OPD-ScanⅢ及IOL-Master 700测量白内障术前角膜曲率和水平角膜直径的比较

目的比较OPD-ScanⅢ与IOL-Master 700在角膜曲率(平坦曲率K1与陡峭曲率K2)及水平角膜直径(WTW)测量上的差异性及一致性。方法选取2021年10月至2022年9月在航天中心医院眼科行白内障手术的患者268例328眼(右眼164例,左眼164例)。采用OPD-ScanⅢ及IOL-Master 700仪器分别检测患者左右眼的K1、K2以及WTW值并进行分析比较。采用配对t检验进行参数比较;Pearson相关分析检测参数间的相关性;Bland-Altman以及组内相关系数(ICC)分析确定两种仪器相关参数测量的一致性。结果在左右眼参数的测量中,OPD-ScanⅢ测得的K1及K2值均大于IOL-Master 700,WTW值均低于IOL-Master 700的测量值,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.001)。OPD-ScanⅢ在左右眼中测得的K1、K2及WTW值与IOL-Master 700所测得的对应值均呈正相关,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.001)。两种仪器K1、K2及WTW值在95%一致性界限外的比例均在5%以内,但95%界限内差值绝对值均接近或超过了1.0 D,存在较大的临床偏差。ICC分析证实两种仪器左右眼测量K1及K2值一致性均极好(ICC>0.90)。两种仪器测得的WTW差值与K2值均显著相关(均为P<0.05)。WTW正偏差范围外有5例(83.33%)样本IOL-Master 700测得的K 2在47.03以上。结论OPD-ScanⅢ及IOL-Master 700在测量K1、K2及WTW上存在偏差,临床应用中不可互相替代。IOL-Master 700测得的WTW值大于OPD-ScanⅢ,当其测量的K2≥47.03时,所获得的WTW值参考价值可能有限。

IOL Master 700与Lenstar LS900对高度近视合并白内障患者术前生物测量及人工晶状体计算的比较

目的:比较IOL Master 700与Lenstar LS900对高度近视合并白内障患者术前眼生物测量的差异性、相关性、一致性及人工晶状体(IOL)度数计算的准确性。方法:回顾性研究。收集2021-03/2023-03于陆军特色医学中心眼科行白内障超声乳化联合IOL植入手术的高度近视合并白内障患者136例136眼,平均年龄57.38±8.08岁。根据眼轴长度(AL)将患者分为3组:A组(26 mm≤AL≤28 mm)41眼,B组(28 mm30 mm)52眼。术前分别使用两种仪器测量AL、平均角膜曲率(Km)、前房深度(ACD)、晶状体厚度(LT)和白到白距离(WTW)。所有患者均采用Barrett UniversalⅡ公式计算IOL度数,个性化选择适宜的预留屈光度,比较两种仪器的预测屈光误差(PE)和绝对屈光误差(AE)。结果:三组患者中Lenstar LS900测量的AL和ACD均大于IOL Master 700测量值(均P<0.05),且两种仪器测量AL的平均差值C组>B组>A组。两种仪器测量LT、Km与WTW值均无差异(均P>0.05)。两种仪器所得各组生物参数均具有正相关性(均r>0.9,P<0.05)且一致性较好(95%LoA范围较窄)。两种仪器计算的AE无差异(P>0.05),但IOL Master 700计算的PE小于Lenstar LS900(P<0.05),且前者远视偏移百分比更低。结论:在高度近视合并白内障患者中,Lenstar LS900测量AL值大于IOL Master 700,且该差异随着AL的增加而增大,两种仪器对IOL的计算均具有良好的预测性,但IOL Master 700术后屈光误差更小,远视偏移百分比更低。

《广西植物》被国际知名数据库ICI World of Journals和ICI Journals Master List收录

日前,《广西植物》正式被波兰《哥白尼索引》(IC)旗下的两个知名数据库哥白尼索引期刊数据库(ICI World of Journals)和哥白尼索引精选数据库(ICI Journals Master List)全文收录,这是该期刊继被瑞典知名数据库(DOAJ)成功收录后的又一大喜讯。

The Effectiveness of the Havriliak-Negami Model in Predicting the Master Curves of the Asphalt Blends with SBS Triblock Copolymer and Organic-Montmorillonite at Different Temperatures and Frequencies

