An Analysis of Governance in Chinese High-Tech Enterprises from Specific Human Capital Perspective

The effect of specific human capital on governance was analyzed,and a governance frame was proposed based on specific human capital for high-tech enterprises.The frame takes residual rights of claimant and residual rights of control as core,including the factors of institutional environment and bargaining power.One of the important contexts of Chinese enterprises governance is ownership structure,which means that local government plays an important role in the governance.Meanwhile,the level of market development in China is low,which has an effect on corporate governance.The model of capital gains and status of human capital is explored,and it shows that all of the residual claims belonging to shareholder is only an exceptional case,and the internal factors influencing the residual claim allocation proportion of stakeholders are the scarcity in the capital market and risks born by them.Furthermore,two cases are discussed in detail to study the governance in Chinese high-tech enterprises.

An <i>in silico</i>Analysis of Upstream Regulatory Modules (URMs) of Tapetum Specific Genes to Identify Regulatory <i>cis</i>-Elements and Transcription Factors

The present work presents an iin silicoi analysis of Upstream Regulatory Modules (URMs) of genes expressed in tapetum specific manner in dicotyledon and monocotyledon plants. In the current analysis, we identified several motifs conserved in these URMs of which ten were observed to be part of known icisi-elements using tools and databases like MEME, PLACE, MAST and TFSEARCH. We also identified that binding sites for two transcription factors, DOF and WRKY71 were found to be present in majority of the URMs.

Allele-specific expression and alternative splicing in horse×donkey and cattle×yak hybrids

Divergence of gene expression and alter native splicing is a crucial driving force in the evolution of species;to date, however the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Hybrids of closely related species provide a suitable model to analyze allele-specific expressi on (ASE) and allele-specific alter native splicing (ASS). Analysis of ASE and ASS can uncover the differences in cis-regulatory elements between closely related species, while eliminating interferenee of trans-regulatory elements. Here, we provide a detailed characterization of ASE and ASS from 19 and 10 transcriptome datasets across five tissues from reciprocal-cross hybrids of horsex don key (mule/hi nny) and cattlexyak (dzo), respectively. Results showed that 4.8%-8.7% and 10.8%-16.7% of genes exhibited ASE and ASS, respectively. Notably, IncRNAs and pseudogenes were more likely to show ASE than protein-coding genes. In addition, genes showing ASE and ASS in mule/hinny were found to be involved in the regulation of muscle strength, whereas those of dzo were involved in high-altitude adaptati on. In con clusi on, our study dem on strated that explorati on of genes showing ASE and ASS in hybrids of closely related species is feasible for species evolution research.

Research Progress on High Specific Energy Cathode Materials for Rechargeable Lithium Sulfur Batteries

An overview of the developing survey, research actuality and the future development of high specific energy and power lithium sulfur rechargeable batteries was presented systemically. By introducing the character of sulfur composite material and discussing some promising cathode materials, it may provide some foundation for people to go deep into researching and empoldering the sulfur composite material.

Variations in wood anatomical properties and specific gravity of half sib progenies of Populus deltoides

We studied radial and inter-progeny variations in the dimen- sions of the wood elements and specific gravity of 21 half sib progenies of Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. The female parents of half sib progenies were G48 and $7C13 clones. Variance ratio （F） test indicated that inter-progeny variations in the dimensions of wood elements and specific gravity were significant for all wood traits while variations were significant for radial location for specific gravity only. Hierarchical clus- ter analysis was done by Squared Euclidean Distance for all of 21 proge- nies considering six wood traits. 21 progenies were grouped into 4 clus- ters. Cluster 1 was the largest cluster with 11 progenies, whereas cluster 3 had only one progeny. Selected progenies in clusters 3 （progeny 155, male） and 4 （progeny 108, 196, both female） were highly divergent from the other progenies so they were used in combinations as parents of hybrids to develop new clones with desired characters. Progeny 155 showed higher growth, fiber dimensions, and specific gravity, thus, should be used for the development of new clones.

