基于形状因子优化的RAPID算法对CFRP通孔损伤的研究

在传统RAPID算法损伤成像中,形状因子β的设定通常是人为取值,其取值不同,成像的效果也不同,往往存在成像结果分散、分辨率较低的问题,因此提出了一种计算β值的新方法。通过ABAQUS有限元仿真,以CFRP层合板的通孔缺陷为检测对象,将形状因子优化后的RAPID算法与RAPID算法的损伤成像结果进行对比分析。结果表明,形状因子优化后的RAPID算法对缺陷定位结果的集中度更高,更能实现损伤位置的可视化。

Effectiveness of Music-Based Therapeutic Intervention on People with Dementia: A Rapid Review

Background: Dementia is a condition with progressive cognitive dysfunction and manifestation of both behavioral and psychosocial symptoms. Non-pharmacological measures such as music therapy are gaining importance since efficacy and safety of people with dementia have been questionable for pharmacological measures. Patient’s response to music is persistent even in the later stage of dementia. Aim: This rapid review aims to identify, analyze, evaluate, and summarize the best available evidence on the effectiveness of music-based therapeutic interventions among people with dementia. Method: CINAHL Cochrane Library, internet websites of rapid review producers, and reference lists were searched to identify articles for inclusion. Two reviewers independently screened the literature search results. Effectiveness, music-based therapeutic intervention, dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, systematic review and systematic review with meta-analysis terms were used to abstract data from included studies. Main Findings: 11 SRs and SRs with meta-analysis were reviewed which revealed positive effect of music therapy on five major outcomes with 9 studies effect on behavioral outcome, 6 studies with positive effect on psychosocial outcome reducing anxiety, 6 with improved cognition, 1 study revealed with improved quality of life and 1 study revealed effect on physiological outcomes. Conclusion: Music therapy has positive effect on treatment of dementia but further studies with larger sample size and specified to single intervention should be conducted to provide generalisable and precise results on this topic.

Evaluation of a Rapid Diagnostic Test, Boson Biotech SARS CoV-2 Ag, for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Gabon

1) Background: Rapid and acurate diagnostic testing for case identification, quarantine, and contact tracing is essential for managing the COVID 19 pandemic. Rapid antigen detection tests are available, however, it is important to evaluate their performances before use. We tested a rapid antigen detection of SARS-CoV-2, based on the immunochromatography (Boson Biotech SARS-CoV-2 Ag Test (Xiamen Boson Biotech Co., Ltd., China)) and the results were compared with the real time reverse transcriptase-Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (Gold standard) results;2) Methods: From November 2021 to December 2021, samples were collected from symptomatic patients and asymptomatic individuals referred for testing in a hospital during the second pandemic wave in Gabon. All these participants attending “CTA Angondjé”, a field hospital set up as part of the management of COVID-19 in Gabon. Two nasopharyngeal swabs were collected in all the patients, one for Ag test and the other for RT-PCR;3) Results: A total of 300 samples were collected from 189 symptomatic and 111 asymptomatic individuals. The sensitivity and specificity of the antigen test were 82.5% [95%CI 73.8 - 89.3] and 97.9 % [95%CI 92.2 - 98.2] respectively, and the diagnostic accuracy was 84.4% (95% CI: 79.8 - 88.3%). The antigen test was more likely to be positive for samples with RT-PCR Ct values ≤ 32, with a sensitivity of 89.8%;4) Conclusions: The Boson Biotech SARS-CoV-2 Ag Test has good sensitivity and can detect SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially among symptomatic individuals with low viral load. This test could be incorporated into efficient testing algorithms as an alternative to PCR to decrease diagnostic delays and curb viral transmission.

Observation of the Effectiveness of Rapid Recovery Nursing on Lung Cancer Surgery Patients and Its Impact on Sleep Quality

Objective: To investigate the nursing effects of rapid recovery care measures on lung cancer surgery patients. Methods: 42 cases of lung cancer surgery patients were divided into control group and study group, with 21 cases in each group. The sleep quality and postoperative recovery indicators were compared between the two groups. Results: The study group showed better results than the control group in terms of PSQI scores, venting time, extubation time, time to getting out of bed, and duration of antibiotic use, with P Conclusion: Rapid recovery nursing has a positive impact on improving sleep quality and promoting postoperative recovery in lung cancer surgery patients.