The dynamic viscoelastic properties of asphalt AC-20 and its composites with Organic-Montmorillonite clay (OMMt) and SBS were modeled using the empirical Havriliak-Negami (HN) model, based on linear viscoelastic theory (LVE). The HN parameters, α, β, G0, G∞and τHN were determined by solving the HN equation across various temperatures and frequencies. The HN model successfully predicted the rheological behavior of the asphalt and its blends within the temperature range of 25˚C - 40˚C. However, deviations occurred between 40˚C - 75˚C, where the glass transition temperature Tg of the asphalt components and the SBS polymer are located, rendering the HN model ineffective for predicting the dynamic viscoelastic properties of composites containing OMMt under these conditions. Yet, the prediction error of the HN model dropped to 2.28% - 2.81% for asphalt and its mixtures at 100˚C, a temperature exceeding the Tg values of both polymer and asphalt, where the mixtures exhibited a liquid-like behavior. The exponent α and the relaxation time increased with temperature across all systems. Incorporating OMMt clay into the asphalt blends significantly enhanced the relaxation dynamics of the resulting composites.

COVID-19/Tuberculosis Co-Infection at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) of Saint-Louis (Senegal): About 9 Cases

Introduction: COVID-19 is a global public health emergency that can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome. In countries where tuberculosis (TB) is endemic, coinfection of COVID-19 and TB is often encountered, which increases the risk of developing severe forms of COVID-19. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of COVID-19/TB coinfection at the Epidemic treatment center (ETC) in Saint-Louis (Senegal) and to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, and outcome profile of co-infected patients. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive cohort study based on the records of COVID-19/ TB co-infected patients who were hospitalized at the ETC in Saint-Louis (Senegal) over an 18-month period from March 2020 to September 2021. Results: Out of a total of 454 hospitalizations, we collected records of 9 patients co-infected with COVID-19/TB, resulting in a prevalence of 2%. The study included patients with a median age of 34 years (range: 10-86 years), with a male predominance (7 cases) and a sex ratio of 3.5. The majority of patients (88.9%) had severe forms of COVID-19. Dyspnea and cough were reported in all patients (100%). Pulmonary TB was the most frequent localization, with 9 cases. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by nasopharyngeal PCR in all patients (100%). Bacilloscopy was positive in 3 out of 5 cases. One patient tested positive for GeneXpert? MTB/RIF without rifampicin resistance. All patients were prescribed the hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin combination and anti-tuberculosis treatment. Out of the nine patients, four recovered (44.4%) and five died (55.5%). Conclusion: COVID-19/TB coinfection had a low prevalence in our cohort, but was associated with a high mortality due to the frequent occurrence of severe forms of the disease.

Profile of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients Hospitalized at the Epidemic Treatment Center (ETC) in Saint-Louis, Senegal during the First Two Waves

Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major public health emergency. Several risk factors are involved in the occurrence of respiratory distress that can lead to death despite resuscitation measures. Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic, and evolution profile of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 hospitalized at the CTE of Saint-Louis (Senegal) during the first two waves. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study that included all patients hospitalized at the ETC of Saint-Louis (Senegal) with SARS-CoV-2 infection from March 2020 to April 2021. Results: A total of 358 cases were collected, 256 (71.5%) during the first wave and 102 (28.5%) during the second wave. The mean age was 49.5 years (19.5). There was a male predominance (58.4%), with a sex ratio of 1.4. Hypertension was the main comorbidity, with 87 cases (24.3%). The most common functional signs were cough in 194 cases (54.2%), dyspnea in 143 cases (40%) and ageusia in 134 cases (37.4%). Thoracic CT scans were performed on 20 patients (5.6%), with severe involvement (50% - 75%) observed in 50% of cases. Hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin was prescribed to 351 patients (98%). Overall, 338 (94.4%) recovered and 17 (4.7%) died. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with death were male sex [OR = 2.645;95% CI: 1.530 - 4.785;p = 0.011], age 60 years [OR = 1.039;95% CI: 0.564 - 1.914;p = 0.002], the presence of comorbidities [OR = 2.171;95% CI: 0.564 - 3.429;p = 0.033], SpO2 (ambient air) 95% [OR = 2.061;95% CI: 0.616 - 3.827;p = 0.03], acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) [OR = 0.635;95% CI: 0.316 - 1.275;p = 0.001], severe form [OR = 1.664;95% CI: 0.298 - 2.478;p = 0.016], occurrence of complications [OR = 0.521;95% CI: 0.287 - 0.944;p = 0.032], high creatinine levels [OR = 2.061;95% CI: 1.616 - 3.827;p = 0.026], and lymphopenia [OR = 0.485;95% CI: 0.370 - 0.636;p = 0.001]. Conclusion: In our series, infection with SARS-CoV-2 was associated with low lethality. Several risk factors were identified that need to be considered for successful management of patients.

