Aviation Accident Causation Analysis Based on Complex Network Theory

Accident causation analysis is of great importance for accident prevention.In order to improve the aviation safety,a new analysis method of aviation accident causation based on complex network theory is proposed in this paper.Through selecting 257 accident investigation reports,45 causative factors and nine accident types are obtained by the three-level coding process of the grounded theory,and the interaction of these factors is analyzed based on the“2-4”model.Accordingly,the aviation accident causation network is constructed based on complex network theory which has scale-free characteristics and small-world properties,the characteristics of causative factors are analyzed by the topology of the network,and the key causative factors of the accidents are identified by the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)method.The comparison results show that the method proposed in this paper has the advantages of independent of expert experience,quantitative analysis of accident causative factors and statistical analysis of a lot of accident data,and it has better applicability and advancement.

Cause Analysis of Consumer‑Grade UAV Accidents Based on Grounded Theory‑Bayesian Network

In order to reduce the accident rate of consumer-grade unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)in daily use scenarios,the accident causes are analyzed based on the accident cases of consumer-grade UAVs.By extracting accident causing factors based on the Grounded theory,the relationship between these factors is analyzed.The Bayesian network for consumer-grade UAV accidents is constructed.With the Grounded theory-Bayesian network,the probability of four types of accidents is inferred:fall,air collision,disappearance,and personal injury.With the posterior probability of each factor being reversely reasoned,the causal chain with the maximum probability of each accident is obtained.After the sensitivity of each factor is analyzed,the key nodes in the network accordingly are inferred.Then the causing factors of consumer-grade UAV accidents are analyzed.The results show that the probability of fall accident is the highest,the fall accident is associated with the probabilistic maximum causal chain of personal injury,and the sensitivity analysis results of each type of accident as the result node are inconsistent.

A dynamic food-chain model and program for predicting the consequences of nuclear accident

A dynamic food chain model and program, DYFOM 95, for predicting the radiological consequences of nuclear accident has been developed, which is not only suitable to the West food chain but also to Chinese food chain. The following processes, caused by accident release which will make an impact on radionuclide concentration in the edible parts of vegetable were considered: dry and wet deposition interception and initial retention, translocation, percolation, root uptake and tillage. Activity intake rate of animals, effects of processing and activity intake of human through ingestion pathway ware also considered in calculations. The effects of leaf area index LAI of vegetable were considered in dry deposition model. A method for calculating the contribution of rain with different period and different intensity to total wet deposition was established. The program contains 1 main code and 5 sub codes to calculate dry and wet deposition on surface of vegetable and soil, translocation of nuclides in vegetable, nuclide concentration in the edible parts of vegetable and in animal products and activity intake of human and so on.

Integration Theory and Optimal Application of the Traffic Accident Management System

With the development of the social economy,the traditional transportation mode will be replaced by the new mode which emphasizes the integration and cooperation between the transportation modes.The advent of automobilization in China has further intensified the pressure of the road traffic.The traffic jam alarm caused by the traffic accidents is increasing year by year.The minor accidents that can be dealt with quickly account for more than 70%of the traffic accidents.Traditionally,when dealing with the minor accidents,car owners often choose to stay on the spot and wait for the traffic police to deal with them.It is easy to cause"minor accidents and big traffic jams",which lead to the congestion of a road,a bridge and even a block.

MESHING THEORY AND DESIGN METHOD OF NEW SILENT CHAIN AND SPROCKET

Based on the study of the meshing theory of a new silent chain and sprockets, and the rolling cutting theory of sprocket and hob, the harmonious relations of dominating dimensions among the new silent chain, sprocket and hob is build, the meshing conditions are expatiated, and the resolved expression, which can instruct design and calculation, is educed. The tests show that the meshing design method is feasible.

