Innovation and Firm Co-ownership Network in China’s Electric Vehicle Industry

Firms are embedded in complex networks,where diverse ideas combine and generate new ideas.Shareholders of firms are of-ten seen as critical external resources that have significant influence on firm innovation.The current literature tends to focus on the rela-tionship between firms and their shareholders,while paying less attention to the connections between firms with the same shareholders.This article identifies two types of network spillover effects,intra-city network effect and inter-city network effect,by visualizing the co-ownership networks in China’s electric vehicle(EV)industry.We find that firms with the same shareholders,which are defined as co-owned EV firms,are more innovative than non-co-owned ones.Furthermore,there are two dominant types of firm co-ownership ties formed by corporate and financial institution shareholders.While corporate shareholders help exploiting local tacit knowledge,financial institutions are more active in bridging inter-city connections.The conclusion is confirmed at both firm and city levels.This paper theor-izes the firm co-ownership network as a new form of institutional proximity and tested the result empirically.For policy consideration,we have emphasized the importance of building formal or informal inter-firm network,and the government should further enhance the knowledge flow channel by institutional construction.

基于GRASPS的小学信息科技表现性任务设计——以《“服”想连篇》一课为例

作者利用GRASPS工具,立足核心素养导向,以“在线学习与生活”模块为例,挖掘基本问题,确立任务目标,设计评估标准与评价标准,设计了《“服”想连篇》一课的表现性任务,以期能够为测评信息学科核心素养提供新路经。

加权firm阈值奇异值分解及其旋转机械故障诊断

奇异值分解(Singular value decomposition,SVD)作为一种有效的信号降噪方法广泛应用于旋转机械振动信号周期性瞬态冲击提取中。传统SVD以能量为导向,无法提取出能量较弱但含故障信息丰富的奇异分量(Singular Component,SC)。为此,提出加权firm阈值奇异值分解(Weighted Firm Singular Value Decomposition,WFSVD)方法。该方法首先引入平方包络谱峭度(Squared Envelope Spectrum Kurtosis,SESK)作为量化故障敏感度的指标,以评估各个SC所含故障信息的丰富程度;其次,将SESK作为权重因子引入到基于firm阈值的SC去噪中,设计基于SESK的加权firm阈值SC去噪策略;最后,重构信号,实现信号降噪并有效提取故障特征。对于仿真信号与试验数据的分析验证了所提方法在周期性微弱瞬态冲击提取及旋转机械故障诊断中的有效性。

Computation of three-finger equilibrium and force-closure grasps

We proved a new necessary and sufficient condition for 2D three finger equilibrium grasps and implemented an geometrical algorithm for computing force closure grasps of arbitrary 2D objects in this article. The algorithm is quite simple and only needs some algebraic calculations. Finally, we implemented the algorithm and confirmed its usefulness by an example.

Stability Analysis of Grasps with a Robotic Multifingered Hand

Stability is a significant property for a robot hand grasp to perform complextasks similar to human hands. The common method to investigate the stability of roboticmulti-fingered grasp system is Lyapunov direct method, but usually it is rather difficult toconstruct a proper Lyapunov function. Avoiding the hard work of constructing a Lyapunov function, wepropose the sufficient conditions for stability of the robotic grasp system.

METHOD OF CLASSIFYING GRASPS BY ROBOT HANDS

This research characterizes grasping by multifingered robot hands through investiga- tion of the space of contact forces into four subspaces , a method is developed to determine the di- mensions of the subspaces with respect to the connectivity of the object. The relationship reveals the differences between three types of grasps classified and indicates how the contact force can be decomposed corresponding to each type of grasp. The subspaces and the determination of their di- mensions are illlustrated by examples.

Resource constraints and firm innovation:When less is more?

This paper explores the relationship between resource constraints and innovation of new firms.Drawing upon the relevant literature,we incorporate resource constraints as the antecedent to the bricolage-innovation link.Compared to prior studies that treated resource constraints as a one-dimensional variable,we operationalize it along two dimensions:knowledge constraints and financial constraints.Our argument posits that knowledge constraints and financial constraints act as catalysts for innovation in new firms,with bricolage serving as a mediating role.To test our hypotheses,we conducted a survey involving 183 entrepreneurs in the United States.The data analysis demonstrates that bricolage fully mediates the relationship between knowledge con‐straints and innovation and partially mediates the relationship between financial constraints and innovation.Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

