of MSC is that even though differentiated cells presented differential gene expression, the levels of key cardiomyogenic genes did not reach expression levels presented by adult cardiomyocytes, nor were maintained along differentiation, reaching peaks at 4 days of stimulation, and decaying thereafter.

Anisotropic plastic deformation behavior of B2-ordered Fe_3Al single crystals at room temperature

The tensile plastic deformation behavior of B2 ordered Fe 3Al single crystals at room temperature was systematically investigated. The results show that the mechanical properties are strongly orientation dependent. The plastic elongation of crystals with orientation near is as high as 42%. Slip trace analysis shows that although slip planes are found to change among {110} , {112} and {123} with the change in orientations, the initial slip planes in all cases are {110}. Five stage work hardening curve including four linear stages and one parabolic stage is obtained; but not all stages are observed in the actual deformation of each crystal. In combination with investigations of dislocation substructure, it is found that deformations in stage Ⅰ～Ⅲ are corresponding to the motion of two fold superdislocations. The higher work hardening rate of stage Ⅱ is mainly due to the stronger interactions between primary dislocations and secondary dislocations than those in stage Ⅲ. Deformation in stage Ⅳ involved is not only the motion of two fold superdislocations but also the slip of dissociated superpartials with APB traps and the formation of APB tube, both of which are attributed to the hardening. Deformation in stage Ⅴ is controlled by the cross slip of dissociated superpartials. The dominated softening effect of cross slip reduces the hardening rate and leads to the formation of parabolic stage.

High Order Finite Difference WENO Methods for Shallow Water Equations on Curvilinear Meshes

A high order finite difference numerical scheme is developed for the shallow water equations on curvilinear meshes based on an alternative flux formulation of the weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)scheme.The exact C-property is investigated,and comparison with the standard finite difference WENO scheme is made.Theoretical derivation and numerical results show that the proposed finite difference WENO scheme can maintain the exact C-property on both stationarily and dynamically generalized coordinate systems.The Harten-Lax-van Leer type flux is developed on general curvilinear meshes in two dimensions and verified on a number of benchmark problems,indicating smaller errors compared with the Lax-Friedrichs solver.In addition,we propose a positivity-preserving limiter on stationary meshes such that the scheme can preserve the non-negativity of the water height without loss of mass conservation.

Six New Sets of the Non-Elementary Jef-Family-Functions that Are Giving Solutions to Some Second-Order Nonlinear Autonomous ODEs

In this paper, we define some new sets of non-elementary functions in a group of solutions x(t) that are sine and cosine to the upper limit of integration in a non-elementary integral that can be arbitrary. We are using Abel’s methods, described by Armitage and Eberlein. The key is to start with a non-elementary integral function, differentiating and inverting, and then define a set of three functions that belong together. Differentiating these functions twice gives second-order nonlinear ODEs that have the defined set of functions as solutions. We will study some of the second-order nonlinear ODEs, especially those that exhibit limit cycles. Using the methods described in this paper, it is possible to define many other sets of non-elementary functions that are giving solutions to some second-order nonlinear autonomous ODEs.

基于Kriging模型与FORM的钢板组合梁桥结构优化设计

考虑材料参数的不确定性以及设计变量多重约束条件的影响,提出了基于可靠性分析的钢板组合梁桥结构优化设计方法。首先,利用拉丁超立方试验设计(Latin hypercube design,LHD)构建试验组合方案,并通过有限元分析获取试验设计组合下的最大挠度响应值。基于获取的训练样本,构建能够表征结构最大挠度值与随机输入之间映射关系的Kriging代理模型。基于建立的代理模型,以钢结构截面积最小化为目标函数,建立符合规范要求与可靠度约束的优化数学模型,并采用一阶可靠性方法(first order reliability method,FORM),实现设计变量优化。通过比较具有相同设计变量上限,但下限分别为初始值的80%和70%两种优化设计方案,评估了两者在相同阈值以及不同阈值下设计变量的优化结果。最后对方案二在阈值为17 mm下的优化结果进行极限状态验算。结果表明:两个优化设计方案在阈值为17 mm下的优化结果更具合理性,并且方案二在同一阈值下具有更高的优化程度。随着阈值增加,优化程度增加,且腹板高度在较大阈值下对结果影响更大,而翼缘宽度在较小阈值下影响更大。

崩岗土壤液塑限的离子特异性效应

为探究崩岗土壤液塑限的离子特异性效应,选取福建省长汀县河田镇一处稳定型崩岗的3个土层土壤(红土层、砂土层和碎屑层)为研究对象,用液塑限联合测定仪对不同离子(Li^(+)、Na^(+)和K^(+))盐溶液交换处理后的土壤液塑限进行分析。结果表明,红土层的土壤塑限、液限和塑性指数均显著高于砂土层和碎屑层(P<0.05)。土壤塑限和液限均与土壤黏粒含量、有机质含量、阳离子交换量以及高岭石含量呈正相关关系,其中,土壤塑限与黏粒含量和阳离子交换量呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。K^(+)交换处理后,红土层土壤塑限、液限和塑性指数比Li^(+)交换处理分别高5.80%、9.53%和12.99%,比Na^(+)交换处理分别高3.50%、9.77%和15.86%;K^(+)交换处理后,砂土层土壤塑限、液限和塑性指数比Li^(+)交换处理分别高7.22%、6.69%和6.83%,比Na^(+)交换处理分别高4.33%、5.27%和7.32%;而不同离子对碎屑层土壤液塑限的影响不显著。不同离子对同一土层土壤液塑限的影响不同,K^(+)交换处理后红土层、砂土层的土壤液塑限总体高于Li^(+)和Na^(+)交换处理,即较Li^(+)和Na^(+)而言,K^(+)可提高崩岗土壤液塑限。

