The types,occurrence and composition of authigenic clay minerals in argillaceous limestone of sepiolite-bearing strata of the first member of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation(Mao-1 Member)in eastern Sichuan Basin w...The types,occurrence and composition of authigenic clay minerals in argillaceous limestone of sepiolite-bearing strata of the first member of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation(Mao-1 Member)in eastern Sichuan Basin were investigated through outcrop section measurement,core observation,thin section identification,argon ion polishing,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,energy spectrum analysis and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.The diagenetic evolution sequence of clay minerals was clarified,and the sedimentary-diagenetic evolution model of clay minerals was established.The results show that authigenic sepiolite minerals were precipitated in the Si4+and Mg2+-rich cool aragonite sea and sepiolite-bearing strata were formed in the Mao-1 Member.During burial diagenesis,authigenic clay minerals undergo two possible evolution sequences.First,from the early diagenetic stage A to the middle diagenetic stage A1,the sepiolite kept stable in the shallow-buried environment lack of Al3+.It began to transform into stevensite in the middle diagenetic stage A2,and then evolved into disordered talc in the middle diagenetic stage B1and finally into talc in the period from the middle diagenetic stage B2to the late diagenetic stage.Thus,the primary diagenetic evolution sequence of authigenic clay minerals,i.e.sepiolite-stevensite-disordered talc-talc,was formed in the Mao-1 Member.Second,in the early diagenetic stage A,as Al3+carried by the storm and upwelling currents was involved in the diagenetic process,trace of sepiolite started to evolve into smectite,and a part of smectite turned into chlorite.From the early diagenetic stage B to the middle diagenesis stage A1,a part of smectite evolved to illite/smectite mixed layer(I/S).The I/S evolved initially into illite from the middle diagenesis stage A2to the middle diagenesis stage B2,and then totally into illite in the late diagenesis stage.Thus,the secondary diagenetic evolution sequence of authigenic clay minerals,i.e.sepiolite-smectite-chlorite/illite,was formed in the Mao-1 Member.The types and evolution of authigenic clay minerals in argillaceous limestone of sepiolite-bearing strata are significant for petroleum geology in two aspects.First,sepiolite can adsorb and accumulate a large amount of organic matters,thereby effectively improving the quality and hydrocarbon generation potential of the source rocks of the Mao-1 Member.Second,the evolution from sepiolite to talc is accompanied by the formation of numerous organic matter pores and clay shrinkage pores/fractures,as well as the releasing of the Mg2+-rich diagenetic fluid,which allows for the dolomitization of limestone within or around the sag.As a result,the new assemblages of self-generation and self-accumulation,and lower/side source and upper/lateral reservoir,are created in the Middle Permian,enhancing the hydrocarbon accumulation efficiency.展开更多
目的观察单胺氧化酶A(monoamine oxidase A,MAO-A)对与3T3-L1脂肪细胞共培养的原代新生大鼠心肌细胞(neonatal rat cardiomyocyte,NRCM)脂质沉积的影响及机制。方法选取40只出生1~3天的SD大鼠心肌细胞与3T3-L1脂肪细胞构建NRCM/3T3-L1...目的观察单胺氧化酶A(monoamine oxidase A,MAO-A)对与3T3-L1脂肪细胞共培养的原代新生大鼠心肌细胞(neonatal rat cardiomyocyte,NRCM)脂质沉积的影响及机制。方法选取40只出生1~3天的SD大鼠心肌细胞与3T3-L1脂肪细胞构建NRCM/3T3-L1共培养体系,并加入棕榈酸(palmitic acid,PA),模拟肥胖时心肌细胞所处的内环境。将细胞分为对照组、PA组、去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)组、过氧化氢(hydrogen peroxide,H 2O 2)组、NE+CLG组、氯吉兰(clorgyline,CLG)组。采用α横纹肌肌动蛋白评估心肌细胞的纯度和面积,实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,RT-qPCR)测定心肌细胞内心房利钠肽(atrial natriuretic peptide,ANP)的mRNA水平,免疫荧光染色测定心肌细胞内活性氧簇水平(reactive oxygen species,ROS),油红O染色评估心肌细胞内脂质沉积,Western blot法测定心肌细胞内MAO-A、JNK的蛋白及磷酸化水平。结果与对照组比较,PA组心肌细胞面积(14.681±0.481μm^(2) vs 19.932±0.220μm^(2),P<0.01)增大,ANP的相对mRNA水平(1.006±0.017 vs 1.914±0.152,P<0.01)、MAO-A的相对蛋白水平(0.117±0.022 vs 0.430±0.092,P<0.01)、ROS水平(0.001±0.001 vs 0.004±0.002,P<0.01)、脂滴面积比(0.001±0.001 vs 0.054±0.002,P<0.01)及p-JNK的相对蛋白水平(0.032±0.007 vs 0.263±0.119,P<0.05)均增加。与PA组比较,NE明显增加心肌细胞内MAO-A的相对蛋白水平(0.430±0.092 vs 1.114±0.091,P<0.01)和ROS水平(0.004±0.002 vs 0.013±0.001,P<0.01)。另外,NE和H 2O 2均能增加心肌细胞脂滴面积比(0.054±0.002 vs 0.106±0.005,P<0.05;0.054±0.002 vs 0.092±0.002,P<0.01)和p-JNK的相对蛋白水平(0.263±0.119 vs 0.969±0.082,P<0.05;0.263±0.119 vs 0.640±0.101,P<0.05)。CLG可明显改善NE诱导的异常。结论MAO-A相对蛋白水平增加会加重与3T3-L1脂肪细胞共培养的心肌细胞内的氧化应激和脂质沉积,其机制可能与ROS/JNK信号级联反应激活有关。展开更多
