Generalized Newton’s Theory of Universal Gravitation and Black Holes

The Newton’s theory of universal gravitation is generalized. Significantly strong at short distances central interaction of bodies and particles is established in comparison with Newtonian. A connection is found with Black Holes, with the horizon of events. Possibility of systematization of all Black Holes is shown. An illustration is given on the example of Black Hole SgrA*.

The Tragedy Prototype of the Paradox between Apollo and Dionysius -- on the Split Personality in Black Swan

The deep structure and manifestation of the western traditional culture have always been constructed on its various binary oppositions,among which the dichotomy between Apollo and Dionysius of the ancient Greek mythology is typical.The conflicts of the two are not only the origin of the early tragedies,but also the enduring factors affecting the formation of the western social and psychic structures.The mental struggle and the tragedy of the heroine Nina in Black Swan reflect the dichotomy between Apollo and Dionysius.A retrospect to the prototype of such a binary opposition is the best way to understand Nina’s split personality and further reveal the irreconcilable conflict between human being’s pursuit for beauty and virtue on the one hand,and lost of self-control on the other hand,which generates the power of both creativity and devastation.

ZA PLSs＇ Performance and Black Swan Approach

The empirical study uses black swan approach to analyze the performance of South African （ZA） listed property loan stocks （PLSs）. Although there are no empirical studies on black swan perspective and performance of listed real estate funds, the study found that there are similar traits of investing in listed real estate funds from emerging markets＇ perspective and what black swan advocates such as passive investment strategy and non-normality distribution of returns from listed real estate funds. Furthermore, the individual return of each fund was higher the return of the property loan stocks index and the probabilities of all variables confirm that they （variables） are significant when alpha is 10% at confidence level of 90%.

An Analysis of the Figurative Meanings of Colors in Black Swan

Under tremendous pressure, the heroine Nina of the movie Black Swan transformed from purity to complexity, from depression to release. Her attitude towards art changed from imperfection into perfection. Though she finally gets success for her perfect performance, yet she gets it at the cost of her life. From the standpoints of figurative meanings of, the four main colorsblack, white, pink, grey, this paper tries to analyze the relationship between colors, the connection of their roles, the multiple meanings of black swan and the death of black swan. A conclusion can be reached as follows: white represents purity and innocence of Nina; pink stands for her girlishness and na?ve; grey, the transitional color in movie, represents Thomas and his overwhelmingly primitive temptation; the typical representatives of black are Lily, Beth and changed Nina and it also stands for ferity, release and sexual temptation.

Identifying the Spatial Structure of Black Hole and Tropical Cyclone Based on a Theoretical Analysis of Orthogonal Interaction

Black holes are recognized by Newton’s gravitational theory and Einstein’s general relativity, but there is still a lack of understanding the spatial structure of events, especially the nature of event horizon. In this paper, a theoretical analysis is used to compare the structures of tropical cyclone in the atmosphere and black hole in the astronomy so that five results are: 1) Both of them share the similar spatial structure, with tropical cyclone and black hole having the outflow cloud shield and the horizon sphere in the central part, respectively, while four spiral material bands exist in the rotating plane around them;2) In theoretically, the energy density formed by the orthogonal interaction of the four spiral material bands is as times as the total kinetic energy of the head-on interaction;3) This region of high energy density can lead to the conversion from mass to energy and the creation of new physical states of matter, which is a black hole event;4) The outer horizon of a black hole is the outermost interface of events, or the orthogonal interaction interface of particles;5) High-speed plasma jets extended at the poles of the black hole are directly associated with the shear stress of orthogonal interaction.

2024年1月1日能登半岛M_(W)7.5地震作为一个可能的“龙王”事件

本文试图探讨,从“龙王”理论的角度看,2024年1月1日日本能登半岛M_(W)7.5地震是否可被视为一次“龙王”事件.本文分析了日本气象厅(JMA)2004年以来的地震矩张量解目录,针对样本数不够多的情况,用“级序分析”方法确定这一M_(W)7.5事件是否显著偏离Gutenberg-Richter幂律.结果表明在2006至2024年期间,M_(W)7.5地震还不能被视为显著的“龙王”事件;但在2021至2024年期间,该地震作为一次“龙王”事件特点十分明显,这一结果似乎与2020年底以来出现了复杂的前兆行为的报道吻合,标志着“龙王”事件的某种可预报性.本文建议,根据以往的研究结果,对这次地震的震源过程和余震序列进行详细刻画,附之以对地震前兆的回溯性研究,或可有助于“地震龙王”理论本身的发展和地震预测研究的进步.本文还讨论了“黑天鹅”事件、“龙王”事件及“灰犀牛”事件的相互关系,这几个概念是近年来减灾领域讨论较多的概念.