Supply Chain Commitment Contract Model Based on Uncertainty Theory under Uncertain Market Information

Based on the uncertainty theory, market demand information updating as the background, we study the coordination and optimization problem of three-stage supply chain in this paper. In half a asymmetric market information, participants are risk neutral;under the situation of the manufacturers and wholesalers having twice pre-season decision-making opportunity, wholesalers can be replenished in the season;manufacturers join the lowest supply contract of commitment: manufacturers for exchanging the information that they cannot get directly from the market will promise wholesalers to have a season lowest supply in pre-season. According to this contract, we establish optimization models of manufacturers and wholesalers respectively, and get the optimal strategy of supply chain members by analyzing the supply chain system. Finally, by giving a numerical example and comparing the results with that under random circumstances, the result is reasonable.

Dyson–Maleev theory of an X X Z ferrimagnetic spin chain with single-ion anisotropy

We use the mean-field approximation of Dyson–Maleev representation to study an XXZ Heisenberg ferrimagnetic spin chain with single-ion anisotropy. By solving the self-consistent equations with different anisotropies, λ and D respectively,the energy spectrums, internal energy, static susceptibility and specific heat are calculated. Especially, the quantum phase transition of the magnetization plateau induced by single-ion anisotropy D is obtained in the model of the ferrimagnetic spin chain by using Dyson–Maleev mean-field theory.

Motor vehicle accidents: How should cirrhotic patients be managed?

Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are serious social issues worldwide and driver illness is an important cause of MVAs. Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is a com- plex cognitive dysfunction with attention deficit, which frequently occurs in cirrhotic patients independent of severity of liver disease. Although MHE is known as a risk factor for MVAs, the impact of diagnosis and treatment of MHE on MVA-related societal costs is largely unknown. Recently, Bajaj et al demonstrated valuable findings that the diagnosis of MHE by rapid screening using the inhibitory control test (ICT), and subsequent treatment with lactulose could substantially reduce the societal costs by preventing MVAs. Besides the ICT and lactulose, there are various diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies for MHE. In this commentary, we discussed a current issue of diagnostic tools for MHE, including neuropsychological tests. We also discussed the advantages of the other therapeutic strategies for MHE, such as intake of a regular breakfast and coffee, and supplementation with zinc and branched chain amino acids, on the MVA-related societal costs.

INVESTIGATION ON KANE DYNAMIC EQUATIONSBASED ON SCREW THEORY FOR OPEN-CHAIN MANIPULATORS

First,screw theory,product of exponential formulas and Jacobian matrix are introduced.Then definitions are given about active force wrench,inertial force wrench,partial velocity twist,generalized active force,and generalized inertial force according to screw theory.After that Kane dynamic equations based on screw theory for open-chain manipulators have been derived. Later on how to compute the partial velocity twist by geometrical method is illustrated. Finally the correctness of conclusions is verified by example.

A polyene chain of canthaxanthin investigated by temperature-dependent resonance Raman spectra and density functional theory (DFT) calculations

We report on a temperature-dependent resonance Raman spectral characterization of the polyene chain of canthax- anthin. It is observed that all vibrational intensities of the polyene chain are inversely proportional to temperature, which is analyzed by the resonance Raman effect and the coherent weakly damped electron/lattice vibrations. The increase in intensity of the CC overtone/combination relative to the fundamental with temperature decreasing is detected and discussed in terms of electron/phonon coupling and the activation energy Uop. Moreover, the polyene chain studies using the density functional theory B3LYP/6-31 G＊ level reveal a prominent peak at 1525 cm-1 consisting of two closely spaced modes that are both dominated by C=C stretching coordinates of the polyene chain.

A Thermodynamic Model for square-well Chain Fluid:Theory and Monte Carlo Simulation

A thermodynamic model for the freely jointed square-well chain fluids was developed based on the thermodynamic perturbation theory of Barker-Henderson, Zhang and Wertheim. In this derivation Zhang’s expressions for square-well monomers improved from Barker-Henderson compressibility approximation were adopted as the reference fluid, and Wertheim’s polymerization method was used to obtain the free energy term due to the bond connectivity. An analytic expression for the Helmholtz free energy of the square-well chain fluids was obtained. The expression without adjustable parameters leads to the thermodynamic consistent predictions of the compressibility factors, residual internal energy and constant-volume heat capacity for dimer, 4-mer, 8-mer and 16-mer square-well fluids. The results are in good agreement with the Monte Carlo simulation. To obtain the MC data of residual internal energy and the constant-volume heat capacity needed, NVT MC simulations were performed for these square-well chain fluids.