压力容器及容器-管道系统的安定载荷计算方法对比

针对压力容器及容器-管道系统的安定载荷计算,介绍了循环弹塑性分析法、下限安定定理法和双极限载荷法3种求解安定载荷方法的原理和流程。基于这3种方法,具体计算了机械载荷下厚壁圆筒和标准椭圆封头中心接管的安定载荷,以及热载荷下标准椭圆封头中心管系整体模型的安定载荷,并对比分析了3种方法的优缺点。结果表明,循环弹塑性分析法能较准确地反映结构的实际承载能力,但求解复杂、工作量最大;双极限载荷法和下限安定定理法相对于循环弹塑性分析法的最大误差均小于5%,且偏保守,双极限载荷法的计算量最小。综合考虑计算精度和工作量,在工程设计中可采用双极限载荷法;对于计算精度要求较高、周围弹性材料对最大应力点的约束能力较弱的情况,建议采用循环弹塑性分析法。

基于实际触发角响应的连续换相失败抑制方法

针对逆变侧交流故障下高压直流(line commutated converter-high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)输电系统易引发连续换相失败问题,该文分阶段分析了连续换相失败的产生机理。明确了当产生触发角偏差后,直流电流调节效果与实际触发角不匹配是连续换相失败的重要诱因。同时不对称故障后,负序分量通过极控、阀控两级控制系统对实际触发角造成的影响,增加连续换相失败的风险。因此提出了一种基于实际触发角响应的连续换相失败抑制方法,通过实际触发角修正整流侧电流指令值。与此同时,该方法通过陷波器降低负序电流对极控层触发角指令值的影响,通过相序解耦控制器和换相电压相位补偿降低负序电压对阀控层触发角实际值的影响。该方法能实现动态、自适应的电流指令值调整,提升恢复过程中直流电流与实际触发角的匹配度,提升直流系统抵御连续换相失败能力。在CIGRE标准测试模型和实际工程模型中,验证了理论分析的正确性和优化方法的有效性。

有限水深波浪作用下弱惯性塑料块体漂移规律

塑料漂浮垃圾对海洋环境影响巨大,在近岸的传播过程主要受波浪作用。针对塑料漂浮垃圾在近岸的运动特征,以往研究尚不深入。本文采用物理模型实验,对塑料漂浮物在有限水深波浪作用下的漂移规律开展研究,探讨了弱惯性塑料块体水平漂移速度与漂浮物性状以及波陡之间的关系。实验结果表明,塑料块体的漂移量受斯托克斯漂移与欧拉回流的共同影响,与二阶拉格朗日漂移理论吻合良好。在漂浮物尺寸远小于波长的情况下,漂浮物尺寸以及密度的改变对漂移没有显著的影响;漂浮物的漂移量与波陡的平方成正比,根据本文的实验及以往公开发表的实验数据,修正了经验公式,为塑料漂浮物在近岸的传播与预测提供了有益借鉴。

高速铁路铺设CRTS Ⅲ型板式无砟轨道地段的路基冻胀限值

我国冻土地区高速铁路分布广泛,路基冻胀对高速铁路无砟轨道结构损伤影响较为突出,危害行车安全。但是目前尚未建立针对铺设CRTS Ⅲ型板式无砟轨道地段的路基冻胀控制限值。本文基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论和混凝土塑性损伤理论,考虑混凝土结构损伤和车轨相互作用,建立车辆-无砟轨道-冻胀路基静动力分析模型,分析路基冻胀对CRTS Ⅲ型板式无砟轨道结构的损伤和车辆动力性能指标的影响。综合静、动力控制指标,提出一种针对冻胀变形的分级控制限值;分别考虑轨道结构层间离缝和结构损伤、钢轨垂向动位移、乘车舒适性和行车安全性等多项控制指标,将路基冻胀限值划分为5个区域。研究结果表明:路基冻胀作用于轨道板中部时损伤和离缝量出现极值;结构损伤和车辆动力学响应均随波长减小和波峰增大而呈增大趋势,且均对波长的影响更为敏感。可以根据不同分区的冻胀限值保障车辆运营安全,为冻土区无砟轨道养护维修提供参考。

襄阳大厦超限高层结构设计

襄阳大厦结构高度249.6m,地上共58层,塔楼采用框架-核心筒结构体系,存在分段折柱、核心筒单侧收进、高位转换、连梁支承楼盖梁等特点。针对结构设计过程中的重难点,通过合理的计算分析与加强措施,确保与分段折柱相连的水平构件、核心筒墙体、转换构件的安全问题,并采用新型分段式连梁解决楼盖梁支承在连梁上的设计问题。弹性及弹塑性验算结果表明,结构满足预期抗震性能目标,各项结构措施合理可靠,结构设计安全合理。