Study on Reduction of Mixed Water Salinity by Sound Wave <br/>—Toward Water Scarcity Issue-Solving in Isolated Islands in the World

There are so many Isolated Islands (inhabited islands) in the world, including Japan. However, at present islanders, there have been faced with the decline of industries, serious concerns of rapid aging and very low birthrate without children and water scarcity issues etc. It can be said that these situations are under the environment which shows a microcosm of Japanese and/or world survival society in the near future. In this paper, the experimental data on the reduction of the mixed water (seawater & rainwater) salinity by the sound wave when changing the volume ratio were first shown, taking into the characteristics of the Isolated Islands. Next, the main analysis result on the water qualities of mixed water with which sound wave was irradiated was shown and the consideration mainly based on the WHO drinking water quality standards was carried out. Finally, through a simple water quality improvement apparatus using small hydroelectric power, a consideration regarding a possibility of the purification of the water (to be a drinking water) based on the solar circulation energy (regenerative type’s natural energy) such as small hydropower utilization, natural sunlight utilization, natural gravity utilization, natural oscillation utilization has been described in the paper.

Study on the movement and fracture of ＂isolated island＂ working face overburden by numerical simulation

For circumstances of medium-embedding depth and medium-hard surroundings in Jining No.2 Colliery, Yanzhou Group, by using software RFPA2D to simulate the process of overburden fracture, studied the overburden separation which was caused by working face exploitation, its fracture characteristics and the isolated island coalface（IIC） formation systematically in comparison method. After the recovery of the IIC, the surrounding separation areas which lied above the working face and bilateral goaved respectively form a connected region, a region that is like a saddle with low middle （35 times） and high sides. The top boundary line of the separation area is an arc. Then the fracture rise rapidly to 28 times of working thickness; while it is smaller （only 8-17 times recovery height） when extracting bilaterally, though the fracture plane both are in shape of an unsymmetrical trapezium. As the recovery of IIC makes side recoveries change from insufficiency to sufficiency, the consequentially rapid change of characteristics of overburden separation and fracture would enhance the representation degree of mining pressure of IIC.

Effect of Isolation of Hainan Island from the Mainland on the Genetic Variation of Podocarpus imbricatus

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to analyze genetic variation of Podocarpus imbricatus in Hainan Island and Mainland of China. Two populations of Dacrydium pierrei were used as comparison materials. Both Podocarpus imbricatus and Dacrydium pierrei showed a low level of genetic diversity. However, Podocarpus imbricatus showed higher genetic diversity and higher population differentiation than Dacrydium pierrei. The geographic range may affect the genetic diversity of Podocarpus imbricatus and Dacrydium pierrei significantly. The UPGMA cluster tree showed that populations of Podocarpus imbricatus in Hainan Island and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were closer than those in Yunnan Province, indicating possible gene flow between Hainan Island and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The young geological history of Hainan Island and the three times of unification and separation between Hainan Island and the Mainland may give the two species more possibilities of gene flow.

Optimal design for rubber concrete layered periodic foundations based on the analytical approximations of band gaps and mapping relations

The seismic performance of rubber concrete-layered periodic foundations are significantly influenced by their design,in which the band gaps play a paramount role.Aiming at providing better designs for these foundations,this study first proposes and validates the analytical formulas to approximate the bounds of the first few band gaps.In addition,the mapping relations linking the frequencies of different band gaps are presented.Furthermore,an optimal design method for these foundations is developed,which is validated through an engineering example.It is demonstrated that ensuring the superstructure’s resonance zones are completely covered by the corresponding periodic foundation’s band gaps can achieve satisfactory vibration attenuation effects,which is a good strategy for the design of rubber concrete layered periodic foundations.