Problems and Countermeasures in the Training of Master of Translation and Interpreting Talents in the Context of Technological Empowerment

This paper aims to explore the problems and countermeasures in the training of Master of Translation and Interpreting(MTI)talents in the context of technological empowerment.Through methods such as questionnaires and literature review,the study analyzes the problems in the training of MTI talents under technological empowerment and,by examining the feasibility and applicability of technologies,proposes countermeasures to these problems.The research finds that there are still problems in four areas:training concept,teaching content,research in the current training of MTI talents,and mutual empowerment of technology and education.Four countermeasures are suggested to address these problems,including utilizing technology to promote personalized training and optimize teaching content.This study provides valuable references for future educators to leverage technology in the training of MTI talents.

IOLmaster700与Lenstar测量青光眼合并白内障患者眼部生物参数的比较

比较IOL Master 700与Lenstar在测量青光眼合并白内障患者的眼轴、角膜中央厚度以及前房深度等眼部参数的差异性、相关性和一致性。方法 选取2023年5-8月在复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院拟进行超声乳化人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术的患者61例(100只眼),分别进行IOL Master 700和Lenstar检查,其中每只受试眼IOL Master 700自动测量五次,Lenstar测量三次,分别取平均值。配对t检验和Pearson相关性分析分别对两种机器测得AL 、CCT、 AQD进行差异性和相关性分析。Bland-Altman分析IOL Master 700和Lenstar测量的AL 、CCT、AQD的一致性。结果 IOL Master 700与Lenstar测量所得的AL无显著统计学差异(P>0.05),CCT及AQD均有显著统计学差异(P<0.05)。通过Pearson相关分析,两种仪器所测的AL、CCT、AQD之间均有较好的相关性(r=0.960~1.000,p<0.001),且经Bland-Altman分析,这两种仪器在测量AL、CCT、 AQD等眼部生物参数时一致性较好。结论 IOL Master 700与Lenstar在测量眼轴、角膜中央厚度和前房深度时,有高度的一致性和相关性,临床上可以相互替代。

Service Master COMPACT现场测量设备

派克汉尼汾推出一款功能强大的测量设备Service Master COMPACT,为行走机械和工业液压应用提供实时监测和诊断服务。产品采用坚固的IP65防护级外壳及耐油性橡胶保护层,适用于工程机械、农业、铁路和国防等行业的恶劣工况。搭载4.3英寸触摸屏和触感键盘的Service Master COMPACT让现场操作及数据分析流程变得简便。它能实时显示压力、温度和流量等关键参数,并支持通过按键或预设信号触发的数据记录功能。这一特性使得维护人员能够轻松识别潜在问题,避免可能引发的设备停机或损坏,进而降低维护成本。

Innovation Transformation and Industry-Education Integration:A Study on the Integration Path of Guangxi Zhuang’s Intangible Cultural Heritage and Master of Arts Education in China

This study focuses on the master of arts education in higher education institutions in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China,explores the path of integrating Guangxi Zhuang’s intangible cultural heritage with the teaching of master of arts,and puts forward the teaching mode of“thinking guidance-autonomous judgement-program construction.”A theoretical model of innovative transformation of intangible cultural heritage is also summarized.Through the development of this study,it is expected to further enrich the practical teaching mechanism of master of arts education in Chinese universities and form a master of arts teaching model with strong local cultural characteristics.At the same time,the teaching reform based on the integration of Guangxi Zhuang’s intangible cultural heritage and master of arts education also has strong practical significance for promoting the inheritance and innovation of Chinese intangible cultural heritage,promoting the development of cultural and creative industries,and serving the economic and social development of Guangxi.

