Initial Labor Market Conditions and Individual Employability

Initial labor market conditions affect how individuals build their human capital and look for jobs and thus can have long-term effects on their income levels,work performance,and career development.Based on data from the Urban Household Survey(UHS)of urban households in China from 1986 to 2009,we perform an empirical test of how initial labor market conditions affect the employability of individuals.Our research shows that people’s future incomes suffer if they start out in an adverse job market.Each percentage point of increase in the unemployment rate at an individual’s entry into the labor market is associated with a two-percentage-point drop in his or her average annual income.Even after looking at different parts of the job market and sample groups,this conclusion still holds.In the context of global economic instability,our findings may assist government policymakers in addressing adverse labor market conditions.

What is the best strategy for successful bowel preparation under special conditions?

Adequate bowel preparation is important for successful colonoscopic examination. Several effective colonic cleansing agents are available and routinely prescribed, but each carries its own limitations and benefits from particular dosing regimens. The most frequently prescribed colonic cleansing agent, the polyethylene glycol (PEG) cathartic solution, suffers from low patient compliance in general, due to its unpalatable taste and smell coupled with the large ingested volumes required. However, PEG is preferred over other cathartics for use in individuals of advanced age, sufferers of chronic kidney disease, heart failure and inflammatory bowel disease, and women who are pregnant or lactating. The laxative agents sodium phosphate (NaP) and sodium picosulfate plus magnesium citrate have been applied and have improved patient compliance and tolerance. NaP, however, should be avoided in individuals with impaired renal function or plasma clearance, such as those with chronic kidney disease, who are taking drugs that affect renal function, or who suffer from heart failure. Other special conditions that may affect an individual’s tolerance of the cathartic agent or ability to complete the administration routine include stroke, severe constipation, hematochezia, suspicious lower gastrointestinal bleeding, and mental disorders such as dementia. All ingestible bowel preparation solutions can be instilled into the stomach and duodenum through nasogastric tube or esophagogastroduodenoscope with the aid of a water irrigation pump for patients with difficulties swallowing or ingesting the large volumes of fluid required. In addition, dietary regimens based on clear liquids and low-residue foods for 1-4 d prior to the colonoscopy may be supplemental bowel preparation strategies. Achieving an effective and safe cleansing of the bowel is important for successful colonoscopy in all patients, so full knowledge of the individual’s condition and capabilities is necessary to select the most appropriate colonic cleansing agent and delivery regimen.

Agricultural production structure,market conditions and farmers’nutritional intake in rural China

Nutrition poverty alleviation is an effective measure to improve the nutritional status of economically disadvantaged individuals,fundamentally improving their health and reducing poverty.Based on the Entitlement Theory and using the China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS)data,this paper examines the relationship between farmers’nutritional intake,production structure and regional market conditions.Results show that farmers with diversified production have better nutritional intake than those who specialize.Furthermore,the correlation between regional market conditions and nutritional intake varies between economically disadvantaged and non-economically disadvantaged households.Market conditions significantly influence the carbohydrate and fat intake of economically disadvantaged households and are positively associated with the dietary structure and nutritional intake of non-economically disadvantaged ones.Moreover,income is positively correlated with the nutritional intake of non-economically disadvantaged households but not with economically disadvantaged ones.

Turnover of textile and apparel specialized market achieves recovery growth in H1 of 2023

In the first half of 2023,China’s textile and apparel specialized market withstood the huge pressure of insufficient domestic demand,industrial depression and weak consumption recovery,and adhered to stable scale,adjusted structure,and improved quality and efficiency.In the first half of 2023,the total turnover of 44 textile and apparel specialized markets(including market clusters)monitored by the China Commercial Circulation Association of Textile and Apparel(CATA)reached 677.078 billion yuan,an increase of 22.76%,and the specialized market achieved a recovery growth in turnover.

Evaluation of automatic girth weldability of pipeline in special conditions

To meet the requirements of pipeline consumers abroad,in this study,an automatic gas metal arc welding type of girth welding was performed with a heat input of no more than 0.25 kJ/mm and high-strength solid-wire matching for an X70M large-diameter UOE pipeline.An integral evaluation of the X70M pipeline girth weldability was performed with respect to the girth-weld cold-cracking sensitivity during the welding process and the strengthening,hardening,and embrittlement of the girth weld joint after girth welding in especially rigorous welding conditions with accelerated failure characteristics.The performance of the above girth weld joint with joints welded using the main construction-field girth welding procedure was compared to ensure the good girth weldability of the X70M pipeline.The results of this study have important supervisory significance for field-construction girth welding.Finally,the girth weldability of the X70M pipeline was found to satisfy the field construction requirements even when the welding conditions are especially rigorous.