风险动物园(VI):黑天鹅的隐喻溯源、嬗变历程与研究展望

为防范黑天鹅带来的不确定性风险和极端影响,在隐喻理论视角下深入研究黑天鹅的溯源、嬗变与展望。首先,从历史源流与发展态势2方面,采用概念整合理论分析黑天鹅风险隐喻的认知构建机制,总结黑天鹅总体发展态势,在此基础上划分黑天鹅创建奠基、探索发展、创新完善3个重要嬗变阶段,提出数智赋能背景下黑天鹅的研究困境与未来展望。研究结果表明:黑天鹅的风险隐喻含义是具有稀有性、偶发性,出人意料且无法预测,并产生极端负面影响的风险事件;黑天鹅风险隐喻的发展将进入数量波动变化的理论分化阶段,研究方向应从泛化应用到精准应用、从单一风险到复合风险、从孤岛研究到群体研究。

奥陶纪/志留纪之交时期重大地质事件对沉积古环境及页岩有机质富集的影响——以中上扬子地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩为例

奥陶纪/志留纪之交时期发生了火山活动、赫南特冰川事件、海平面波动以及生物大灭绝等多起重大地质事件,对古海洋环境产生巨大影响。以中上扬子地区五峰组—龙马溪组页岩为主要研究对象,通过地球化学特征分析,探讨了不同地质事件对古沉积环境和页岩有机质富集的影响机制。分析结果表明:火山活动向海洋输入适量的火山灰所释放的营养元素会引起海洋生物迅速繁盛,古海洋生产力升高,保障了有机质的来源,引起的海洋底部缺氧环境有利于有机质的埋藏保存。而剧烈的火山活动产生的有毒物质会对生物生存环境造成威胁。此外,火山灰在大气中形成的气溶胶使太阳辐射不到地表,引起气温下降。在赫南特冰期和火山活动的共同作用下,发生了奥陶纪末期的生物灭绝事件,有机质大量积累。

基于事件驱动的液流电池控制系统实现方式

液流电池具有充放电循环次数大、容量高及寿命长等优点,是长时大规模储能的理想选择,但是其复杂的结构对电池控制系统的要求较高,传统开发方式难以满足其多样的控制需求,因此提出精准度更高、实时性更好的基于事件驱动技术的液流电池控制系统开发方法。首先针对液流电池稳定性需求高、内部损耗大等问题,提出了主/辅助电堆协同架构,并对该架构系统进行建模分析;然后基于事件驱动技术对控制系统进行模块化设计,包括柔性充放电控制、辅助电堆参与的黑启动控制、基于卡尔曼滤波的电池荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)估计等;最后搭建半实物仿真平台,对所提架构和策略进行验证,证明了该架构和策略能提高系统的能量转换效率和稳定性。

“走近黑天鹅”生态道德教育实践活动的实施策略

在建设生态文明国家背景下,利用地域资源开展黑天鹅治理水葫芦的生态道德教育实践活动。在学生兴趣和初步探究成果的基础上,指导学生确定探究课题,以不同食量梯度的水葫芦作为自变量,设置黑天鹅实验区和对照实验区进行实验,分析不同条件下水葫芦的减重率和黑天鹅的增重率并得出结论。本次活动学习内容具有生成性,以实践和探究为主,让学生能运用所学解决生态保护问题。

The Correct Reissner-Nordstrøm, Kerr and Kerr-Newman Metrics

In a very recent article of mine I have corrected the traditional derivation of the Schwarzschild metric thus arriving to formulate a correct Schwarzschild metric different from the traditional Schwarzschild metric. In this article, starting from this correct Schwarzschild metric, I also propose corrections to the other traditional Reissner-Nordstrøm, Kerr and Kerr-Newman metrics on the basis of the fact that these metrics should be equal to the correct Schwarzschild metric in the borderline case in which they reduce to the case described by this metric. In this way, we see that, like the correct Schwarzschild metric, also the correct Reissner-Nordstrøm, Kerr and Kerr-Newman metrics do not present any event horizon (and therefore do not present any black hole) unlike the traditional Reissner-Nordstrøm, Kerr and Kerr-Newman metrics.