莫廷ColomboIOL与卡尔蔡司IOLmaster500眼轴检出率的对比研究

对比研究莫廷 Colombo IOL眼科光学生物测量仪与卡尔蔡司IOL master 500眼科光学生物测量仪对行白内障术前检查的年龄相关性白内障患者的眼轴检出率。方法 选取我院于2022年1月至2023年5月期间内接收的需要进行白内障术前检查的年龄相关性白内障患者200名(388只眼)作为本次实验的测量对象,分别适用莫廷 Colombo IOL眼科光学生物测量仪与卡尔蔡司IOL master 500眼科光学生物测量仪对这200名年龄相关性白内障患者进行眼轴检测,并计算两种仪器的眼轴检出率,使用统计学方法做差异性分析。结果 在388眼中,莫廷 Colombo IOL眼科光学生物测量仪可以测出331只眼睛的眼轴数据,检出率为85.31%,卡尔蔡司IOL master 500眼科光学生物测量仪可以测出295只眼睛的眼轴数据,检出率为76.03%,两组数据对比检出率差异具有统计学意义,p<0.05。结论 在对年龄相关性白内障患者行白内障术前检查中,莫廷 Colombo IOL眼科光学生物测量仪的眼轴检出率高于卡尔蔡司IOL master 500眼科光学生物测量仪的眼轴检出率。

Mind Master引导下的费曼学习法在骨科实习中的应用研究

目的 探究Mind Master引导下的费曼学习法在骨科实习中的应用研究。方法 于2016年1月—2021年12月纳入西安交通大学第二附属医院骨三科实习医生分为传统教学法组(102名)和费曼学习法组(136名)。评估两组考核成绩和迷你临床演练评估(mini clinical evaluation exercise,Mini-CEX)量表结果。结果 费曼学习法组学生在理论成绩、实践成绩方面均显著优于传统教学法组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);在MiniCEX量表评估问诊、查体、专业态度、临床判断、整体临床评价以及评价人满意度方面显著优于传统教学法组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。而在Mini-CEX量表评估的沟通技能、组织效能、被评价人满意度两组差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论 利用Mind Master归纳总结的费曼学习法教学模式能实习医生的理论和实践水平。

基于SVR和BP神经网络算法通过IOL Master 700测量数据来预测白内障术后CW弦

目的:通过IOL Master 700观察白内障手术前后Chang-Warning弦(CW弦)的变化,并利用术前数据和人工智能预测模型预测术后CW弦。方法:研究对象为304例白内障患者,分析其术前及术后的IOL Master 700测量数据,包括散光矢量值、角膜平均曲率、眼轴长度、前房深度、晶状体厚度、角膜中央厚度、白到白距离、浦肯野反射Ⅰ像相对于角膜中心的位置和瞳孔中心的位置、CW弦等。研究建立了基于SVR算法和BP神经网络算法的预测模型,通过术前CW弦及眼部生物参数来预测术后CW弦。结果:相比于白内障手术前,手术后左、右眼CW弦X分量向颞侧有轻微偏移,Y分量变化不大。使用术前CW弦和其他术前眼部生物参数作为输入数据,相比于BP神经网络,SVR模型能够更准确的对术后CW弦的X分量和Y分量做出预测。结论:CW弦可以用各种生物测量仪器、角膜地形图仪器或断层摄像仪器在同轴固定光下直接测量。使用SVR算法能够在白内障手术前较精准的对术后CW弦进行预测。

Competence of clinical teachers:A survey on perception of masters of nursing specialist postgraduates, their clinical teachers, and head nurses