A new seismic isolation system and its feasibility study

This paper introduces a new seismic isolation system called a periodic foundation （PF）, where inclusions are periodically arranged. The PF is different from traditional base isolation in that it causes a fundamental frequency shift in the structure, thus reducing its response and generating a frequency gap. If the frequency contents of a seismic wave fall into the gap, it can not propagate in the foundation. Thus, it will exert no influence on the structure above. A systematic study of the band of frequency gap for a 2D PF is conducted. The influence of physical and geometrical parameters such as density and elastic modulus as well as filling fraction of the PF and its materials on the band of frequency gap are investigated, and a design with a frequency gap as low as 2.49-3.72 Hz is achieved. This band of frequency gap corresponds well to the design spectra in earthquake engineering. Numerical simulations of a six-story frame structure with different foundations demonstrate that a proposed PF can greatly reduce the seismic response of an isolated structure. This investigation shows that PFs have great potential in future applications of seismic isolation technology.

Attenuation of wave propagation in a novel periodic structure

A novel periodic mount was presented. A theoretical model was developed to describe the dynamics of wave propagation in the novel periodic mount. The model was derived using Hamilton's energy conservation principle. The characteristics of wave propagation in unit cell were analyzed by transfer matrix formulation. Numerical examples were given to illustrate the effectiveness of the periodic mount. The experiments were carried out to identify the predications of the theoretical model. The obtained results show that the experimental results coincide with the prediction of theoretical model. No pass bands appear in the overall frequency range measured when waves propagate in the longitude direction of the periodic mount. These dramatic results demonstrate its potential as an excellent mount in attenuating and isolating vibration transmission.

Energy Cycle Insingle Degree of Freedom Conservative Vibration Isolation Systems

To obtain a longer natural period in single degree of freedom(SDF) conservative vibration isolation systems, many scholars have proposed different methods. This paper uncovers a clockwise energy cycle existing in a mass-spring system, in which the potential energy and kinetic energy convert with each other, and the natural period is determined by the magnitude of the energy cycle. Compared to water flow inside a pipe, the previous methods can be consolidated into two methods to make the energy cycle narrower;one is to optimize the parameters directly, the other is to indirectly add an anticlockwise energy cycle to the original one. The anticlockwise energy cycle has the characteristic of gravitational potential energy or elastic potential energy that reduces with displacement. The highly abstract method can provide a better optimization tool to design a practice system.

中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离体验的质性研究

背景精神分裂症患者在整个生存期常感知到的较为严重的社会歧视,出现自我疏离或者社会性疏离。目前针对中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离方面的研究较少。目的描述中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离的体验,旨在为缓解该人群社会疏离体验制订支持干预方案提供一定的借鉴和参考。方法采用目的抽样法选取18~59岁,曾在新乡医学院第二附属医院住院且出院后愿意继续接受随访的中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者为研究对象,于2022年5—12月通过对受访者进行面对面半结构式深入访谈,并以内容分析法归纳和提炼主题。结果共纳入18名中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者。通过对访谈资料进行分析,共提炼出3个主题和8个亚主题:中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离的表现(包括2个亚主题:负性情感体验、期待与行为之间的退缩);中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离的主观原因(包括2个亚主题:自我疏离、自我歧视)、中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者社会疏离的客观原因(包括4个亚主题:社会歧视和被动疏离、药物不良反应的影响、精神疾病引起的生活和照护负担加重、缺乏社会支持)。结论中青年缓解期精神分裂症患者由于生理健康受损、心理状况不良、社会支持不足等存在社会疏离,医护人员应加强对该人群的症状管理和心理疏导,政府及社会各界应积极引导对精神疾病的正向认知并给予一定的社会支持;同时强化家庭内部支持,以帮助其重返和适应社会。

