Manhole cover defect recognition is of significant practical importance as it can accurately identify damaged or missing covers, enabling timely replacement and maintenance. Traditional manhole cover detection techniq...Manhole cover defect recognition is of significant practical importance as it can accurately identify damaged or missing covers, enabling timely replacement and maintenance. Traditional manhole cover detection techniques primarily focus on detecting the presence of covers rather than classifying the types of defects. However, manhole cover defects exhibit small inter-class feature differences and large intra-class feature variations, which makes their recognition challenging. To improve the classification of manhole cover defect types, we propose a Progressive Dual-Branch Feature Fusion Network (PDBFFN). The baseline backbone network adopts a multi-stage hierarchical architecture design using Res-Net50 as the visual feature extractor, from which both local and global information is obtained. Additionally, a Feature Enhancement Module (FEM) and a Fusion Module (FM) are introduced to enhance the network’s ability to learn critical features. Experimental results demonstrate that our model achieves a classification accuracy of 82.6% on a manhole cover defect dataset, outperforming several state-of-the-art fine-grained image classification models.展开更多
Pan-sharpening aims to seek high-resolution multispectral(HRMS) images from paired multispectral images of low resolution(LRMS) and panchromatic(PAN) images, the key to which is how to maximally integrate spatial and ...Pan-sharpening aims to seek high-resolution multispectral(HRMS) images from paired multispectral images of low resolution(LRMS) and panchromatic(PAN) images, the key to which is how to maximally integrate spatial and spectral information from PAN and LRMS images. Following the principle of gradual advance, this paper designs a novel network that contains two main logical functions, i.e., detail enhancement and progressive fusion, to solve the problem. More specifically, the detail enhancement module attempts to produce enhanced MS results with the same spatial sizes as corresponding PAN images, which are of higher quality than directly up-sampling LRMS images.Having a better MS base(enhanced MS) and its PAN, we progressively extract information from the PAN and enhanced MS images, expecting to capture pivotal and complementary information of the two modalities for the purpose of constructing the desired HRMS. Extensive experiments together with ablation studies on widely-used datasets are provided to verify the efficacy of our design, and demonstrate its superiority over other state-of-the-art methods both quantitatively and qualitatively. Our code has been released at https://github.com/JiaYN1/PAPS.展开更多
In the standard fusion reactors, mainly tokamaks, the mechanical gain obtained is below 1. On the other hand, there are colliding beam fusion reactors, for which, the not neutral plasma and the space charge limit the ...In the standard fusion reactors, mainly tokamaks, the mechanical gain obtained is below 1. On the other hand, there are colliding beam fusion reactors, for which, the not neutral plasma and the space charge limit the number of fusions to a very small number. Consequently, the mechanical gain is extremely low. The proposed reactor is also a colliding beam fusion reactor, configured in Stellarator, using directed beams. D+/T+ ions are injected in opposition, with electrons, at high speeds, so as to form a neutral beam. All these particles turn in a magnetic loop in form of figure of “0” (“racetrack”). The plasma is initially non-thermal but, as expected, rapidly becomes thermal, so all states between non-thermal and thermal exist in this reactor. The main advantage of this reactor is that this plasma after having been brought up near to the optimum conditions for fusion (around 68 keV), is then maintained in this state, thanks to low energy non-thermal ions (≤15 keV). So the energetic cost is low and the mechanical gain (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Q</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) is high (</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">>></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1). The goal of this article is to study a different type of fusion reactor, its advantages (no net plasma current inside this reactor, so no disruptive instabilities and consequently a continuous working, a relatively simple way to control the reactor thanks to the particles injectors), and its drawbacks, using a simulator tool. The finding results are valuable for possible future fusion reactors able to generate massive energy in a cleaner and safer way than fission reactors.展开更多
To cope with the market demand dynamically,enterprise needs to obtain the production status of work in process real-timely,but the information of machining progress has feature of uncertainty and can not reflect the s...To cope with the market demand dynamically,enterprise needs to obtain the production status of work in process real-timely,but the information of machining progress has feature of uncertainty and can not reflect the status of production field effectively.In this work,to overcome the ineffectiveness of computer numerical control(CNC) machining progress information extraction and its application restriction in practice because of heterogeneous system of CNC machine,based on information fusion by analyzing multi-sources information,estimating CNC machining status and predicting the machining progress through tracking tool coordinates,a CNC machining progress monitoring method is presented.The multi-sources heterogeneous information includes machining