Nursing Effect of Rapid Rehabilitation Surgery Concept in Laparoscopic Surgery for Extrahepatic Bile Duct Stones

Objective: To explore the application value of rapid rehabilitation concept in patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones under laparoscopy during perioperative period. Methods: 90 patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones treated in our hospital from January 2022 to February 2023 were selected as the research object and randomly divided into the study group and the control group. The control group was given routine care, and the observation group was given rapid surgical rehabilitation care. The postoperative anal exhaust time, first meal time, early activity time, pain time, abdominal drainage tube removal time, hospitalization time and complication rate were compared between the two groups. The independent sample T test was used for the measurement data, and the x2 test was used for the counting data, and the difference was statistically significant (P Results: The postoperative anal exhaust time, first meal time, early activity time, pain time, abdominal drainage tube removal time and hospitalization time in the study group were shorter than those in the control group (all P Conclusion: The concept of rapid rehabilitation can significantly improve the perioperative nursing effect of patients with extrahepatic bile duct stones and accelerate their rehabilitation, which is worth improving and popularizing.

Impact of the Rapid Recovery Concept on Complications and Patient Quality of Life in the Perioperative Nursing of Robot-Assisted Radical Oesophageal Cancer

Aim: This study evaluates the impact of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) nursing on postoperative complications and quality of life in patients undergoing robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE). Methods: A total of 150 patients who underwent RAMIE from January 2020 to January 2022 at our hospital were randomly assigned to either the observation group or the control group, with 75 patients in each. The control group received standard perioperative management and nursing care, while the observation group was treated with ERAS nursing strategies. Interventions continued until discharge, and outcomes such as postoperative complications, quality of life, and nutritional status were compared between the groups. Results: The observation group exhibited a significantly lower incidence of postoperative adverse reactions compared to the control group (P ionally, all dimension scores of the Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), including the total score, were higher in the observation group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS) scores for impaired nutritional status and disease severity, along with the total NRS score, were significantly lower in the observation group compared to the control group (P Conclusion: Implementing ERAS nursing in the perioperative care of patients undergoing RAMIE is associated with reduced postoperative complications and enhanced postoperative quality of life and nutritional status. .

Multiplex Rapid Test with Acceptable Diagnosis Performance as a Solution to Increase Diagnosis of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Pregnant Women in an Area of High Prevalence of Both Hepatitis Viruses Associated with HIV

Background and Objective: HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are very widespread in the world, however, less than 20% of the people affected are diagnosed and treated. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HIV, HCV and HBV co-infections in pregnant women at Bangui Community University Hospital and the cost of screening. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving consenting pregnant women who came for antenatal care was performed. HIV, HCV antibodies and HBV antigens were detected using Exacto Triplex? HIV/HCV/HBsAg rapid test, cross-validated by ELISA tests. Sociodemographic and professional data, the modes of transmission and prevention of HIV and both hepatitis viruses were collected in a standard sheet and analyzed using the Epi-Info software version 7. Results: Pregnant women aged 15 to 24 were the most affected (45.3%);high school girls (46.0%), and pregnant women living in cohabitation (65.3%) were the most represented. Twenty-five (16.7%) worked in the formal sector, 12.7% were unemployed housewives and the remainder in the informal sector. The prevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV viruses was 11.8%, 21.9% and 22.2%, respectively. The prevalence of co-infections was 8.6% for HIV-HBV, 10.2% for HIV-HCV, 14.7% for HBV-HCV and 6.5% for HIV-HBV-HCV. All positive results and 10% of negative results by the rapid test were confirmed by ELISA tests. The serology of the three viruses costs 39,000 FCFA (60 Euros) by ELISA compared to 10,000 FCFA (15.00 Euros) with Exacto Triplex? HIV/HCV/AgHBs (BioSynex, Strasbourg, France). Conclusion: The low level of education and awareness of hepatitis are barriers to development and indicate the importance of improving the literacy rate of women in the Central African Republic (CAR). Likewise, the high prevalence of the three viruses shows the need for the urgent establishment of a national program to combat viral hepatitis in the CAR.