Objectives:To explore the current admittance situation of clinical teachers for masters of nursing specialist(MNS)postgraduates and to test the competence of clinical teachers in self-evaluation and other evaluations.Methods:In this cross-sectional study,using a random number table,we chose 80 MNS postgraduates under clinical practice,their clinical teachers,and head nurses each from six hospitals in Hunan and Guangdong.The participants were tested on the basis of the Clinical Teachers'Competence Inventory of MNS Postgraduates.The competences of clinical teachers were evaluated by the three groups of participants.Results:The aggregated scores of teacher competence as evaluated by the MNS postgraduates(181.33±24.95)were lower than those assigned by both clinical teachers(190.75±24.30)and their head nurses(198.53±18.90),with significant differences in all dimensions except for clinical managing ability.The five highest rated items from all participants focused on the teachers'clinical nursing ability,and the five lowest rated items were mainly about their clinical research ability.Conclusion:The evaluation from MNS postgraduates is obviously lower than the self-evaluation of clinical teachers,and all participants are aware of the deficiency in research ability of the teachers.Thus,the admittance and examination of clinical teachers should be controlled strictly.Training should be carried out immediately to strengthen their comprehensive abilities,especially their research ability.

IOL Master联合A超在白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术中的应用

目的探讨IOL Master联合A超在白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体(IOL)植入术中的应用价值。方法选取于佛山市三水区人民医院接受手术的老年白内障患者80例,按照随机数字表法分为A超组与联合组,每组40例。2组均接受超声乳化联合IOL植入术,A超组于术前使用接触式A超测量眼轴长度(AL)、前房深度(ACD)、晶状体厚度(LT),用Pentacam测量角膜曲率(K);联合组采用IOL Master 5.5联合A超获得上述参数。根据SRK-T公式计算IOL度数。比较2组患者术后3个月的裸眼远视力(UDVA)、裸眼中视力(UIVA)、裸眼近视力(UNVA)、屈光误差,并采用IOL植入术后视觉评估问卷调查患者术后情况(脱镜率、不良视觉现象、屈光满意度评分)。结果2组患者术后3个月的UDVA比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);联合组术后3个月的UIVA、UNVA均明显高于A超组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合组散光1.0~1.5 D患眼的屈光误差及总屈光误差明显低于A超组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者术后不良视觉现象发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。联合组脱镜率与屈光满意度评分均高于A超组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论IOL Master联合A超可通过优势互补最大限度地降低屈光误差,使患者术后获得更理想的裸眼视力,更高的脱镜率与屈光满意度。

Submicron Size Patterned Nickel Soft Lithographic Masters Using Aluminium Template

Nickel masters are widely used to produce surface relief grating like patterned antireflection coatings of polysiloxane material by simple embossing process. In the present work, patterned nickel master was prepared by using aluminium template, which is a foil peeled off from the commercial compact disk. Nickel was deposited using Watts nickel bath by pulsed electrodeposition for different relaxation times on patterned aluminium template. The deposition led to the transfer of patterns of aluminium replica to the nickel deposit. After deposition, the aluminium template was etched out chemically. Observation under an optical microscope showed that the obtained pattern was highly homogenous only for Ton = 0.1 ms, Toff = 0.9 ms duty cycles as compared with other ‘on’ and ‘off’ times of pulse cycles. This simple single step cost effective nickel master can serve as stamps for the subsequent embossing process. The preparation conditions and its salient features are discussed in this paper in detail.

CASIA2与IOL Master 700测量白内障患者角膜屈光力及散光的差异性和一致性

目的:比较CASIA2与IOL Master 700测量年龄相关性白内障患者角膜屈光力和散光的差异性和一致性。方法:回顾性研究。选取2021-11/12在我院就诊的年龄相关性白内障患者153例232眼。分别采用CASIA2和IOL Master 700测量白内障患者角膜前、后表面及全角膜的平坦轴角膜曲率(Kf)、陡峭轴角膜曲率(Ks)、平均角膜曲率(Km)、散光度数及轴向(矢量表示法J_(0)和J_(45))。分析两种仪器测量参数的差异性、相关性及一致性。结果:CASIA2与IOL Master 700测量角膜后表面J45值无差异(-0.006±0.038D vs-0.005±0.044D,P>0.05),其余参数均有差异(均P<0.05);两种仪器测量角膜前后表面及全角膜屈光力和散光均呈显著正相关(均r/r_(s)>0.7,P<0.001);Bland-Altman分析法显示角膜前表面屈光力及散光一致性较好,后表面及全角膜屈光力一致性较差。结论:CASIA2与IOL Master 700测量白内障患者角膜前表面屈光力、角膜前后表面及全角膜散光差异性较小,一致性较好,可以互相参考,而测量后表面及全角膜屈光力差异较大,不建议互换使用。