Investigation of vapour-liquid nucleation properties for spherical and chain-like fluids by density functional theory

The excess Helmholtz free energy functional for nonpolar chain-like molecules is formulated in terms of a weighted density approximation （WDA） for short-range interactions and a Weaks Chandler Andersen （WCA） approximation and a Barker Henderson （BH） theory for long-range attraction. Within the framework of density functional theory （DFT）, vapour liquid interracial properties including density profile and surface tension, and vapour-liquid nucleation properties including density profile, work of formation and number of particles are investigated for spherical and chain- like molecules. The obtained vapour liquid surface tension and the number of particles in critical nucleus for Lennard- Jones （L J） fluids are consistent with the simulation results. The influences of supersaturation, temperature and chain length on vapour liquid nucleation properties are discussed.

Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products Supply-Chain Finance Based on D-S Theory

Agricultural products supply-chain finance, as one of the solutions to the issue of “capital problems” of agriculture, countryside and farmers, has proposed a kind of characteristics model to assess the risk of agricultural production, processing and marketing, which can improve the issue of farmers and enterprises lacking of funds. This model is proposed on the basis of uncertain information processing method of D-S theory and its data combination rules, combined with the “discount rate” correction model, and it includes a risk assessment index system of agricultural products supply-chain finance, fully considering the five aspects of production, processing, marketing, cooperation of supply chain and collateral. At last, a taro supply chain is taken for example. And the risk assessment of its supply-chain finance based on this model has been discussed in detail. And the result has proved that the model and its algorithm are practical and feasible.

Study on coal mines accidents based on the grey relational analysis

The subject investigated the system of people-machine-environment in coal mines.The coal mines working process was researched and the theory of grey system was applied to analyze coal mines safety accidents and those relevant factors.This re- search reveals that this analysis method is easy and highly available and the result is of great credibility,which can not only provide theoretical supports to the quantitative study of coal mines safety accident,but offer basis for coal mines companies' safety management.

Rural Planning Based on Landscape Information Chain Theory: A Case Study of Jiabi Village in Maoba County, Lichuan City

As the most important part of the construction of beautiful countryside, village planning plays a crucial role in the construction of beautiful countryside. How to construct a beautiful village with prominent regional characteristics in line with rural natural resources and traditional culture turns out be a problem demanding prompt solution in current theoretical research and practical exploration. With the introduction of the landscape information chain theory, Jiabi Village in Maoba Town, Lichuan City was taken for example to create a complete landscape information chain where tea culture dominates and different cultures intermingle by excavating local landscape information elements, creating landscape information places, and constructing landscape information corridor, so as to create a distinctive beautiful vil age in western Hubei and accord with its positioning of "China's tea homestay culture village" and "China's couplet tea village".

A Comparative Analysis of English and Chinese News on MH370 Accident from the Appraisal Perspective

Appraisal Theory is a further development of interpersonal function in systemic functional linguistics. Based on the subsystem-attitude system in Appraisal Theory, an attempt is made to conduct a comparative analysis of attitudinal resources in English and Chinese news on MH370 accident. Meanwhile, certain attitudes or stances conveyed by the authors of these news will be revealed through some typical examples. Both quantitative and qualitative methods are adopted in the present study to make a statistical and interpretive analysis of the collected materials. It is found that both English and Chinese news contain many attitudinal resources. There are similarities and differences concerning the distribution of attitudinal resources between English and Chinese news. The findings suggest that though news is expected to be objective and factual, it may imply the authors＇ subjective attitudes to some extent. So readers should get hang of the different opinions and stances hidden behind different news reporting so as to improve abilities to appreciate and differentiate different news.