Specific Adsorption of Trivalent La, Ce and Y by Soils and Ferro-manganese Oxides and Its Mechanism

In this paper, the adsorption-desorption variations of trivalent La, Ce, Y and mixed rare earths are discussed. The curves of pH-rare earth element adsorption were very well fitted to the equation: InD =a+b pH. The selectivity of RE (rare earth element) ions by the samples decreased in the following order: Ce> RE> La> Y, but the sequences were: La> Ce> Y on kaolinite and Y> La on amorphous iron oxide. Since the trivalent RE ions existed in the form of RE(OH)2+ in the solutions from pH < 5.45 to 7.0, the ratio of H+ displaced to RE3+ adsorbed in micromole was proposed to be about 2. The specific adsorption mechanism for RE was proposed to be that the RE ions complexed with oxide surface and the ion-surface complex of Ce3+ promoted oxidization on Mn hydroxide.

Analysis of Wheat GBSS1 Promoter:Tissue Specificity and DNA Methylation

The cis-regulatory elements of promoters regulate temporal and spatial expression of genes. DNA inethylation, histone methylation and histone acetylation are the main types of epigenetic modifications, which play important roles in plant growth and development. DNA methylation could seilenco transposons, affect gene imprinting and gene expression. In this study, we found that granule bound starch synthase 1 （GBSSI） gene is expressed specifically in wheat endosperm rath- er than in the embryo. We also analyzed the cis-elements within this promoter region and found some seed-specific elements. In order to confirm the tissue specifici- ty, we cloned 4k bp sequences upstream of GBSS1 gene to link to vector with GUS and this construct was transferred to tobacco by Agrobacterium mediated transfor- marion. The results showed that wheat GBSS1 promoter mediated the seed-specific expression of GUS gene, hut not mediated expression in embryo. In addition, we found that GBSSI promoter is methylated in wheat embryo and de-methylated in wheat endosperm. Our study might provide the molecular basis for specific expres- sion of GBSSI gene.

A New Flexible Multibody Dynamics Analysis Methodology of Deployable Structures with Scissor-Like Elements

There are vast constraint equations in conventional dynamics analysis of deployable structures,which lead to differential-algebraic equations(DAEs)solved hard.To reduce the difficulty of solving and the amount of equations,a new flexible multibody dynamics analysis methodology of deployable structures with scissor-like elements(SLEs)is presented.Firstly,a precise model of a flexible bar of SLE is established by the higher order shear deformable beam element based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF),and the master/slave freedom method is used to obtain the dynamics equations of SLEs without constraint equations.Secondly,according to features of deployable structures,the specification matrix method(SMM)is proposed to eliminate the constraint equations among SLEs in the frame of ANCF.With this method,the inner and the boundary nodal coordinates of element characteristic matrices can be separated simply and efficiently,especially on condition that there are vast nodal coordinates.So the element characteristic matrices can be added end to end circularly.Thus,the dynamic model of deployable structure reduces dimension and can be assembled without any constraint equation.Next,a new iteration procedure for the generalized-a algorithm is presented to solve the ordinary differential equations(ODEs)of deployable structure.Finally,the proposed methodology is used to analyze the flexible multi-body dynamics of a planar linear array deployable structure based on three scissor-like elements.The simulation results show that flexibility has a significant influence on the deployment motion of the deployable structure.The proposed methodology indeed reduce the difficulty of solving and the amount of equations by eliminating redundant degrees of freedom and the constraint equations in scissor-like elements and among scissor-like elements.

A Role-Based PMI Security Model for E-Government

We introduce the general AC( atlribure certificate), the role specificationAC and the rolt assignment AC We discuss the rolt-based PMI(Privilege Management Infrastructure)architecture. The role-based PMT(Public-Kty In-frastructure) secure model forE-govcrnment isresearehed by combining the role-bastd PMI with PKI architeclure (Public Key Infrastructure). Themodel has advantages of flexibility, convenience, less storage space and less network consumptionetc. We are going to ust iht secure modelin the E-govern-ment system.