Objective:To investigate the mechanism of the effect of Daodi Tongguan Decoction on ovarian function in rats with premature ovarian failure.Methods:Forty SD female rats with regular estrous cycle were randomly divided...Objective:To investigate the mechanism of the effect of Daodi Tongguan Decoction on ovarian function in rats with premature ovarian failure.Methods:Forty SD female rats with regular estrous cycle were randomly divided into the blank group,the model group,the positive group(Bujiale 0.099 mg/kg),the Daodigitongguan decoction high-dose group(1.4 g/100 g)and the Daodigitongguan decoction medium-dose group(0.7 g/100 g).The model group,positive group,Daodi Tongguan Decoction high-dose group and Daodi Tongguan decoction medium-dose group were given Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablets suspension(50 mg/kg)by continuous gavage for 14 days to establish a rat model of premature ovarian failure.After the modeling,each group was given the corresponding intervention agent for 28 consecutive days.After the intervention,serum and ovarian tissue were collected from rats in each group.The morphological structure of rat ovarian tissue was observed after HE staining.Serum AMH level was determined by ELISA.The expressions of Bcl-2,Bax and VEGF in ovarian tissue were detected by IHC.The apoptosis of granulosa cells in ovary was observed by TUNEL.Results:Compared to the normal group,the growth follicles in the model group were reduced and the atretic follicles were increased.Serum AMH level was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The expression of Bax protein in ovarian tissue was increased(P<0.01).The protein expressions of Bcl-2 and VEGF were decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the apoptosis rate of follicular granulosa cells in ovarian tissue was increased(P<0.01).Compared to the molding group,the serum AMH level in the TCM dose groups was increased to varying degrees,and the change of the AMH in high-dose group was the most significant(P<0.05).The expression of Bax protein in ovarian tissue decreased(P<0.05),while the expression of Bcl-2 and VEGF protein increased(P<0.05,P<0.05).The apoptosis rate of follicular granulosa cells in ovarian tissue was decreased in the high dose group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Daodi Tongguan Decoction can improve the histological morphology of ovary and relieve ovarian injury,and its mechanism may be related to improving the sex hormone level of POF model rats,reducing the expression level of Bax protein in ovarian tissue,increasing the expression level of Bcl-2 and VEGF protein in ovarian tissue,and reducing the apoptosis rate of follicular granulosa cells in ovarian tissue.展开更多
The Mao Dun Literature Prize is one of the well-known literary awards in China,and in the process of selection over the years,the Mao Dun Literature Prize has developed its own aesthetic orientation.A comparison is ma...The Mao Dun Literature Prize is one of the well-known literary awards in China,and in the process of selection over the years,the Mao Dun Literature Prize has developed its own aesthetic orientation.A comparison is made between the early generation of Xu Mao and His Daughters and the recent award-winning work,A Tale of the Wind,to discover the aesthetic heritage in its flux,which is enlightening for the literary criticism and an orientation for the literary creators.展开更多
This paper explores Mao Zedong’s early views on physical education and practice,focusing on the“Six-Section Exercise”he created.The exercise,which integrates elements from traditional health-preserving techniques,g...This paper explores Mao Zedong’s early views on physical education and practice,focusing on the“Six-Section Exercise”he created.The exercise,which integrates elements from traditional health-preserving techniques,gymnastics,boxing,and military training,was designed to promote balanced physical development,be practical and effective,and require less time per session.The paper argues that Mao Zedong’s views on physical education were grounded in the belief that it could effectively transform individuals and contribute to the creation of a strong sports nation.The paper also discusses the historical context and social trends behind the creation of the“Six-Section Exercise”,including the New Culture Movement and debates between Chinese and Western,static and dynamic,and new and old approaches to physical education.The paper concludes by suggesting that Mao Zedong’s early sports thinking has significant academic value and can provide guidance for the construction of a healthy China today.展开更多