Analysis of Conditional Value-at-Risk for Newsvendor with Holding and Backorder Cost under Market Search

We consider a distribution system with one supplier and two retailers. For the two retailers, they face different demand and are both risk averse. We study a single period model which the supplier has ample goods and the retailers order goods separately. Market search is measured as the fraction of customers who unsatisfied with their ＂local＂ retailer due to stock-out, and search for the goods at the other retailer before leaving the system. We investigate how the retailers game for order quantity in a Conditional Value-at-Risk framework and study how risk averse degree, market search level, holding cost and backorder cost influence the optimal order strategies. Furthermore, we use uniform distribution to illustrate these results and obtain Nash equilibrium of order strategies.

Application of fulllength anchor support technology in a largesection roadway under complicated geological conditions

Coal roadway support is the foundation and strong guarantee of safe coal production. With the FLAC3D numerical simulation, the roadway fulllength anchor support mechanism was studied, and the full-length anchor forcetransferring mechanism and stressfield distribution formed by roadway surrounding rocks were analyzed, which will provide a scientific basis for a support technology in large-section roadways under complicated geological conditions and lay a foundation for the popularization and application of a full-length anchor support system under special geological conditions.

The Impact of US Stock Market on the Co-Movements of BRIC Stock Markets—Evidence from Linear Conditional Granger Causality

This paper investigates the impact of the US stock market on the co-movements among the BRIC stock markets using conditional Granger causality which allows a comprehensive exploration on direct and indirect causality. The results from linear conditional causality test show a strong influence of the US stock market on the co-movements of BRIC. Our findings identify the US stock market which is the main inner factor making major contributions to the co-movements among the BRIC stock markets. Further, this study provides robust evidence that the co-movements cannot be significantly influenced by the common information factor. These findings show a more complete picture of the relationships between the US and the BRIC stock markets, offering important implications for policymakers and investors.

International Experience of Farmers Specialized Cooperative Economic Organizations in Marketing of Agricultural Products

In the world,development modes of farmers specialized cooperative economic organizations mainly includes two types:( i) specialized agricultural cooperatives with the United States of America as representative,and( ii) comprehensive agricultural cooperatives with Japan and South Korea as representative. In comparison,China mainly develops farmers specialized cooperatives which are agricultural production with family as unit and small in land and management scale like agricultural production in Japan. Therefore,in marketing of agricultural products,cooperatives in the United States of America and Japan have successful experience. China may learn such experience in the development of farmers specialized cooperatives.

Russia's Precious Metals Market: Condition and Prospects

The region of existence of phases in equilibrium with the solid solution based on palladium. Presented to analyze the current situation in the market of precious metals in Russia. Provides information about the production and processing of precious metals. Prospects for the most likely path of development of the Russian market of precious metals.

Prosperity index of specialized market rebounds significantly in the past two months

The prosperity monitoring results of the China Commercial Circulation Association of Textile and Apparel(CATA)show that from February to March 2021,the national textile and apparel specialized market manager’s prosperity index was 53.12,an increase of 4.03 percentage points from January’s 49.09;the specialized market merchant’s prosperity index was 52.84,an increase of 3.25 percentage points from January’s 49.09.

The prosperity index of textile and apparel specialized market fluctuates slightly in Aug.

The prosperity monitoring results of the China Commercial Circulation Association of Textile and Apparel(CATA)show that in August 2021,the national textile and apparel specialized market manager's prosperity index was 50.38,unchanged with July;the specialized market merchant’s prosperity index was 49.60,down 0.13 percentage points from 49.73 in July.In August,the textile and apparel specialized market prosperity index was stable and fluctuated slightly.

The prosperity index of textile and apparel specialized market rises in Sept.

According to the results of the China Commercial Circulation Association of Textile and Apparel(CATA) show that in September 2021, the national textile and apparel specialized market manager's prosperity index was 53.66, an increase of 3.28 percentage points from August's 50.38.

Analysis on specialized market operation of T&C in Q1 of 2022

From January to March in 2022,the total turnover of 46 textile and apparel specialized markets(including market groups)monitored by the China Commercial Circulation Association of Textile and Apparel(CATA)reached 301.795 billion yuan,down 518 percent year-on-year.Among them,the turnover of 5markets rose year-on-year,accounting for 55.08 percent of the total turnover,with an average increase of 5.52 percent;the turnover of 41 specialized markets decreased year-on-year,accounting for 44.92 percent of the total turnover,with an average decline of 15.66 percent.

Prosperity index of specialized market drops slightly

The prosperity monitoring results of the China Commercial Circulation Association of Textile and Apparel(CATA)show that in December 2020,the national textile and apparel specialized market manager’s prosperity index was 50.16,a decrease of 0.59 percentage points from November’s 50.75;the specialized market merchant’s prosperity index was 50.80,a decrease of 0.66 percentage points from November’s 51.46.In December,the prosperity index of the textile and apparel specialized market declined slightly on the basis of the peak sales season in November,and the prosperity index was generally better.