SLAF marker based QTL mapping of fruit-related traits reveals a major-effect candidate locus ff2.1 for flesh firmness in melon

Flesh firmness(FF) is an important and complex trait for melon breeders and consumers. However, the genetic mechanism underlying FF is unclear. Here, a soft fruit melon(P5) and a hard fruit melon(P10) were crossed to generate F2, and the FF and fruit-related traits were recorded for two years. By performing quantitative trait locus(QTL) specificlocus amplified fragment(SLAF)(QTL-SLAF) sequencing and molecular marker-linkage analysis, 112 844 SLAF markers were identified, and 5 919 SNPs were used to construct a genetic linkage map with a total genetic distance of1 356.49 cM. Ten FF-and fruit-related QTLs were identified. Consistent QTLs were detected for fruit length(FL) and fruit diameter(FD) in both years, and QTLs for single fruit weight(SFW) were detected on two separate chromosomes in both years. For FF, the consistent major locus(ff2.1) was located in a 0.17-Mb candidate region on chromosome 2. Using 429 F2individuals derived from a cross between P5 and P10, we refined the ff2.1 locus to a 28.3-kb region harboring three functional genes. These results provide not only a new candidate QTL for melon FF breeding but also a theoretical foundation for research on the mechanism underlying melon gene function.

The impact of political connections on firm pollution: New evidence based on heterogeneous environmental regulation

Increasing attention has been focused on the extent to which corporate political connections influence the growing pollution due to the rapid growth in the popularity of firm pollution in developing countries.We adopt a static threshold regression model to investigate the effects of heterogeneous environmental regulation on political connections and firm pollution based on the panel data from China’s A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2019.The empirical results show a non-linear relationship between the degree of political connection of listed company executives and the level of firm pollution.And the relationship between the two roughly presents a U-shaped relationship under the action of the marketincentive environmental regulation threshold.However,it roughly presents an inverted N-shaped relationship under the action of the command-control environmental regulation threshold.Additionally,the group test results show that the existence of regional and ownership heterogeneity causes certain differences in the environmental behaviour of politically connected enterprises.These findings indicate that diverse environmental regulations are needed to promote sustainable green development and to further expand the theoretical and practical exploration of political connections on firm pollution.

Identifying Spatial Heterogeneity in the Effects of High-Tech Firm Density on Housing Prices:Evidence from Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,China

Innovation capitalization is a new concept in innovation geography research.Extant research on a city scale has proven that innovation is an important factor affecting housing prices and verified that innovation has a capitalization effect.However,few studies investigate the spatial heterogeneity of innovation capitalization.Thus,case verification at the urban agglomeration scale is needed.Therefore,this study proposes a theoretical framework for the spatial heterogeneity of innovation capitalization at the urban agglomeration scale.Examining the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GHMGBA),China as a case study,the study investigated the spatial heterogeneity of the influence of high-tech firms,representing innovation,on housing prices.This work verified the spatial heterogeneity of innovation capitalization.The study constructed a data set influencing housing prices,comprising 11 factors in 5 categories(high-tech firms,convenience of living facilities,built environment,the natural environment,and the fundamentals of the districts)for 419 subdistricts in the GHMGBA.On the global scale,the study finds that high-tech firms have a significant and positive influence on housing prices,with the housing price increasing by 0.0156%when high-tech firm density increases by 1%.Furthermore,a semi-geographically weighted regression(SGWR)analysis shows that the influence of high-tech firms on housing prices has spatial heterogeneity.The areas where high-tech firms have a significant and positive influence on housing prices are mainly in the GuangzhouFoshan metropolitan area,western Shenzhen-Dongguan,north-central Zhongshan-Nansha district,and Guangzhou—all areas with densely distributed high-tech firms.These results confirm the spatial heterogeneity of innovation capitalization and the need for further discussion of its scale and spatial limitations.The study offers implications for relevant GHMGBA administrative authorities for spatially differentiated development strategies and housing policies that consider the role of innovation in successful urban development.