基金Supported by the Enterprise Innovation and Development Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China(U19B6003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41872150)。
文摘The types,occurrence and composition of authigenic clay minerals in argillaceous limestone of sepiolite-bearing strata of the first member of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation(Mao-1 Member)in eastern Sichuan Basin were investigated through outcrop section measurement,core observation,thin section identification,argon ion polishing,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,energy spectrum analysis and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.The diagenetic evolution sequence of clay minerals was clarified,and the sedimentary-diagenetic evolution model of clay minerals was established.The results show that authigenic sepiolite minerals were precipitated in the Si4+and Mg2+-rich cool aragonite sea and sepiolite-bearing strata were formed in the Mao-1 Member.During burial diagenesis,authigenic clay minerals undergo two possible evolution sequences.First,from the early diagenetic stage A to the middle diagenetic stage A1,the sepiolite kept stable in the shallow-buried environment lack of Al3+.It began to transform into stevensite in the middle diagenetic stage A2,and then evolved into disordered talc in the middle diagenetic stage B1and finally into talc in the period from the middle diagenetic stage B2to the late diagenetic stage.Thus,the primary diagenetic evolution sequence of authigenic clay minerals,i.e.sepiolite-stevensite-disordered talc-talc,was formed in the Mao-1 Member.Second,in the early diagenetic stage A,as Al3+carried by the storm and upwelling currents was involved in the diagenetic process,trace of sepiolite started to evolve into smectite,and a part of smectite turned into chlorite.From the early diagenetic stage B to the middle diagenesis stage A1,a part of smectite evolved to illite/smectite mixed layer(I/S).The I/S evolved initially into illite from the middle diagenesis stage A2to the middle diagenesis stage B2,and then totally into illite in the late diagenesis stage.Thus,the secondary diagenetic evolution sequence of authigenic clay minerals,i.e.sepiolite-smectite-chlorite/illite,was formed in the Mao-1 Member.The types and evolution of authigenic clay minerals in argillaceous limestone of sepiolite-bearing strata are significant for petroleum geology in two aspects.First,sepiolite can adsorb and accumulate a large amount of organic matters,thereby effectively improving the quality and hydrocarbon generation potential of the source rocks of the Mao-1 Member.Second,the evolution from sepiolite to talc is accompanied by the formation of numerous organic matter pores and clay shrinkage pores/fractures,as well as the releasing of the Mg2+-rich diagenetic fluid,which allows for the dolomitization of limestone within or around the sag.As a result,the new assemblages of self-generation and self-accumulation,and lower/side source and upper/lateral reservoir,are created in the Middle Permian,enhancing the hydrocarbon accumulation efficiency.
文摘目的观察单胺氧化酶A(monoamine oxidase A,MAO-A)对与3T3-L1脂肪细胞共培养的原代新生大鼠心肌细胞(neonatal rat cardiomyocyte,NRCM)脂质沉积的影响及机制。方法选取40只出生1~3天的SD大鼠心肌细胞与3T3-L1脂肪细胞构建NRCM/3T3-L1共培养体系,并加入棕榈酸(palmitic acid,PA),模拟肥胖时心肌细胞所处的内环境。将细胞分为对照组、PA组、去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)组、过氧化氢(hydrogen peroxide,H 2O 2)组、NE+CLG组、氯吉兰(clorgyline,CLG)组。采用α横纹肌肌动蛋白评估心肌细胞的纯度和面积,实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,RT-qPCR)测定心肌细胞内心房利钠肽(atrial natriuretic peptide,ANP)的mRNA水平,免疫荧光染色测定心肌细胞内活性氧簇水平(reactive oxygen species,ROS),油红O染色评估心肌细胞内脂质沉积,Western blot法测定心肌细胞内MAO-A、JNK的蛋白及磷酸化水平。结果与对照组比较,PA组心肌细胞面积(14.681±0.481μm^(2) vs 19.932±0.220μm^(2),P<0.01)增大,ANP的相对mRNA水平(1.006±0.017 vs 1.914±0.152,P<0.01)、MAO-A的相对蛋白水平(0.117±0.022 vs 0.430±0.092,P<0.01)、ROS水平(0.001±0.001 vs 0.004±0.002,P<0.01)、脂滴面积比(0.001±0.001 vs 0.054±0.002,P<0.01)及p-JNK的相对蛋白水平(0.032±0.007 vs 0.263±0.119,P<0.05)均增加。与PA组比较,NE明显增加心肌细胞内MAO-A的相对蛋白水平(0.430±0.092 vs 1.114±0.091,P<0.01)和ROS水平(0.004±0.002 vs 0.013±0.001,P<0.01)。