The Solution of the Einstein’s Equations in the Vacuum Region Surrounding a Spherically Symmetric Mass Distribution

In this article, we address the solution of the Einstein’s equations in the vacuum region surrounding a spherically symmetric mass distribution. There are two different types of mathematical solutions, depending on the value of a constant of integration. These two types of solutions are analysed from a physical point of view. The comparison with the linear theory limit is also considered. This leads to a new solution, different from the well known one. If one considers the observational data in the weak field limit this new solution is in agreement with the available data. While the traditional Schwarzschild solution is characterized by a horizon at r=2GM/c2, no horizon exists in this new solution.

基于FDA不良事件报告系统的乌帕替尼药物警戒研究

目的:通过评估来自FDA不良事件报告系统(FAERS)乌帕替尼的不良反应信号,促进乌帕替尼的安全处方。方法:在FAERS中,以“upadacitinib”作为检索词,筛选以乌帕替尼为首要怀疑对象的不良反应事件(ADE),收集从2019年8月至2023年3月的ADE信号。采用报告比值比(ROR)、比例报告比(PRR)、贝叶斯置信传播神经网络(BCPNN)和多项伽马泊松缩减法(MGPS)四种算法。根据《国际医学用语词典》(24.1版)中的系统器官分类(SOC)和首选术语(PT)对ADE报告进行描述和分类。结果:检索到报告期内乌帕替尼ADEs 21 213例,呈递增趋势,其中肿瘤245例、血栓形成78例。通过四种算法共获得357个ADE信号,信号强度排名前4位为类风湿因子阳性、疱疹性湿疹、脊髓感染、口腔扁平苔藓,其中类风湿因子阳性、脊髓感染、口腔扁平苔藓未在说明书中收录。ADE信号报告例次较多的主要涉及关节痛、新型冠状病毒感染、鼻咽炎、尿路感染,其中关节痛、新型冠状病毒感染、尿路感染未在说明书中收录。ADE共涉及15个SOC,主要为感染性疾病(5490例,占37.57%)、肌肉骨骼及结缔组织疾病(3370例,占23.06%)。结论:发现乌帕替尼在新型冠状病毒感染、尿路感染等新的ADE信号,此外,该药在恶性肿瘤、血栓形成方面的风险也不容忽视。

The Unified Field

This is a Unified Field description based on the holographic Time Dilation Cosmology, TDC, model, which is an eternal continuum evolving forward in the forward direction of time, at the speed of light, c, at an invariant 1 s/s rate of time. This is the Fundamental Direction of Evolution, FDE. There is also an evolution down time dilation gradients, the Gravitational Direction of Evolution, GDE. These evolutions are gravity, which is the evolutionary force in time. Gravitational velocities are compensation for the difference in the rate of time, dRt, in a dilation field, and the dRtis equal to the compensatory velocity’s percentage of c, and is a measure of the force in time inducing the velocity. In applied force induced velocities, the dRt is a measure of the resistance in time to the induced velocity, which might be called “anti-gravity” or “negative gravity”. The two effects keep the continuum uniformly evolving forward at c. It is demonstrated that gravity is already a part of the electromagnetic field equations in way of the dRt element contained in the TDC velocity formula. Einstein’s energy formula is defined as a velocity formula and a modified version is used for charged elementary particle solutions. A time dilation-based derivation of the Lorentz force ties gravity directly to the electromagnetic field proving the unified field of gravity and the EMF. It is noted how we could possibly create gravity drives. This is followed by a discussion of black holes, proving supermassive objects, like massive black hole singularities, are impossible, and that black holes are massless Magnetospheric Eternally Collapsing Objects (MECOs) that are vortices in spacetime. .