path,real-time spindle power information,manual input data and tool position.On the method of obtaining this multi-sources heterogeneous information,the method which helps explore numerical control(NC) program,monitor spindle power of CNC,collect human-computer interaction(HCI) information,obtain real-time tool coordinates and express the knowledge concerned in this field is analyzed; The decision rule of CNC machining status in the way of fusing multi-sources information in manufacturing process is summarized,as well as the machining progress tracking method in accordance with real-time tool coordinates and machining path is presented.Finally,the method discussed is proved feasible by the verification of machining progress tracking through simulation experiment.The proposed research realizes the effective integration of CNC machining progress information,and enables enterprises an efficient way to share CNC information and configure CNC resources optimally.展开更多
This paper discussed the technique of algal protoplast fusion,including the method of protoplast-induced fusion,the screening and identification of hybrid cells and so on.In this paper,the research progress of protopl...This paper discussed the technique of algal protoplast fusion,including the method of protoplast-induced fusion,the screening and identification of hybrid cells and so on.In this paper,the research progress of protoplast-induced fusion of microalgae was reviewed,and the problems existing in the process of protoplast-induced fusion were discussed in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of algae genetics and breeding.展开更多
Cell-cell fusion is a normal biological process playing essential roles in organ formation and tissue differentiation,repair and regeneration.Through cell fusion somatic cells undergo rapid nuclear reprogramming and e...Cell-cell fusion is a normal biological process playing essential roles in organ formation and tissue differentiation,repair and regeneration.Through cell fusion somatic cells undergo rapid nuclear reprogramming and epigenetic modifications to form hybrid cells with new genetic and phenotypic properties at a rate exceeding that achievable by random mutations.Factors that stimulate cell fusion are inflammation and hypoxia.Fusion of cancer cells with non-neoplastic cells facilitates several malignancy-related cell phenotypes,e.g.,reprogramming of somatic cell into induced pluripotent stem cells and epithelial to mesenchymal transition.There is now considerable in vitro,in vivo and clinical evidence that fusion of cancer cells with motile leucocytes such as macrophages plays a major role in cancer metastasis.Of the many changes in cancer cells after hybridizing with leucocytes,it is notable that hybrids acquire resistance to chemo-and radiation therapy.One phenomenon that has been largely overlooked yet plays a role in these processes is polyploidization.Regardless of the mechanism of polyploid cell formation,it happens in response to genotoxic stresses and enhances a cancer cell’s ability to survive.Here we summarize the recent progress in research of cell fusion and with a focus on an important role for polyploid cells in cancer metastasis.In addition,we discuss the clinical evidence and the importance of cell fusion and polyploidization in solid tumors.展开更多
文摘Manhole cover defect recognition is of significant practical importance as it can accurately identify damaged or missing covers, enabling timely replacement and maintenance. Traditional manhole cover detection techniques primarily focus on detecting the presence of covers rather than classifying the types of defects. However, manhole cover defects exhibit small inter-class feature differences and large intra-class feature variations, which makes their recognition challenging. To improve the classification of manhole cover defect types, we propose a Progressive Dual-Branch Feature Fusion Network (PDBFFN). The baseline backbone network adopts a multi-stage hierarchical architecture design using Res-Net50 as the visual feature extractor, from which both local and global information is obtained. Additionally, a Feature Enhancement Module (FEM) and a Fusion Module (FM) are introduced to enhance the network’s ability to learn critical features. Experimental results demonstrate that our model achieves a classification accuracy of 82.6% on a manhole cover defect dataset, outperforming several state-of-the-art fine-grained image classification models.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62372251)。
文摘Pan-sharpening aims to seek high-resolution multispectral(HRMS) images from paired multispectral images of low resolution(LRMS) and panchromatic(PAN) images, the key to which is how to maximally integrate spatial and spectral information from PAN and LRMS images. Following the principle of gradual advance, this paper designs a novel network that contains two main logical functions, i.e., detail enhancement and progressive fusion, to solve the problem. More specifically, the detail enhancement module attempts to produce enhanced MS results with the same spatial sizes as corresponding PAN images, which are of higher quality than directly up-sampling LRMS images.Having a better MS base(enhanced MS) and its PAN, we progressively extract information from the PAN and enhanced MS images, expecting to capture pivotal and complementary information of the two modalities for the purpose of constructing the desired HRMS. Extensive experiments together with ablation studies on widely-used datasets are provided to verify the efficacy of our design, and demonstrate its superiority over other state-of-the-art methods both quantitatively and qualitatively. Our code has been released at https://github.com/JiaYN1/PAPS.