基于上下游市场联动的燃煤电厂两阶段决策模型

随着大宗能源价格大幅波动及新能源上网冲击,作为现阶段不可或缺的燃煤电厂经营举步艰难。对上游燃料采购及仓储成本进行优化管控的同时,对下游电力市场竞价上网进行联动决策,可在一定程度上提高双碳背景下火力发电企业的生存空间。针对上下游市场联动决策周期不一致以及固定发电成本二次曲线无法反映发电成本变动的问题,提出一种基于上下游市场联动的购煤与竞价燃煤电厂两阶段优化决策模型。首先提出燃煤电厂上下游市场的联动模型;其次建立购煤与竞价策略两阶段决策模型,并讨论条件风险价值对决策的影响;最后以燃煤电厂A进行算例分析和两阶段决策模型的有效性验证。算例结果表明,所提两阶段决策模型可以解决上述问题,实现利润最大化。

数字经济与全国统一大市场建设:基于城市层面的研究

双循环发展格局下,全国统一大市场建设有助于促进新质生产力形成及经济高质量转型发展。而数字经济的蓬勃发展为全国统一大市场建设提供了新路径。本文使用2005—2021年中国城市层面数据测算了全国统一大市场指数,实证检验了数字经济如何助推全国统一大市场建设。结果表明,数字经济通过提高流通效率、深化专业化分工以及强化城市网络效应助推全国统一大市场形成;同时“宽带中国”战略实施促进了统一大市场整合;数字经济的市场整合效应在不同地理区位、经济发展水平、城市规模、数字化水平以及市场一体化程度的城市间存在显著差异;进一步分析发现,数字经济对全国统一大市场形成存在长期效应和边际效应递增趋势以及空间溢出效应。

房地产行业冲击下的系统性风险

房地产是当前中国最大的“灰犀牛”之一.本文首次就房地产行业冲击对我国所有行业可能造成的系统性风险影响进行了压力测试.为克服以往二维压力测试无法刻画所有行业之间联动的问题,本文提出了一种新的动态高维Copula(DHDC)宏观压力测试方法.还提出了一种新的系统性风险度量—条件市值损失(CoMVL),它结合了已有风险度量CoES和MES的优点,又融入了市值信息,从而更好地测量负向冲击的影响.利用中国18个行业的指数回报数据,基于DHDC压力测试的实证分析表明:房地产行业冲击对其他各个行业产生了广泛的不利影响,如果未来一个月内房地产行业累积收益率下跌20%,将会导致制造业、金融业、信息技术业和采矿业的市值分别下跌10.14万亿元、0.81万亿元、0.65万亿元和0.42万亿元,收益率分别下跌29.10%、7.81%、15.27%和10.92%;房地产行业冲击对一个行业造成的市值损失75%以上归结于间接影响,即房地产行业通过影响其它行业而其它行业又对目标行业造成的影响.风险溢出网络分析表明,房地产行业冲击主要通过信息技术业、采矿业、批发零售业、交运仓储业、水电煤气业和建筑业六个行业对制造业和金融业产生了不利影响.拓展分析还表明,房地产行业冲击时间越长,对其他行业产生的不利影响也就越大;而且房地产行业负向冲击产生的影响要大于同等幅度下正向冲击产生的影响,即当前稳定房地产下跌预期对防范系统性风险相对更加重要.一系列稳健性检验都证实了本文结果的可靠性.本研究对于全面理解和防范房地产行业冲击对其它各行业可能带来的系统性风险具有重要的政策指引意义.

恋爱期间财产给与的定性及处理

恋爱期间财产给与至少可分为四种类型:彩礼、普通赠与、为履行道德义务之给付以及基于亲密关系之特殊赠与。对于第四种,附解除条件说存在条件过于拟制、条件不适格、恶意促成规则难以适用以及法律效果过于刚性等弊病。在解释论上可通过弹性化其返还后果对其加以改造。在立法论上可借鉴德国无名给与理论,构建我国家事法上基于亲密关系之特殊赠与制度。《婚姻家庭编解释二(征求意见稿)》正式引入“基于婚姻赠与房产”之规则,宜进一步引入“基于亲密关系赠与房产”乃至“基于亲密关系之大额财产特殊赠与”规则。恋爱期间所赠大额财产的返还,应秉持比例原则,返还与否以及返还比例主要取决于恋情时长,并考虑分手原因、双方过错等因素。

超临界二氧化碳管道操作仿真模拟教学

利用特征线法对超临界CO_(2)的管道特殊工况进行了模拟,旨在让学生学习新的思维方式和技术手段,并将其用于解决实际问题。CO_(2)运输作为碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)技术中的中间环节,承担着将CO_(2)从捕集地输送到封存地的任务。其中最常用的运输方式是管道运输。该文建立了以质量、动量和能量守恒定律为基础的描述管道内一维气体流动的数学模型,采用特征线法进行求解,利用MATLAB编程计算,对CO_(2)管道进行了操作模拟。该过程能够使学生掌握特征线法,了解超临界CO_(2)管道运行规律,提高实验教学效果。