Black shale formation enviro nment and its control on shale oil enrichment in Triassic Chang 7 Member,Ordos Basin,NW China

Based on geochemical analysis results of core samples from the Triassic Chang 7 Member of Well Feng 75 drilled in the northwest margin of Ordos Basin,combined with geological characteristics of this region,the formation environment of the black shale and its control on shale oil enrichment are comprehensively studied.From the Chang 73 to Chang 71 Sub-members,the black shale have organic carbon contents decreasing from 5.70%to 3.55%,hydrogen indexes decreasing from 345 mg/g to 269 mg/g,while the oxygen indexes increasing gradually from 6 mg/g to 29 mg/g,indicating that the sedimentary environment during the depositional period of Chang 72 and Chang 73 Sub-members was anoxic.Biomarkers in the black shale change regu-larly,and have an obvious“inflection point”at the depth of 2753–2777 m in the Chang 73 Sub-member,indicating that the input of terrigenous organic matter increased.However,there is a negative drift about 2%of organic carbon isotopic composition near the“inflection point”,which is in conflict with the results of biomarker compounds.This is because the extreme thermal and anoxic events caused by continental volcanic activity in the ancient Qinling region caused negative drift of carbon isotopic composition of the black shale in the Ordos Basin.The volcanic activity caused rise of temperature,polluted air,extreme weathers,more floods and thus more input of terrigenous organic matter,and gave rise to extremely anoxic environment con-ducive to the preservation of organic matter.Terrigenous organic matter is more conducive to the formation of light oil than aquatic organic matter,so these sections in Yanchang Formation are major“sweet spots”for shale oil enrichment.

Information entropy for static spherically symmetric black holes

By using the new equation of state density derived from the generalized uncertainty relation, the number of the quantum states near event horizon is obtained, with which then the information entropy of static spherically symmetric black holes has been discussed. It is found that the divergent integral of quantum states near the event horizon can be naturally avoided if using the new equation of state density without introducing the ultraviolet cut-off. The information entropy of black holes can be obtained precisely by the residue theorem, which is shown to be proportional to the horizon area. The information entropy of black holes obtained agrees with the Bechenstein-Hawking entropy when the suitable cutoff factor is adopted.

Hawking radiation from the charged and magnetized BTZ black hole via covariant anomaly

This paper discusses Hawking radiation from the charged and magnetized Bafiados-Teitelboim-Zanelli （BTZ） black hole from the viewpoint of anomaly, initiated by Robinson and Wilczek recently. It reconstructs the electromagnetic field tensor and the Lagrangian of the field corresponding to the source with electric and magnetic charges to redefine an equivalent charge and gauge potential. It employs the covariant anomaly cancellation method to determine the compensating fluxes of charge flow and energy-momentum tensor, which are shown to match with those of the 2- dimensional blackbody radiation at the Hawking temperature exactly.

The quantum nonthermal radiation and horizon surface gravity of an arbitrarily accelerating black hole with electric charge and magnetic charge

Using a new tortoise coordinate transformation,we discuss the quantum nonthermal radiation characteristics near an event horizon by studying the Hamilton-Jacobi equation of a scalar particle in curved space-time,and obtain the event horizon surface gravity and the Hawking temperature on that event horizon.The results show that there is a crossing of particle energy near the event horizon.We derive the maximum overlap of the positive and negative energy levels.It is also found that the Hawking temperature of a black hole depends not only on the time,but also on the angle.There is a problem of dimension in the usual tortoise coordinate,so the present results obtained by using a correct-dimension new tortoise coordinate transformation may be more reasonable.

Redefining the Event Horizon

Presented herein is a new and independent derivation of equation for the radius of Black Holes, i.e. the event horizon of black holes. The equation has been derived by formulating the relativistic equation of escape velocity derived from the relativistic equations for gravitational potential and kinetic energy. Based upon that, it is now shown that the actual size of a black hole, as determined by its event horizon, is exactly half the value predicted by the escape velocity equation used in the Newtonian mechanics. It proves that the actual radius of a black hole is exactly one half of the Schwarzschild radius.

Growing a Kerr Black Hole

Growth of a black hole requires the participation of a near-by accretion disk if it is to occur at a significant rate. The Kerr solution of Einstein’s equation is a vacuum solution, but the center of a realistic Kerr black hole is not a vacuum, so the predicted disk singularity does not exist. Instead, the center of a black hole is occupied by an ultra-dense, spheroidal core whose diameter is greater than that of the theoretical disk singularity. The surface of a black hole’s core is continually bombarded by energetic particles from the external universe. Hence the cold remnant of a gravitationally-collapsed star that has often been assumed to be present at the center of a black hole must be replaced conceptually by a quark-gluon plasma whose temperature is of the order of 1012 K or more. The gravitational potential well of a black hole is extremely deep (TeV), but the number of discrete energy levels below the infinite-red-shift surface is finite. Information can be conveyed to observers in the external universe by thermally-excited fermions that escape from levels near the top of a black hole potential well.