末次冰期东海嵊山岛黄土粒度端元分析及其环境意义

【目的】东海岛屿晚更新世风尘黄土堆积是我国黄土在东部长三角及外延海域重要的拓展,深化这一区域风尘黄土沉积的物源特征和后期演化问题研究,对于认识晚更新世区域古环境变化尤为重要。【方法】在OSL测年和磁化率测试基础上,基于东海岛屿典型风尘黄土剖面(嵊山岛黄土)的粒度分析,开展了粒度组成的端元分析,探讨了其蕴含的古环境信息。【结果与结论】嵊山岛黄土沉积可提取出3个粒度端元(EM1~EM3),进一步分析发现EM1可能代表通过高空西风气流传输的远源黏粒组分,EM2可能代表以浮尘形式远距离悬浮搬运并随风力减弱而沉降堆积的细粉砂组分,EM3可能代表冬季风驱动下的近地表短距离搬运堆积的粗粉砂组分。粒度端元分析结果表明,高空西风输送的黏粒端元组分和远距离悬浮运移的浮尘端元组分可能是沉积剖面主要粉尘来源;综合年代学结果、百分频率磁化率和颗粒中值粒径等参数分析,认为东海嵊山岛黄土沉积过程在MIS3阶段先后经历暖湿—冷干—暖湿的旋回波动;并且,所记录的MIS3阶段气候波动以及MIS2阶段末次冰盛期和冰消期的古环境变化同深海氧同位素和古海平面变化趋势相对应,说明东海陆架区域该时期环境演变与全球性气候波动相协同。

岛礁风光柴储多能源独立微电网建模分析

岛礁多能源独立微电网是解决远海岛礁供电难题,确保岛上军民用电稳定及提高岛礁自然资源利用率的关键技术。传统岛礁独立微电网建模电源种类不够完备,交流母线应用较少。为此,建立了风、光、柴、储4种电源数学模型,在电力电子变换器中使用了基于扰动观察法的Boost升压电路与基于电网电压定向的矢量控制方式。系统模型中风、光、柴、储4种电源汇入交流母线,整体功率、电压趋于稳态。仿真结果表明:所构建的岛礁多能源独立微电网模型较为科学合理,可为开展岛礁多能源微电网健康管理等研究打下坚实基础。

海南热研73397等5个橡胶树品种全年割胶周期生胶质量变化

天然橡胶的质量和性能与橡胶树品种、割胶生产、气象、物候等遗传和环境因素密切相关。为了探明橡胶树不同品种之间及4—12月全年割胶周期内生胶质量的差异与变化规律,本研究分析比较了PR107、RRIM600、热研917、热研73397和热研879等5个橡胶树品种胶乳所制备生胶的质量,并分析了各品种5月份胶乳所制备生胶的硫化特性和硫化胶的力学性能。结果表明:5个橡胶树品种生胶的门尼黏度值、氮(蛋白质)含量、挥发物含量、P0和PRI值等在4—12月全年割胶周期内表现出增加或下降的趋势,这些质量指标既反映出橡胶树品种间的基因型差异,又表现出受气象等环境因素变化的影响。其中,4个品种12月生胶的蛋白质含量均超过3.0%;热研917混炼胶的硫化特性与其他4个品种有明显差异;在S/2 d/3割制下,热研879硫化胶的拉断伸长率和拉伸强度最小。本研究结果一方面有助于指导橡胶树品种选育和割胶生产,另一方面也可以为高性能天然橡胶生产加工提供科技支撑。

石球阵列对轨道交通振动表面波隔振性能研究

本文针对轨道交通运营时带来的持续性振动对周边居民身体健康和敏感构建物结构安全的影响进行探讨。基于周期理论,提出一种石球阵列隔振结构来减轻轨道交通运营引起的环境振动危害。通过求解频散曲线图,研究石球阵列参数对带隙的影响,并剖析了隔振机理;其次,通过求解传输透射谱,研究了有限数量石球阵列隔振性质。研究发现,石球排距和尺寸大小对表面波能带影响较大,针对低频表面波隔振,石球排距建议取1.0~1.2 m,石球尺寸建议大于0.4 m;石球的排布方式对高频能带影响较大,对低频能带影响较小;相比正方形排布方式,三角形排布方式可以降低振动波泄漏,隔振效果更好。传输谱透射分析发现,石球阵列低频隔振时隔振机理为局域共振机理,高频隔振时机理为Bragg散射机理;组合石球隔振方式可以拓宽衰减域,隔振效果更好。相关研究可为轨道交通隔振提供参考。

