MatChat: A large language model and application service platform for materials science

The prediction of chemical synthesis pathways plays a pivotal role in materials science research. Challenges, such as the complexity of synthesis pathways and the lack of comprehensive datasets, currently hinder our ability to predict these chemical processes accurately. However, recent advancements in generative artificial intelligence(GAI), including automated text generation and question–answering systems, coupled with fine-tuning techniques, have facilitated the deployment of large-scale AI models tailored to specific domains. In this study, we harness the power of the LLaMA2-7B model and enhance it through a learning process that incorporates 13878 pieces of structured material knowledge data.This specialized AI model, named Mat Chat, focuses on predicting inorganic material synthesis pathways. Mat Chat exhibits remarkable proficiency in generating and reasoning with knowledge in materials science. Although Mat Chat requires further refinement to meet the diverse material design needs, this research undeniably highlights its impressive reasoning capabilities and innovative potential in materials science. Mat Chat is now accessible online and open for use, with both the model and its application framework available as open source. This study establishes a robust foundation for collaborative innovation in the integration of generative AI in materials science.

Molecular Dynamics (MD) Applications in Materials Science and Engineering and Nanotechnology

Molecular dynamics (MD) is a computer simulation technique that helps to explore the behavior and properties of molecules and atoms. MD has been used in research and development in many spaces, including materials science and engineering and nanotechnology. MD has been proven useful in topics like the nano-engineering of construction materials, correcting graphene planar defects, studying self-assembling bio-materials, and the densification, consolidation, and sintering of nanocrystalline materials.

SPACE MATERIALS SCIENCE

The main studying activities and results on space materials science during 1996-1997 in China were summarized. The typical research subjects are crystal growth from melt, crystal growth from solution, nucleation, undercooling,solidification of alloys and space experimental hardware. They are carried out by the ground-based studies, the short duration microgravity missions and orbital experiments.

The materials data ecosystem： Materials data science and its role in data-driven materials discovery

Since its launch in 2011, the Materials Genome Initiative(MGI) has drawn the attention of researchers from academia,government, and industry worldwide. As one of the three tools of the MGI, the use of materials data, for the first time, has emerged as an extremely significant approach in materials discovery. Data science has been applied in different disciplines as an interdisciplinary field to extract knowledge from data. The concept of materials data science has been utilized to demonstrate its application in materials science. To explore its potential as an active research branch in the big data era, a three-tier system has been put forward to define the infrastructure for the classification, curation and knowledge extraction of materials data.

Technical Note and Brief Overview of the Materials Science and Technology along with Designing Aspects for Development of Spintronic Devices with Optimum Efficiency

One of the major challenges in designing and fabricating Spintronic devices is the choice of both, Materials and the Technology, along with understanding the intricacies of the Designing aspects. In this communication, we have attempted to briefly discuss these factors, with an aim to draw the attention of the Materials Scientists and Technologists to this serious challenge, in the direction of which, though a lot of research and development work has been done, still needs more concerted efforts to be made in order to make the Spintronic devices that can offer good efficiency for maximizing their usefulness.

Simulating Resin Infusion through Textile Reinforcement Materials for the Manufacture of Complex Composite Structures

商用飞机对减轻机身重量和提高燃料效率的需求日益增强,这一需求促进了复合材料在商用飞机结构中的应用。当飞机的复合材料结构变得更庞大、更复杂时,传统的热压罐生产方法就会变得相当昂贵,这一现象引起了研究者对非热压罐成型技术的关注。在此技术中,树脂被注入强化预浸料层。然而,树脂灌注工艺与操作人员的技术和经验息息相关,特别是在开发复杂部件的生产策略时。作为一种用于预测的计算工具,流程建模旨在解决可靠性问题以及传统反复试验法所导致的浪费问题。大多数传统建模仍应用于工业,主要针对各向同性多孔强化材料的流体流动模拟。然而,最近的一些研究开始将编织材料的多尺度和多学科的复杂性纳入考虑范畴,其模拟方法可以提供更高的保真度。尤其考虑到具有渗透性和多孔性的强化材料导致的织物变形效应,新的多物理场流程模拟能够通过织物更好地预测树脂的灌注行为。除了综述与流程模拟相关的前人研究和工艺现状,本文还重点论述了最近关于复杂双圆顶组件的多物理场流程模拟与实验灌注的对比验证。通过考虑变形依赖的流动行为,多物理场流程模拟能够预测实际的流动行为,证明其与基础的各向同性渗透模型相比有很大程度的改进。

Preparation of Composite Phase Change Material Based on Sol-Gel Method and Its Temperature-Adjustable Textile

In this study,the sol-gel method was introduced to prepare the composite phase change material (CPCM). The CPCM was added to fabric with coating techniques and the thermal activity of modified fabric was studied. In addition,the thermal property and the microstructure of CPCM were also discussed in detail by means of polarization microscope and differential scanning calorimeter,respectively. According to the analysis of main influencial factors of the property of CPCM,the optimal preparing technique was determined. It was proved that CPCM could exhibit a good thermal property while phase transformation process took place,and a better appearance of the fabric modified with CPCM could be obtained due to the fact that in a warm circumstance,the liquid-state phase change material could be firmly enwrapped and embedded in the three-dimensional network all the time during the phase transformation. Besides,the fabric treated with CPCM had a high phase-transition enthalpy and an appropriate phase-transition temperature. As a result,a desirable temperature-adjustable function appeared.

