如何规范陈述语文教学目标

教学过程中教师教学目标的设定不仅仅是帮教师明确教学目的,更要有利于提高学生的学习效果,真正实现有效课堂教学。本文作者据多年语文教学经验,对教学目标设定所产生的教学效果有深刻体会：明确教学目标设置的主体对象,设定具体、明晰可检测的教学目标,正确、详细表述教师对学生的学习效果期望,等等,这些是达到语文课堂有效教学的前提与基础。本文从以上几个方面对明确、规范教学目标作详细表述。

Propagation of Lorentz–Gaussian Beams in Strongly Nonlocal Nonlinear Media

In this paper the propagation of Lorentz–Gaussian beams in strongly nonlinear nonlocal media is investigated by the ABCD matrix method. For this purpose, an expression for field distribution during propagation is derived and based on it, the propagation of Lorentz–Gaussian beams is simulated in this media. Then, the evolutions of beam width and curvature radius during propagation are discussed.