Master crack types and typical acoustic emission characteristics during rock failure

Acoustic emission(AE)signals contain substantial information about the internal fracture characteristics of rocks and are useful for revealing the laws governing the release of energy stored therein.Reported here is the evolution of rock failure with diferent master crack types as investigated using Brazilian splitting tests(BSTs),direct shear tests(DSTs),and uniaxial compression tests(UCTs).The AE parameters and typical modes of each fracture type were obtained,and the energy release characteristics of each fracture mechanism were discussed.From the observed changes in the AE parameters,the rock fracture process exhibits characteristics of staged intensifcation.The scale and energy level of crack activity in the BSTs were signifcantly lower than those in the DSTs and UCTs.The proportion of tensile cracks in the BSTs was 65%–75%,while the proportions of shear cracks in the DSTs and UCTs were 75%–85%and 70%–75%,respectively.During the rock loading process under diferent conditions,failure was accompanied by an increased number of shear cracks.The amplitude,duration,and rise time of the AE signal from rock failure were larger when the failure was dominated by shear cracks rather than tensile ones,and most of the medium-and high-energy signals had medium to low frequencies.After calculating the proposed energy amplitude ratio,the energy release of shear cracks was found to exceed that of tensile cracks at the same fracture scale.

Self-Evaluation of Masters in Nursing Program: Postgraduates’ Networks

Background: To ensure quality and relevance of Postgraduate Programs are a commitment of the National Quality Postgraduate Programs (PNPC), and those from UNAM. Then, the self-evaluation of the Masters in Nursing Program (PME) is necessary for it to be part of the PNPC. This study focuses on self-evaluation of implementation mechanisms to assure effective communication and collaboration with and among graduated alumni. Methods: The research was qualitative, exploratory and descriptive. An informed consent was signed by four informants, graduated from the seventeenth generation of PME. Data collection from a focal group and descriptive data analysis by atlas.ti from guidance questions that were contrasted with the scale value from PME curriculum. Results: Four categories emerged from PME graduated alumni: Category I, Professional academic performance, Category II, International activities attendance, Category III, Academic networks, and Category IV, Higher satisfaction of international activities. Conclusions: It is concluded that self-evaluation shows a graduate’s vision of conditions and networks where PME develops. Masters in Nursing Program fulfills graduates expectancy to create networks, which will contribute to knowledge and recognition of professional practice, as well as on the area’ opportunities opening for better contributions.

Body Mass Index of North American Participants at the World Masters Games

WMG （World Masters Games） athletes have either pursued a physically active lifestyle for an extended period of time or have initiated exercise/sport in later life. This unique cohort of middle-aged to older-aged adults remains relatively uninvestigated with regards to various measures of health. With a need for multifaceted solutions to the obesity epidemic, investigating special populations such as those competing in sport at older ages may further the understanding of the nexus between aging, physical activity and obesity. This study aims to investigate the BMI （body mass index） of North American WMG competitors with respect to national health guidelines and demographics. An online survey was utilized to collect demographic information from athletes competing at the Sydney WMG. BMI was derived using the participant＇s height and body mass. A total of 928 （46.7% male, 53.3% female） participants from Canada and the United States （age： 52.6 ± 9.8 years） completed the survey. The top 5 sports in which participants competed were football （25.6%）, track/field （15.4%）, swimming （8.4%）, volleyball （8.2%）, and softball （7.8%）. Female and male BMI （kg/m2） across all sports were： 〉 30 （obese： 13.9%）, 25-29.9 （overweight： 34.1%）, 18.5-24.9 （normal： 50.3%）, and 〈18.5 （underweight： 1.7%）. Data indicated that BMI was a health risk factor for 13.9% of the participants and a developing risk factor for 34.1% of the participants. Analysis demonstrated a significantly reduced （P 〈 0.05） classification of obesity of the North American WMG competitors when compared to Canadian and United States national populations. It is believed that adherence to exercise improves indices of general health. A key index of health （obesity） is significantly lower in incidence for North American WMG competitors when compared to Canadian and US populations.