Application of the Zisman Critical Surface Tension Technique to Textile Materials Using Contact Angle Measurements

This is the first one that applies the Zisman critical surface tension technique successfully to textile materials. It was accomplished by carefully determination of the contact angle of fabric. The deviation caused by the porous structure of the fabric will be taken into account. To do so, a Jens equation is applied, and the measured contact angles can be corrected. The surface porosity was determined by measurement and approximate calculation, and the chemical composition of the surface was characterized by means of attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared(FTIR/ATR).

Demand Elasticity for China's Major Imported Agriculture Textile Material Based on Restricted Version of Source Differentiated Almost Ideal Demand System Model

By comparing China's import of major imported agriculture textile material( cotton and wool),the characteristics of import are concluded. On this basis,a restricted version of source differentiated almost ideal demand system( RSDAIDS) is used to estimate the income and price elasticity of major imported agriculture textile material from the major sources based on the data from 1992 to 2015. The results are shown as follows.( 1) Although the dependency on imported cotton is lower than wool, the fluctuation of cotton import is much more drastic; China's demand for cotton is relatively price elastic with higher expenditure elasticity compared with wool; besides,the existence of complementarity is proved between imported cotton and wool.( 2) According to the import elasticity of cotton,demand for cotton imported from India shows priority over cotton from other sources; demand for cotton imported from America is the most price-sensitive one; substitution among cotton from different sources is weak.( 3) According to the import elasticity of wool,wool imported from Uruguay has bright market prospects. In addition,wool imported from Australia has irreplaceable advantage than that from New Zealand.

Progress of Materials Science in Space Technology in China(2020-2022)

In this paper,the main research work and related reports of materials science research in China’s space technology field during 2020-2022 are summarized.This paper covers Materials Sciences in Space Environment,Materials Sciences for Space Environment,Materials Behavior in Space Environment and Space experimental hardware for material investigation.With the rapid development of China’s space industry,more scientists will be involved in materials science,space technology and earth science researches.In the future,a series of disciplines such as space science,machinery,artificial intelligence,digital twin and big data will be further integrated with materials science,and space materials will also usher in new development opportunities.

Space Materials Science in China:Ⅱ.Ground-based Researches and Academic Activities

Activities of space materials science research in China have been continuously supported by two main national programs.One is the China Space Station(CSS)program since 1992,and the other is the Strategic Priority Program(SPP)on Space Science since 2011.In CSS plan in 2019,eleven space materials science experimental projects were officially approved for execution during the construction of the space station.In the SPP Phase Ⅱ launched in 2018,seven pre-research projects are deployed as the first batch in 2018,and one concept study project in 2019.These pre-research projects will be cultivated as candidates for future selection as space experiment projects on the recovery of scientific experimental satellites in the future.A new apparatus of electrostatic levitation system for ground-based research of space materials science and rapid solidification research has been developed under the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.In order to promote domestic academic activities and to enhance the advancement of space materials science in China,the Space Materials Science and Technology Division belong to the Chinese Materials Research Society was established in 2019.We also organized scientists to write five review papers on space materials science as a special topic published in the journal Scientia Sinica to provide valuable scientific and technical references for Chinese researchers.

Creative Economy and Materials Science & Engineering

New materials are fundamental to the growth,security,and quality of life of human being sand open doors to technologies in civil,chemical,nuclear,aeronautical,mechanical,biomedical,and electrical engineering.Creative companies use multiple materials in the development of their activities,such as solid stone,fiber glass,concrete,and glass reinforced concrete,for example.Based on bibliographic research,the article examines the synergy between materials science&engineering and creative economy.The main argument indicates that this synergy creates solutions and functionalities that add value to existing products and allow the development of new products with competitive advantages.It may also contribute to the preservation of cultural values and promote sustainability.

Baichuan Science & Technology Regenerated Colored Yarn Products Conference and Green Textile Exchange Conference held in Shanghai

On September 25th, advised by China Chemical Fibers Association, and sponsored by Fujian Baichuan Resources Recycling Science & Technology Co., Ltd.,“Baichuan Products, Colorful Recycling - Baichuan Science & Technology Regenerated Colored Yarn Products Conference and Green Textile Exchange Conference" was convened in Shanghai. At this conference, the project of "Baichuan re-generated waterless dyeing colored yam supermarket” was officially launched. The start of this project has solved three key problems well: first, environmental problems have been solved.

Investigation of Atmospheric Plasma Discharge and Its Application to Surface Modification of Textile Materials

In this paper, an improved quasi-stable atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma source is achieved after carefully controlled discharge voltage and current, discharge power, working gas, treatment period, and gap between the electrodes. This plasma source has been used to modify the surface of Polybutylene Terephthalate (PBT) melt-blown nonwovens and Polyester (PET) fabrics, and the various influences on surface modification and the aging effect of treated polymeric materials have been systematically investigated. In addition, the method of spectrum analysis is also used for diagnosing plasma parameters such as electron temperature. Experimental results indicate that both the wettablity and permeation of treated PBT melt-blown nonwovens and dyeing ability of treated PET fabrics are certainly improved.