Rapid Prototype Development Approach for Genetic Programming

Genetic Programming (GP) is an important approach to deal with complex problem analysis and modeling, and has been applied in a wide range of areas. The development of GP involves various aspects, including design of genetic operators, evolutionary controls and implementations of heuristic strategy, evaluations and other mechanisms. When designing genetic operators, it is necessary to consider the possible limitations of encoding methods of individuals. And when selecting evolutionary control strategies, it is also necessary to balance search efficiency and diversity based on representation characteristics as well as the problem itself. More importantly, all of these matters, among others, have to be implemented through tedious coding work. Therefore, GP development is both complex and time-consuming. To overcome some of these difficulties that hinder the enhancement of GP development efficiency, we explore the feasibility of mutual assistance among GP variants, and then propose a rapid GP prototyping development method based on πGrammatical Evolution (πGE). It is demonstrated through regression analysis experiments that not only is this method beneficial for the GP developers to get rid of some tedious implementations, but also enables them to concentrate on the essence of the referred problem, such as individual representation, decoding means and evaluation. Additionally, it provides new insights into the roles of individual delineations in phenotypes and semantic research of individuals.

基于RT-RAPID和CRISPR-Cas12a的诺如病毒GⅡ.6亚型核酸检测方法的建立

为建立一种特异性强、灵敏度高且简单方便的诺如病毒GⅡ.6核酸快速检测方法,下载诺如病毒GⅡ.6基因组序列,用Mega7.0对基因组进行比对分析获得高度保守序列;基于保守序列设计诺如病毒GⅡ.6的反转录重组酶和聚合酶等温检测(RT-RAPID)技术扩增引物、荧光探针、crRNA和报告分子;优化RT-RAPID的反应引物、反应温度和反应时间及Cas12a检测用的crRNA,并分析RT-RAPID-Cas12a方法的特异性和灵敏度。基于RT-RAPID荧光法和RT-RAPID-Cas12a荧光法的诺如病毒GⅡ.6亚型核酸快速检测方法能在1 h内完成检测并得出结果,灵敏度分别为10 copies/μL和0.5 copies/μL,且两个方法均与诺如病毒GⅡ.17型、鼻病毒、偏肺病毒和博卡病毒无交叉反应。2个检测方法与RT-qPCR阳性样本一致率均为90%,阴性样本一致率均为100%。论文建立的基于RT-RAPID和Cas12a的诺如病毒GⅡ.6核酸快速检测方法均可高效快速地检测出诺如病毒GⅡ.6,具有灵敏度高、特异性强、操作便捷且快速等特点。

Rapid软件、CT血管造影和数字减影血管造影对侧支循环评估价值对比

目的探讨Rapid软件、CT血管造影(CTA)和数字减影血管造影(DSA)对侧支循环评估的一致性。方法选择2020年1月至2022年4月重庆医科大学附属永川医院收治的单侧大脑中动脉狭窄的患者75例,患者发病后接受CTA、CTP和DSA检查,由Rapid软件自动计算评估侧支循环,CTA和DSA侧支循环血流评分分别由2名医师双盲评估,以DSA评分为金标准,判断CTA及Rapid软件评估的准确性。应用Kappa检验评估DSA、CTA与Rapid软件血流评分的一致性。结果Rapid软件与DSA、CTA血流评分一致性好(r_(s)=0.729,κ=0.516;r_(s)=0.744,κ=0.543),CTA与DSA血流评分一致性好(κ=0.768,r_(s)=0.857)。Rapid软件和CTA判定侧支循环良好的灵敏度和特异度分别为83.33%、60.87%和100.00%、76.81%;Rapid软件和CTA判定侧支循环中等的灵敏度和特异度分别为46.67%、100.00%和86.67%、100.00%;Rapid软件和CTA判定侧支循环较差的灵敏度和特异度分别为66.67%、70.67%和62.50%、96.08%。结论CTA具有较高的灵敏度与特异度,且与DSA有很高的相关性。Rapid软件的灵敏度与特异度较低,但与DSA有较好的一致性,因此也可以作为评估侧支循环的检查手段。

RAPID软件在急性缺血性脑卒中患者中的应用

脑卒中是中国居民死亡的第一病因,其中急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)约占70%,具有高致死率、致残率的特点。RAPID软件是一种基于灌注成像的自动化后处理软件包,可以通过分析CT灌注成像(CTP)数据,快速且准确地评估梗死核心体积、不匹配体积和侧支循环情况。目前RAPID软件主要应用于快速筛选可以从血管内治疗中获益的急性缺血性脑卒中患者并评价其临床预后,尚无研究探索RAPID软件参数与标准药物治疗患者的预后的相关性。RAPID软件的准确性一直以来是探讨的热点话题,而其在CTP后的应用是否具有可替代性也尚未有定论。本文就RAPID软件在临床的最新进展展开综述,旨在进一步拓宽RAPID软件在临床中的应用,以提高AIS患者预后。

