Optimization Strategies of Beijing Elderly Care Service Stations Based on Questionnaire Survey Method: A Case Study of Zhanlan Road Street of Xicheng District

4 elderly care service stations in Zhanlan Road Street,Xicheng District,Beijing are selected,and questionnaires are designed and distributed to the surrounding elderly population to understand their needs and satisfaction with the station environment.By observing elderly care service stations on site,the characteristics,obstacles,and shortcomings of the environment are recorded,and relevant data are collected and analyzed,such as the characteristics of the elderly population being interviewed,the planning and design data of the station environment,and the distribution of service facilities.The overall characteristics of the spatial environment of elderly care stations are summarized,and renovation measures and optimization suggestions are provided for the current shortcomings,thereby providing some basis for the spatial design of community elderly care service stations in the future.

高度关注我国婚姻状况对未来群体和个体的养老影响

本世纪以来我国“大龄未婚”“终身不婚”占比呈现较快增长趋势。受大龄男女不愿结婚、上世纪80年代中期以来出生人口性别比失衡、婚后不育等影响,未来我国自愿的“原生型孤寡老人”、非自愿的“原生型孤寡老人”和“继发型孤寡老人”的数量会明显增加,这将加剧对群体养老和个体养老的负面影响。基于以上状况,建议应明确规定国家卫健委的人口监测与家庭发展司“承担出生人口性别比及其影响的综合治理工作”职责,尽快建立由国家卫健委牵头的“促进家庭和谐幸福部际联席会议”制度,积极引导城乡中青年人从提高自身进入老年期的生活质量和生命质量考虑“适龄婚育”并生育两三个孩子,从源头上相对降低未来我国老年人口中分性别和年龄组的“孤寡老人”占比;同时,在高质量推进未来我国城乡基本养老服务体系建设中应进一步研究落实中央提出的“优化孤寡老人服务”要求。

城镇空巢老人社区居家养老服务需求探析——以重庆市某新区为例

通过对重庆市XX新区的实证调查,重点剖析了重庆城镇空巢老人在经济、健康、情感和生活服务方面的保障需求。研究发现,重庆城镇空巢老人多数经济不宽裕,对定期常规检查、保健服务需求较强,康复护理需求较低,亲情慰藉较欠缺;空巢老人多倾向于个人居家养老,而社区对老人提供的生活服务内容、形式比较单一、层次较低,有待改善。据此,对建设老年服务体系、建立社会福利制度、发展社区护理模式以及开展社区老年志愿服务等方面提出了相应的对策建议。