另外,NE和H 2O 2均能增加心肌细胞脂滴面积比(0.054±0.002 vs 0.106±0.005,P<0.05;0.054±0.002 vs 0.092±0.002,P<0.01)和p-JNK的相对蛋白水平(0.263±0.119 vs 0.969±0.082,P<0.05;0.263±0.119 vs 0.640±0.101,P<0.05)。CLG可明显改善NE诱导的异常。结论MAO-A相对蛋白水平增加会加重与3T3-L1脂肪细胞共培养的心肌细胞内的氧化应激和脂质沉积,其机制可能与ROS/JNK信号级联反应激活有关。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81360594)Autonomous Region Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Development Special Fund Project‑Luo Zhijuan Guangxi Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Studio Construction Project(No.[2022]2)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the mechanism of the effect of Daodi Tongguan Decoction on ovarian function in rats with premature ovarian failure.Methods:Forty SD female rats with regular estrous cycle were randomly divided into the blank group,the model group,the positive group(Bujiale 0.099 mg/kg),the Daodigitongguan decoction high-dose group(1.4 g/100 g)and the Daodigitongguan decoction medium-dose group(0.7 g/100 g).The model group,positive group,Daodi Tongguan Decoction high-dose group and Daodi Tongguan decoction medium-dose group were given Tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside tablets suspension(50 mg/kg)by continuous gavage for 14 days to establish a rat model of premature ovarian failure.After the modeling,each group was given the corresponding intervention agent for 28 consecutive days.After the intervention,serum and ovarian tissue were collected from rats in each group.The morphological structure of rat ovarian tissue was observed after HE staining.Serum AMH level was determined by ELISA.The expressions of Bcl-2,Bax and VEGF in ovarian tissue were detected by IHC.The apoptosis of granulosa cells in ovary was observed by TUNEL.Results:Compared to the normal group,the growth follicles in the model group were reduced and the atretic follicles were increased.Serum AMH level was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The expression of Bax protein in ovarian tissue was increased(P<0.01).The protein expressions of Bcl-2 and VEGF were decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the apoptosis rate of follicular granulosa cells in ovarian tissue was increased(P<0.01).Compared to the molding group,the serum AMH level in the TCM dose groups was increased to varying degrees,and the change of the AMH in high-dose group was the most significant(P<0.05).The expression of Bax protein in ovarian tissue decreased(P<0.05),while the expression of Bcl-2 and VEGF protein increased(P<0.05,P<0.05).The apoptosis rate of follicular granulosa cells in ovarian tissue was decreased in the high dose group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Daodi Tongguan Decoction can improve the histological morphology of ovary and relieve ovarian injury,and its mechanism may be related to improving the sex hormone level of POF model rats,reducing the expression level of Bax protein in ovarian tissue,increasing the expression level of Bcl-2 and VEGF protein in ovarian tissue,and reducing the apoptosis rate of follicular granulosa cells in ovarian tissue.
文摘The Mao Dun Literature Prize is one of the well-known literary awards in China,and in the process of selection over the years,the Mao Dun Literature Prize has developed its own aesthetic orientation.A comparison is made between the early generation of Xu Mao and His Daughters and the recent award-winning work,A Tale of the Wind,to discover the aesthetic heritage in its flux,which is enlightening for the literary criticism and an orientation for the literary creators.
文摘This paper explores Mao Zedong’s early views on physical education and practice,focusing on the“Six-Section Exercise”he created.The exercise,which integrates elements from traditional health-preserving techniques,gymnastics,boxing,and military training,was designed to promote balanced physical development,be practical and effective,and require less time per session.The paper argues that Mao Zedong’s views on physical education were grounded in the belief that it could effectively transform individuals and contribute to the creation of a strong sports nation.The paper also discusses the historical context and social trends behind the creation of the“Six-Section Exercise”,including the New Culture Movement and debates between Chinese and Western,static and dynamic,and new and old approaches to physical education.The paper concludes by suggesting that Mao Zedong’s early sports thinking has significant academic value and can provide guidance for the construction of a healthy China today.