左外叶肝切除肝移植联合二期全肝切除术(RAPID)治疗肝脏恶性肿瘤

对经过选择的不可切除的结直肠癌肝转移患者行肝移植获得了不错的疗效,极大提高了患者的长期生存率。然而,供肝的短缺是扩大和探索肿瘤移植学领域的主要障碍。尸体或活体供者来源的小体积辅助肝移植物(通常为左外叶)是扩大供肝的重要来源,既对等待尸体供肝的受者影响极低,亦可将活体肝移植供者的风险降到最低。左外叶肝切除肝移植联合二期全肝切除术(RAPID)综合了联合肝脏离断和门静脉结扎二步肝切除术(ALPPS)和辅助肝移植两者的优势,进一步拓展了肿瘤外科的领域,为更多的患者带来了长期生存的希望。该文回顾了RAPID手术产生的背景,总结了手术过程和技术要点,早期手术经验和患者预后,存在的争议以及对未来的展望。总的来说,该手术复杂,风险极高,目前全球病例数较少,虽然许多患者取得了不错的疗效,但仍不足以评估长期的肿瘤学结局,尚处于探索阶段,仅限于前瞻性的临床研究。

基于RAPIDS的无参DBSCAN算法

具有噪声的基于密度的空间聚类(Density‑based spatial clustering of applications with noise,DBSCAN)能够发现不同密度和大小的类簇,对噪声也有很好的鲁棒性,被广泛地应用到数据挖掘的任务中。DBSCAN通常需要调整参数MinPts和Eps以达到更优的聚类效果,但往往在搜索最优参数的过程中会影响DBSCAN的性能。本文从两个方面优化DBSCAN,一方面,提出一种无参的方法优化DBSCAN全局参数选择。无参方法利用自然最近邻获得数据集的自然特征值,并将自然特征值作为参数MinPts值。然后,根据自然特征值计算自然特征集合,利用自然特征集合中的数据分布特性,分别采取统计最小值、平均值和最大值3种方式得到Eps值。另一方面,采用集成数据科学实时加速平台(Real‑time acceleration platform for integrated data science,RAPIDS)的图形处理器(Graphics processing unit,GPU)计算加快DBSCAN算法的收敛速度。实验结果表明,本文提出的方法在优化DBSCAN参数选择的同时,取得了与密度峰值聚类(Density peaks clustering,DPC)相当的聚类结果。

国内外食品快速检测方法评价技术研究

相比于国外成熟的快速检测方法评价技术体系,我国的评价技术体系发展滞后且有较多问题,严重制约了快检行业的发展。本文主要从验证方法、性能指标、测试要求等方面对各个评价技术体系做了对比分析。同时梳理了国内不同监管部门的评价技术体系发展与侧重,以期为我国食品快速检测方法确认政策和技术研究提供良好的借鉴,引导食品快速检测方法及产品的评价标准进一步规范,形成完善的科学评价方法和评价技术体系,促进我国食品安全及快速检测行业的健康发展。

水性环氧树脂-聚丙烯纤维改性水泥基快速修补砂浆性能研究

为改善机场道面修补砂浆脆性大和粘结性能差等问题,本文利用水性环氧树脂(WER)、聚丙烯(PP)纤维和硫铝酸盐水泥(SAC)制备出一种快速修补砂浆,并对其工作性能、力学性能、阻尼性能和耐硫酸盐腐蚀性能进行研究。结果表明,PP纤维和WER可显著提高快速修补砂浆韧性和粘结性能,使得快速修补砂浆2 h抗压、抗折强度和粘结强度分别达到22.3,5.1和3.7MPa,满足民用机场规范要求,同时可改善快速修补砂浆的阻尼性能和抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能。

