The Lady or the Tiger是美国法兰克·史塔顿1882年出版的一部著名悲剧短篇小说。小说从践踏生命权、漠视尊严权的人权悲剧叙事开始,描述了一个充满悲凉和残酷的社会悲剧现状,并借此引出人物悲剧。在个人悲剧叙事部分,小说对人物内...The Lady or the Tiger是美国法兰克·史塔顿1882年出版的一部著名悲剧短篇小说。小说从践踏生命权、漠视尊严权的人权悲剧叙事开始,描述了一个充满悲凉和残酷的社会悲剧现状,并借此引出人物悲剧。在个人悲剧叙事部分,小说对人物内心的伦理纠结进行了详尽叙述。整个小说交替使用非聚焦型叙事方式和声音叙事方式,从视觉和听觉上强化悲剧的冲击力和震撼力。小说的字里行间从始至终弥漫着无奈的悲情色彩,悲剧情节扣人心弦。展开更多
This paper reviewed the present status of research about tiger in China. At present, four survival subspecies are endangered in China. Tiger has decreased greatly in number, and its distribution has limited to some ar...This paper reviewed the present status of research about tiger in China. At present, four survival subspecies are endangered in China. Tiger has decreased greatly in number, and its distribution has limited to some areas. The published papers on morphology and anatomy were relatively few, while much work has been done on physiology and biochemistry of captive tigers. The author pointed out a few further research fields. The studies of chromosomes, gene, cloning and establishment of gene bank should be mostly focusing fields. Feeding and breeding techniques must be improved and reinforced.展开更多
As one of five survived tiger subspecies, the South-China tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis) specially disperses in China. This paper dedicated distribution and quantity of wild South-China tiger, and also introduced d...As one of five survived tiger subspecies, the South-China tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis) specially disperses in China. This paper dedicated distribution and quantity of wild South-China tiger, and also introduced distribution, quantity and pedigree of captive South-China tiger. In the middle of this century, about several thousands South-China tiger distributed in following provinces, such as Hunan, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Hubei, Sichuan, Henan, Shanxi, Shanxi, Gansu. etc. Until now, there are only about 20–30 wild South-China tigers distributing in the provinces of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, and Hunan, Sichuan, and 50 captive South-China tiger are raised in zoos of China.展开更多
In modern wildlife ecological research,feces is the most common non-invasive source of DNA obtained in the field and polymerase chain reaction(PCR) technology based on microsatellite markers is used to mine genetic in...In modern wildlife ecological research,feces is the most common non-invasive source of DNA obtained in the field and polymerase chain reaction(PCR) technology based on microsatellite markers is used to mine genetic information contained within.This is especially the case for endangered species.However,there are risks associated with this genotyping method because of the poor quality of fecal DNA.In this study,we assessed genotyping risk across 12 microsatellite loci commonly used in previous tiger studies using blood and fecal DNA from captive Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica).To begin,we developed an index termed the accumulated matching rate of genotypes(R)between positive DNA(blood samples) and fecal DNA to explore the correct genotyping probability of a certain microsatellite locus.We found that different microsatelliteloci had different genotyping risks and required different PCR amplification protocols.The genotyping errors we detected altered population genetic parameters and potentially impact subsequent analyses.Based on these findings,we recommend that:(1) four loci(E7,Fca094,Pti007 and Pti010) of 12 loci are not suitable for Amur tiger genetic research because of a low Rand difficulty reaching a stable status;(2) the Rof the 12 microsatellite loci plateaued differently,and considering limited budgets,amplification times of some loci could be increased when using fecal samples; and(3) future genetic analysis of wild Amur tigers should be corrected by genotyping error rates(1-R).展开更多
文摘The Lady or the Tiger是美国法兰克·史塔顿1882年出版的一部著名悲剧短篇小说。小说从践踏生命权、漠视尊严权的人权悲剧叙事开始,描述了一个充满悲凉和残酷的社会悲剧现状,并借此引出人物悲剧。在个人悲剧叙事部分,小说对人物内心的伦理纠结进行了详尽叙述。整个小说交替使用非聚焦型叙事方式和声音叙事方式,从视觉和听觉上强化悲剧的冲击力和震撼力。小说的字里行间从始至终弥漫着无奈的悲情色彩,悲剧情节扣人心弦。
文摘This paper reviewed the present status of research about tiger in China. At present, four survival subspecies are endangered in China. Tiger has decreased greatly in number, and its distribution has limited to some areas. The published papers on morphology and anatomy were relatively few, while much work has been done on physiology and biochemistry of captive tigers. The author pointed out a few further research fields. The studies of chromosomes, gene, cloning and establishment of gene bank should be mostly focusing fields. Feeding and breeding techniques must be improved and reinforced.
文摘As one of five survived tiger subspecies, the South-China tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis) specially disperses in China. This paper dedicated distribution and quantity of wild South-China tiger, and also introduced distribution, quantity and pedigree of captive South-China tiger. In the middle of this century, about several thousands South-China tiger distributed in following provinces, such as Hunan, Jiangxi, Guizhou, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Hubei, Sichuan, Henan, Shanxi, Shanxi, Gansu. etc. Until now, there are only about 20–30 wild South-China tigers distributing in the provinces of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, and Hunan, Sichuan, and 50 captive South-China tiger are raised in zoos of China.
基金financially supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(2572014EA06)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 31572285)Study on Resource Survey Technology for Tiger and Amur Leopard Population(State Forestry Administration)
文摘In modern wildlife ecological research,feces is the most common non-invasive source of DNA obtained in the field and polymerase chain reaction(PCR) technology based on microsatellite markers is used to mine genetic information contained within.This is especially the case for endangered species.However,there are risks associated with this genotyping method because of the poor quality of fecal DNA.In this study,we assessed genotyping risk across 12 microsatellite loci commonly used in previous tiger studies using blood and fecal DNA from captive Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica).To begin,we developed an index termed the accumulated matching rate of genotypes(R)between positive DNA(blood samples) and fecal DNA to explore the correct genotyping probability of a certain microsatellite locus.We found that different microsatelliteloci had different genotyping risks and required different PCR amplification protocols.The genotyping errors we detected altered population genetic parameters and potentially impact subsequent analyses.Based on these findings,we recommend that:(1) four loci(E7,Fca094,Pti007 and Pti010) of 12 loci are not suitable for Amur tiger genetic research because of a low Rand difficulty reaching a stable status;(2) the Rof the 12 microsatellite loci plateaued differently,and considering limited budgets,amplification times of some loci could be increased when using fecal samples; and(3) future genetic analysis of wild Amur tigers should be corrected by genotyping error rates(1-R).