基于粒子群混合灰狼算法的配电网故障恢复策略

为进一步提高主动配电网在故障恢复过程中的高效性和可靠性,基于粒子群混合灰狼算法对含高比例分布式电源的主动配电网进行故障恢复分析。首先针对配电网故障恢复持续时间长、光伏与风机出力和负荷需求波动大的问题,建立分布式电源时变性和负荷特性模型。以故障时段内分布式电源恢复重要负荷总量最大为目标函数,对配电网进行初步孤岛划分。在初步孤岛划分的基础上综合考虑恢复重要负荷总量最大、网络损耗最小和开关操作次数最少三个目标函数,采用粒子群混合灰狼算法求解,得到孤岛与主网配合的最优故障恢复策略。运用IEEE33节点配电网模型进行仿真验证,结果表明:分布式电源时变性和负荷特性模型具有优越性,基于粒子群混合灰狼算法的主动配电网故障恢复策略能够可靠地恢复供电。

中深部孤岛工作面窄煤柱沿空掘巷支护技术研究

孤岛工作面沿空掘巷存在围岩变形严重、控制难度大、成本高的问题。以某矿5103回风顺槽为研究对象,运用多种设计方法,综合确定护巷煤柱最佳宽度为6 m;提出顶板围岩浅部基础层、中部承载层和深部强化层多圈层高效支护技术,以长锚杆+柔性锚杆+长锚索为主形成多圈层承载结构。通过在5103回风顺槽进行工业试验表明,巷道围岩变形得到有效控制,取得良好的安全、经济效益,可为相似条件下孤岛工作面的开采提供借鉴。

韧性城市建筑“平急结合”设计给排水应对关键措施探索

简介韧性城市建筑中适用于临时隔离收治点的建筑类型,提出建立临时隔离收治点“平急结合”设计的标准体系构想,解析作为临时隔离收治点的新建建筑、既有建筑在设计或改造中的给排水应对措施,重点就条件预留、用水定额、系统定型、管道布设、设备选用、污水处理等方面进行深入探索。

综合护理在恶性黑色素瘤患者肢体隔离热灌注围手术期的应用效果

目的探讨综合护理对恶性黑色素瘤患者围手术期肢体隔离热灌注的干预效果,探索一套可供参考、可复制的标准化干预流程,提高恶性黑色素瘤术后患者的生活质量。方法选取2020年1月至2022年10月新疆医科大学附属肿瘤医院收治的50例行肢体隔离热灌注的恶性黑色素瘤患者作为研究对象,采用抽签法将患者分为对照组(n=25)和研究组(n=25),对照组予以常规护理,研究组采取综合护理方式。比较两组患者的肿瘤控制率、生存率、复发率、手术创面愈合情况(创口愈合时间、愈合质量、是否存在感染或其他并发症等)、术后生活质量、心理情绪(焦虑、抑郁)评分、肢体功能情况。结果两组患者的肿瘤控制率、无瘤生存率、总体生存率及复发率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组生活质量评分及Barthel指数评分高于对照组,抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在围手术期中,恶性黑色素瘤患者行肢体隔离热灌注治疗,予以综合护理干预,可以有效控制和缓解患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪,有助于提高患者日常生活的独立能力和生活质量,在一定程度上降低不良反应的发生率。