FPN算法在视觉感知机器人抓取控制的应用研究

针对视觉感知机器人对物体抓取的准确性控制,在抓取姿势估计基础上使用密集连接的特征金字塔网络(FPN)作为特征提取器,将语义更强的高级特征图与分辨率更高的低级特征图融合,将机器人物体抓取过程分为两个阶段,第一个阶段生成待抓取区域,第二阶段对抓取区域进行细化以预测抓取姿势。模型在Cornell抓取数据集和Jacquard数据集上训练,验证了所提算法在抓取姿势估计的有效性。设计了两种不同真实场景的物体抓取控制实验,结果表明所提模型能有效提高机器人抓取各种不同尺寸物体的能力。

基础研究对生物医药企业科学产出的贡献研究——单篇论文属性划分视角

基础研究是核心技术的根基,尤其对于高科技企业的发展具有重要影响。如何准确地识别并测量研究开发中的基础研究对于探究基础研究的影响与作用机制具有重要意义。本文采用一种可定量衡量单篇论文基础程度的指标“LevelScore”,以全球生物医药企业作为研究对象,量化分析了其在2015—2017年引用和发表科学论文的研究性质与规律。研究结果表明,①基础研究为大部分生物医药企业的发展提供了重要参考与支撑,然而,同时进行基础研究和应用研究需要企业具备一定的规模和实力。中小型生物医药企业更倾向于从事极端基础或者极端应用的研究,而大型企业发表论文的基础程度居中。②生物医药企业科研产出的主要知识来源是基础研究而非应用研究,其科研活动对基础研究具有极强的依赖性,同时需要一定的应用研究支持。③生物医药企业的基础研究产出依赖于基础研究型的知识投入。④应用研究型的产出同样受益于基础研究型投入的支持;反之,则较难发生。这验证了基础研究在科技发展中的先导性和奠基性作用。

软体机器人在服装领域的应用进展

软体机器人由可变形材料制成,具有柔顺性高、适应性强等优势,现已成为机器人领域的研究热点,并在加速服装智能化进程中发挥重要作用。为促进软体机器人技术与服装领域的融合发展,根据当前软体机器人的研究进展,聚焦于软体机器人关键技术,总结其在制作材料、制作方法、驱动方式及控制与建模4个方面的研究现状;对软体机器人在纺织面料抓取与转移、上肢辅助及下肢辅助服装上的应用情况进行综述。研究认为:可利用智能软材料和微加工技术实现控制元件微型化;结合织物性能特点提高面料自动抓取与落料精度;可穿戴软体机器人在优化设备技术性能的同时,要对整个人机系统进行持续评估和迭代开发,提高人机交互便捷性,以促进软体机器人行业与服装领域的深度融合。

创新对企业MD&A叙述性信息披露策略的影响

研发和创新具有投入高、周期长和不确定性高的特征,这使得高创新企业面临较低的透明度和较高的专有成本。一方面为了满足投资者决策需要,防止信息不对称所导致的价值低估,企业有动机提供更多信息;另一方面创新所伴有的专有成本,又使得企业存在专有信息被现有和潜在竞争对手获取的顾虑,从而选择提供模糊信息的披露策略。本文利用2001—2019年A股上市公司数据,检验了企业创新对MD&A叙述性信息披露策略的影响。研究结果表明,随着企业创新的增加,企业叙述性信息披露的信息含量上升(文本相似度显著下降),但是披露的信息质量下降(文本可读性显著降低)。该结果说明管理层既希望向投资者传递更多信息,又担心来自竞争对手的威胁,即管理层会选择释放更多的叙述性信息并模糊表达。上述结果存在于行业竞争更激烈、融资约束程度较高和高管持股比例较高的情况下。本文结论对知识产权信息披露与管理层披露策略选择具有一定的借鉴意义。

基于YOLOv5的角度优化抓取检测算法研究

针对目前机器人抓取检测方法抓取角度预测过于离散,抓取过程可能产生较大偏角,降低抓取检测精度,甚至导致抓取失败的问题,提出了一种基于YOLOv5神经网络模型改进的机器人实时抓取检测方法。以单阶段目标检测模型YOLOv5为基础,提取抓取框坐标及抓取角度。对抓取角度进行更细致的划分,同时引入环形平滑标签以适应角度的周期性,建立相邻角度之间的联系,将YOLOv5检测头进行解耦,并对损失函数进行优化,提高检测精度。在Cornell数据集上进行实验验证。实验结果表明,与经典的抓取检测方法相比,所提算法能够更好地预测抓取角度,提升抓取检测精度;在Cornell数据集上,此模型达到了97.5%的准确率以及71FPS的检测速度。

媒体关注会提升代际传承阶段家族企业的创新效率吗?