便携式激光诱导击穿光谱仪测定土壤中重金属

土壤重金属污染对农作物生长和人体健康都有严重危害,现场快速检测对土壤重金属污染调查、应急监测具有重要意义。采用自主研发的土壤重金属激光诱导击穿光谱现场快速检测仪对矿区周边土壤进行现场检测分析,以835个不同基质土壤的光谱数据建立定标数据库,通过支持向量机建立回归模型对土壤重金属元素含量进行定量反演。现场检测获取的全波段光谱波动在15%以内,Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn等6种元素光谱强度相对标准偏差平均值为6.31%。将检测结果与实验室电感耦合等离子体质谱法分析对比,6种元素的皮尔逊相关系数r在0.8501~0.9829,检测结果80%以上处于±30%相对误差区间分布。对比结果表明自主研发的土壤重金属激光诱导击穿光谱现场检测仪可以满足现场快速检测需求。

聚甲氧基二甲醚-2燃烧动力学模型及试验研究

采用试验研究与动力学建模相结合方法,对聚甲氧基二甲醚-2(polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers-2,PODE_(2))的中低温燃烧特性进行了研究。基于二甲氧基甲烷(dimethoxymethane,DMM)详细反应机理,遵循基于反应类的速率准则构建了PODE_(2)详细化学反应动力学机理,并与文献试验数据进行了验证;在快速压缩机试验平台测量了PODE_(2)在温度范围为550~900 K,当量比为0.5、1.0、2.0时着火延迟时间,结合所构建的详细反应机理,对PODE_(2)中低温条件下自着火过程控制因素进行了分析。结果表明,所构建的PODE_(2)反应机理可以很好地再现试验测量的着火延迟时间,对文献中现有的试验数据均能给出合理的预测。PODE_(2)自着火过程呈现明显的两阶段着火现象,没有表现出负温度系数(negative temperature coefficient,NTC)行为;PODE_(2)第一阶段着火延迟时间在低温段随温度呈线性变化,在720~820 K的中温范围内呈“平台”状,几乎不随温度变化。PODE_(2)低温反应活性来自于3个替代性通道,由氧加成反应开启的典型低温链分支反应序列作用被抑制。

钛合金薄壁构件快速加热冷模热冲压成形技术进展

为了解决钛合金薄壁构件热成形效率低、成本高、组织性能控制难度大等问题,近年来钛合金冷模热冲压成形技术受到关注。在该新技术中利用室温模具对加热后的钛合金板材进行快速冲压成形和模内快速冷却,由于取消了模具加热,可以变革性地提高钛合金薄壁构件成形效率、降低成本。然而,与传统等温成形不同,在冷模热冲压成形过程中,钛合金板材温度不断下降,这对钛合金成形极限、回弹及组织性能等的控制提出了全新的挑战。分析了钛合金薄壁构件冷模热冲压成形技术特点及存在的问题,归纳了快速加热对钛合金组织性能的影响规律,综述了钛合金薄壁构件快速加热冷模热冲压成形工艺进展,最后对该技术未来的发展方向进行了展望。

数字化重症快速反应体系建设探索

目的:建设数字化重症快速反应体系,实现急危重症患者早期识别和干预,保障患者医疗安全。方法:利用物联网、大数据和人工智能等技术,建设重症快速反应信息平台,完善快速反应管理体系。结果:构建急危重症大数据中心、智能预警及快速反应系统、组织管理体系三位一体的重症快速反应体系,为患者提供智慧、同质、高效的医疗服务。结论:重症快速反应体系建设在我国尚处于探索阶段,通过全流程的信息化、数字化管理,切实提高患者医疗安全保障,不断推动构建适合我国医疗高质量发展的重症快速反应体系。

快速康复理念下家庭参与式护理模式在 肺结节围术期患者护理中的应用

目的观察肺结节围术期护理中实施快速康复理念下家庭参与式护理模式的效果。方法选取行手术治疗的肺结节患者180例,采取随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组90例。对照组患者应用常规护理,观察组实施快速康复理念下家庭参与式护理模式。比较2组患者术后时间结局指标、术前焦虑情况、家庭负担及术后训练积极性。结果观察组患者胸管留置时间及住院总时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组患者阿姆斯特丹术前焦虑与信息量表(APAIS)及疾病家庭负担量表(FBS)得分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后训练积极度水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实施快速康复理念下家庭参与式护理模式有利于促进肺结节手术患者早期康复,缓解患者术前焦虑情况,减轻家庭负担,提高患者术后康复训练积极性。