非基岩场地基础隔震核岛厂房抗震性能分析

为了研究非基岩场地条件下基础隔震核电工程结构的抗震性能,本文依据外源波动理论提出了考虑土-结构相互作用效应的基础隔震核电工程结构抗震分析方法,该方法实现了地震动的高精度输入以及整体系统的直接求解,通过与传统封闭体系振动法计算结果的对比验证了其有效性。建立了基础隔震核岛厂房-地基整体有限元模型,开展了核岛厂房地震响应分析,讨论了不同剪切波速场地条件下核岛厂房的基础隔震性能。研究结果表明:非基岩场地条件下基础隔震核岛厂房表现出良好的隔震效果;随着场地剪切波速的降低,基础隔震的隔震能力逐渐下降,与剪切波速为1067 m/s的场地相比,当场地的剪切波速为305 m/s时,核岛厂房结构顶部的楼层反应谱、加速度放大系数和层间位移角的隔震率分别减小了14.30%、13.50%和23.41%。为了保证核电工程结构的安全性,在基础隔震设计中应充分考虑非基岩场地条件下的SSI效应。

不同类型新能源接入对微电网频率的影响

为建设新型能源体系与构建以新能源为主体的新型电力系统,不同类型的新能源加入到电力系统中,高比例新能源的加入对电力系统的影响日益显现。基于国家大力发展新能源的时代背景,结合广东山区具有发展小水电和风电的区位优势,运用理论、仿真等研究方法,对光伏、风电、小水电等不同种类新能源组成的多能互补微电网孤岛初期频率变化规律问题展开研究。首先,研究小水电、风电及光伏发电分别作为单独的分布式能源接进微电网孤岛运行幅频变化情况,发现只有光伏微电网具有较好的孤岛运行稳定性。接着,探讨小水电和光伏分别加入对风电微电网在孤岛初期幅频变化的影响,发现光伏对风电微电网全工况都有支撑作用,而小水电在特定工况下支撑作用较大。最后,分析风光水多能互补微电网孤岛初期幅频变化的影响,研究结果表明风光水多种新能源在一定配比下具有较好的运行稳定性。

海岛多能源微网故障免疫及谐波滤除的隔离变压器方案

为解决某海岛微网系统面临的多能源发电单元易受外部故障解列及3倍次谐波自由传递导致系统电能质量低下等问题,提出一种综合电站出口增设隔离变压器的一次系统改进方案。基于该海岛微网的多能源结构、海岛环境、高可靠性要求等特殊应用场景,阐述隔离变压器方案,验证同步机组励磁系统缺陷及新能源发电单元导致的谐波来源;配合应用虚拟同步发电机的光伏蓄电池支路,通过系统故障电压支撑能力、三相/零序不平衡度及谐波畸变率量化隔离变压器方案,对发电单元隔离保护及系统电能质量的提升效果有促进作用。经电磁暂态平台PSCAD验证,新方案使发电单元免疫外部故障零序冲击,综合电站出口处电压支撑能力提高了52.44%,畸变度降低了78.04%,基本完全滤除占比14.33%的励磁缺陷谐波电流,具备传统滤波器方案不具备的故障免疫及谐振过电压抑制作用,为海岛多能互补电网工程建设提供参考性方案。

基于序贯蒙特卡洛模拟法的孤岛微电网可靠性评估

为评估孤岛型微电网的可靠性以及分析储能装置对系统可靠性的影响,提出基于序贯蒙特卡洛模拟法的孤岛微电网可靠性评估方案。首先,以孤岛型风柴储混合微电网系统作为研究对象,搭建分布式电源等关键设备的出力模型;其次,制定可靠性评估指标体系、不同的储能运行策略及负荷削减策略,在此基础上提出基于序贯蒙特卡洛模拟法的孤岛风柴储微电网可靠性评估算法;最后,通过对改进的RBTS Bus 6 F4孤岛系统进行仿真,量化分析了储能装置的运行策略、储能容量、容量配置对系统可靠性水平的影响。结果表明:合理的储能策略、适当增大储能容量以及适宜的储能系统配置方案等均可提高系统可靠性。