Hazard Mitigation through a Systemic Model of Accident to a Socio-Technical System： A Case Study

This paper presents the STAMP （system-theoretic accident modeling and processes） accident model, based on systems theory, and describes its application in the context of risk prevention related to the remediation of contaminated sediments. The implementation of the model is described, and results are presented both in methodological and technical terms. The goal of this article is to emphasize the need of new approaches to take into account hazards and accidents within socio-technical systems.

Supply Chain Management Analysis and Design for a Variety of Economic Scenarios, Including Data and System Administration

Due to the rapid progress of information technology, organizations anticipate significant changes in the planning, scheduling, and optimization aspects of operation and supply chain management (SCM) shortly. Two primary types of risk have an impact on supply chain management and design. The first group deals with the difficulties in matching supply and demand, whereas the second group deals with disruptions to regular business operations. The essay offers a theoretical framework that combines the cooperative efforts of risk assessment and mitigation, which are critical for effectively handling potential supply chain interruptions. This content provides insightful viewpoints on the strategic resources and operational structure needed to improve organizational success. We utilized the partial least squares (PLS) method to address the problem of multicollinearity and measurement mistakes in examining cause-and-effect constructs. The statistical method, Least Squares (PLS), used in structural equation modeling, is based on partial variance. The Partial Least Squares (PLS) strategy uses a two-stage estimate procedure to calculate weights, loadings, and route estimations. Initially, several simple and complex regressions were performed with the provided model. The procedure was repeated until a solution was found, resulting in a set of weights used to determine the latent variable scores. In the second step, non-iterative PLS regression yields loadings, path coefficients, mean scores, and location parameters. According to the structural study, implementing Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) can significantly improve a business’s operational and financial performance. The findings offer a comprehensive understanding of several elements of supply chain management (SSCM), including information systems, organizational configurations, supply chain network architecture (SCND), and supply chain strategy (SCS). The supply chain is essential for effectively moving goods over great distances and encouraging cooperation between parties. Therefore, these connections are established precisely, quickly, and cheaply via a knowledgeable and efficient supply chain. Two key components are necessary for a supply chain (SC) to be successful: efficient collaboration and the smooth integration of information-sharing platforms.

How Sense of Ritual in Tourism Impacts Tourists’Co-Creation of Tourism Experience Values:A Study Based on the Theory of Value Co-Creation

Establishing a sense of ritual within tourism consumption scenarios offers tourists the opportunity for interactive engagement.Drawing upon the value co-creation theory,this study constructed an influence mechanism model to examine tourists'active engagement in the process of co-creating tourism experience values.It employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM)to empirically test the proposed hypotheses.The findings demonstrate that the model constructed in the present study exhibits robust reliability,validity,and explanatory power.The perception of the sense of ritual in tourism exerts a significant positive influence on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values,thereby significantly enhancing both the communitas and flow experienced by tourists during their travels.Moreover,such communitas and flow can mediate the influence of the sense of ritual in tourism on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values.This study contributes to advancing the current research on tourists’co-creation of tourism experience values and the sense of ritual in tourism,thereby providing theoretical foundations for cultivating a sense of ritual within tourism consumption scenarios.

Supply chain coordination mechanisms under asymmetric information with retailer cost disruptions

A two-level supply chain model involving one supplier and one retailer with linear demand is developed, and supply chain coordination mechanisms under asymmetric information （the retailer＇ s cost structure is asymmetric information） are proposed by employing game theory in two scenarios： coordination mechanisms under asymmetric information in a regular scenario （without disruption）; and coordination mechanisms under asymmetric information in an irregular scenario （ with retailer cost disruptions）. It is optimal for the supply chain to maintain the original production plan and to guarantee a steadily running system if variations of retailer costs are sufficiently low and do not exceed an upper bound. This shows that the original production plan has certain robustness under disruptions. Decisions must be re-made if a retailer＇ s cost change is greater and exceeds an upper bound. Impacts of retailer cost disruptions on the order quantity, the retail price, the wholesale price and each party＇ s as well as the system＇ s expected profits are investigated through numerical analyses.