文摘In the standard fusion reactors, mainly tokamaks, the mechanical gain obtained is below 1. On the other hand, there are colliding beam fusion reactors, for which, the not neutral plasma and the space charge limit the number of fusions to a very small number. Consequently, the mechanical gain is extremely low. The proposed reactor is also a colliding beam fusion reactor, configured in Stellarator, using directed beams. D+/T+ ions are injected in opposition, with electrons, at high speeds, so as to form a neutral beam. All these particles turn in a magnetic loop in form of figure of “0” (“racetrack”). The plasma is initially non-thermal but, as expected, rapidly becomes thermal, so all states between non-thermal and thermal exist in this reactor. The main advantage of this reactor is that this plasma after having been brought up near to the optimum conditions for fusion (around 68 keV), is then maintained in this state, thanks to low energy non-thermal ions (≤15 keV). So the energetic cost is low and the mechanical gain (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Q</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) is high (</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">>></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1). The goal of this article is to study a different type of fusion reactor, its advantages (no net plasma current inside this reactor, so no disruptive instabilities and consequently a continuous working, a relatively simple way to control the reactor thanks to the particles injectors), and its drawbacks, using a simulator tool. The finding results are valuable for possible future fusion reactors able to generate massive energy in a cleaner and safer way than fission reactors.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50775228)Municipality Key Scientific & Technological Program of Chongqing, China (Grant No. CSTC2007AA2013)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant No. CDJXS11111136)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Ministry of Education of China
文摘To cope with the market demand dynamically,enterprise needs to obtain the production status of work in process real-timely,but the information of machining progress has feature of uncertainty and can not reflect the status of production field effectively.In this work,to overcome the ineffectiveness of computer numerical control(CNC) machining progress information extraction and its application restriction in practice because of heterogeneous system of CNC machine,based on information fusion by analyzing multi-sources information,estimating CNC machining status and predicting the machining progress through tracking tool coordinates,a CNC machining progress monitoring method is presented.The multi-sources heterogeneous information includes machining path,real-time spindle power information,manual input data and tool position.On the method of obtaining this multi-sources heterogeneous information,the method which helps explore numerical control(NC) program,monitor spindle power of CNC,collect human-computer interaction(HCI) information,obtain real-time tool coordinates and express the knowledge concerned in this field is analyzed; The decision rule of CNC machining status in the way of fusing multi-sources information in manufacturing process is summarized,as well as the machining progress tracking method in accordance with real-time tool coordinates and machining path is presented.Finally,the method discussed is proved feasible by the verification of machining progress tracking through simulation experiment.The proposed research realizes the effective integration of CNC machining progress information,and enables enterprises an efficient way to share CNC information and configure CNC resources optimally.
文摘This paper discussed the technique of algal protoplast fusion,including the method of protoplast-induced fusion,the screening and identification of hybrid cells and so on.In this paper,the research progress of protoplast-induced fusion of microalgae was reviewed,and the problems existing in the process of protoplast-induced fusion were discussed in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of algae genetics and breeding.
文摘Cell-cell fusion is a normal biological process playing essential roles in organ formation and tissue differentiation,repair and regeneration.Through cell fusion somatic cells undergo rapid nuclear reprogramming and epigenetic modifications to form hybrid cells with new genetic and phenotypic properties at a rate exceeding that achievable by random mutations.Factors that stimulate cell fusion are inflammation and hypoxia.Fusion of cancer cells with non-neoplastic cells facilitates several malignancy-related cell phenotypes,e.g.,reprogramming of somatic cell into induced pluripotent stem cells and epithelial to mesenchymal transition.There is now considerable in vitro,in vivo and clinical evidence that fusion of cancer cells with motile leucocytes such as macrophages plays a major role in cancer metastasis.Of the many changes in cancer cells after hybridizing with leucocytes,it is notable that hybrids acquire resistance to chemo-and radiation therapy.One phenomenon that has been largely overlooked yet plays a role in these processes is polyploidization.Regardless of the mechanism of polyploid cell formation,it happens in response to genotoxic stresses and enhances a cancer cell’s ability to survive.Here we summarize the recent progress in research of cell fusion and with a focus on an important role for polyploid cells in cancer metastasis.In addition,we discuss the clinical evidence and the importance of cell fusion and polyploidization in solid tumors.