中国家族企业面临代际传承和创新转型的双重挑战。在新媒体融合背景下,本文选取2009—2021年中国上市家族企业作为样本,研究媒体关注对代际传承与家族企业创新效率的调节作用和影响机制。结果表明:(1)代际传承阶段家族企业的平均创新效率显著低于非代际传承阶段家族企业;(2)媒体关注能够正向调节代际传承对家族企业创新效率的抑制作用,该调节作用在处于高市场化水平地区和高信息透明度的家族企业中更为明显;(3)拓展性研究发现,媒体关注的调节作用具有持续性,且相较于负面媒体关注和中性媒体关注,正面媒体关注的调节作用更为明显;(4)机制检验表明,媒体关注通过提高代际传承阶段家族企业的内部控制质量,进而提升家族企业的创新效率。本文拓展了代际传承与家族企业创新边界条件的研究,丰富了公司治理理论中媒体关注的研究成果,并为家族企业的高质量发展提供管理启示。

机械臂K因子影响因数的研究和扩展寿命计算

基于应力强度因子知识,借助Workbench软件采用子模型技术和奇异单元研究搬运机械臂的断裂强度问题。在搬运机械臂基座关节相贯线处建立椭圆形表面裂纹有限元模型,开展抓取载荷、裂纹相对尺寸对应力强度因子影响的研究并进行裂纹扩展寿命计算。分析结果表明:KⅠ、KⅢ随着抓取载荷的增加而增加,而KⅡ随着抓取载荷的增加而减小;随着裂纹短半轴和长半轴的增加,Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型应力强度因子先增大后减小且相应的应力强度因子逐渐增大,Ⅱ型应力强度因子先减小后增大;裂纹两端与中间段的裂纹扩展速率不同,呈现两端快、中间慢的特点且裂纹长半轴尺寸比短半轴尺寸对裂纹扩展速率的影响更敏感,机械臂的剩余寿命富余。

组态视角下后发企业颠覆式创新驱动模式研究

作为后发赶超的关键之举,明晰颠覆式创新的前因条件及驱动模式,对后发企业制定创新发展战略意义重大。基于“技术—组织—环境”(TOE)框架,构建后发企业颠覆式创新整合分析模型,并运用模糊集定性比较分析方法(fsQCA)对149个后发企业案例进行组态分析,探究颠覆式创新驱动模式。结果发现:单一前因条件难以成为驱动后发企业颠覆式创新的必要条件;存在4种颠覆式创新驱动模式,其中,市场驱动型和组织联盟型能够触发“自下而上”颠覆式创新,政府驱动型和技术主导型可以催生“自上而下”颠覆式创新;特定条件下,技术、组织和环境前因条件组合通过“殊途同归”的方式驱动颠覆式创新;不同驱动路径前因条件间存在互补或替代关系。结论不仅能够揭示我国颠覆式创新多重驱动因素及复杂联动机制,而且可为后发企业通过颠覆式创新实现跨越式发展提供有益启示。

“既患寡又患不均”:企业ESG表现能促进企业内共同富裕吗?

当下中国正处于扎实推进共同富裕的新阶段。实现共同富裕需要作为市场主体企业发挥带头作用,率先探索实现企业内共同富裕的道路。本文通过中国A股上市公司2011-2021年的相关数据,实证分析了企业ESG表现与企业内共同富裕的关系。本文结果表明:企业的ESG表现能够促进企业绩效的增加,同时也能增加员工收入,缩小企业内管理层和员工间的收入差距,从而促进企业内共同富裕的实现。本文的结论为企业进一步推进ESG活动,发挥在共同富裕中的“领头羊”作用提供了依据。

企业出口国内附加值率提升与企业杠杆率

去杠杆是防范和化解重大债务风险的关键举措,而利用实体经济的力量以市场化、法治化方式积极稳妥地降低企业杠杆率是新时期稳步推进结构性去杠杆的重要方向。基于2000—2013年中国工业企业数据库和中国海关进出口数据库的匹配数据,从全球价值链视角探讨企业出口国内附加值率提升影响企业去杠杆的方向和内在机理。结果表明:企业出口国内附加值率提升会显著降低企业的杠杆率。异质性分析结果显示,企业出口国内附加值率提升对不同所有制、不同贸易方式、不同行业企业去杠杆都有积极的影响。进一步的机制检验结果显示,由企业出口国内附加值率提升带来的盈利能力提高、外资弱化效应以及商业信用增加效应是主要影响渠道。因此,政府和企业可从市场角度特别是企业自身竞争力提高方面探索降低和化解金融风险的路径。