Construction of a transposase accessible chromatin landscape reveals chromatin state of repeat elements and potential causal variant for complex traits in pigs

Background:A comprehensive landscape of chromatin states for multiple mammalian tissues is essential for elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying regulatory variants on complex traits.However,the genome-wide chromatin accessibility has been only reported in limited tissue types in pigs.Results:Here we report a genome-wide landscape of chromatin accessibility of 20 tissues in two female pigs at ages of 6 months using ATAC-seq,and identified 557,273 merged peaks,which greatly expanded the pig regulatory ele-ment repository.We revealed tissue-specific regulatory elements which were associated with tissue-relevant biologi-cal functions.We identified both positive and negative significant correlations between the regulatory elements and gene transcripts,which showed distinct distributions in terms of their strength and distances from corresponding genes.We investigated the presence of transposable elements(TEs)in open chromatin regions across all tissues,these included identifications of porcine endogenous retroviruses(PERVs)exhibiting high accessibility in liver and homology of porcine specific virus sequences to universally accessible transposable elements.Furthermore,we prior-itized a potential causal variant for polyunsaturated fatty acid in the muscle.Conclusions:Our data provides a novel multi-tissues accessible chromatin landscape that serve as an important resource for interpreting regulatory sequences in tissue-specific and conserved biological functions,as well as regula-tory variants of loci associated with complex traits in pigs.

Coincidence Doppler Broadening Study of Elemental Metals

Twenty pure elemental metal samples have been studied with a coincidence Doppler broadening system （CDB）. The results show the relationship between the CDB spectra and the electronic structure of these samples. The experimental results are compared to simple theoretical predictions, which show that the high-momentum part of the Doppler-broadening spectra can be used to distinguish different elements.

我国数据要素市场治理的模式、现状与对策

要推动数据要素市场高质量发展,首先需要构建科学高效的市场治理机制。本文对数据要素市场治理素现状进行了梳理,提出市场化治理、垂直型治理和关系型治理等三种治理模式,并比较其特点,分析其现状与瓶颈。在此基础上,本文指出我国需要同时采用多种治理模式,形成以市场化治理为主、垂直型治理为辅、关系型治理作为重要补充的数据要素市场治理格局,并就三种治理模式的进一步完善提出了对策建议。

基层治理新趋势:以系统化改革破解基层治理的难题

随着我国走向现代化发展新阶段,基层治理也面临着现代化的转型。在此过程中,要突破基层治理在认知性、结构性和功能性方面的困境,全面深化改革“必须坚持系统观念”。为此,基层治理改革要加强党政统筹的顶层设计,通过优化治理系统结构、明确系统主体职责和推进数字化治理等改革措施,实现由“要素管理”向“系统治理”转变,以求增强基层治理的系统性、整体性和协同性,从而全面推进基层治理体系和治理能力现代化。

论数字经济推动新质生产力形成的路径

本文采用2013~2022年我国31个省(区、市)的面板数据,建立固定效应模型,从数据要素化、数字产业化、产业数字化、数字治理4个维度出发,实证检验了我国数字经济对新质生产力形成的影响及作用机制。研究发现,数字经济对新质生产力的形成有显著的正向影响,且在我国东部地区最为明显,中部地区次之,西部地区较为不明显。灰色关联度分析表明,战略性新兴产业和未来产业发展基础与我国新质生产力水平关联度最强。考察作用机制发现,数字产业化、产业数字化、数字治理是我国数字经济发展推动新质生产力形成的有效路径。大力发展数字化产业,促进数字技术创新;加快产业数字化转型升级,构建现代产业体系;提升数字治理能力,缩小新质生产力地区差距,成为推动我国新质生产力形成的重要政策启示。

基层治理中的数字悬浮:内涵表征、形成机理及消解策略

数字技术作为一种外在嵌入型资源,在基层治理中具有纾解困境的潜力,但其应用并非尽善尽美,可能存在与基层治理场景难以深度契合的情况并滋生数字悬浮现象。此类现象表现为数字技术悬浮于基层工作、治理主体、群众诉求和治理过程之上,并由此引发包括增加治理主体的数字负担、浪费治理资源、数字治理内卷化和数字形式主义等在内的诸多困境。数字悬浮的产生在于:基层治理结构的科层化导致了管理模式僵硬,不利于灵活应用数字技术;诸多数字治理工具未能充分考虑基层实际需求,其在实践中难以发挥预期效果;部分基层工作人员和普通群众的数字素养不足,缺乏必要技能和知识来有效利用数字工具;传统治理方式的路径依赖阻碍了新技术的深度嵌入。为解决这些问题,应基于“结构工具主客体方式”的去悬浮化路径进行优化:优化基层治理结构,减少科层化带来的僵硬性;开发契合基层实际需求的数字治理工具;通过培训和教育提升治理主体和客体的数字素养;革新治理方式,建立更加高效、灵活的治理机制。通过科学的方法实现治理效能提升,促进数字技术与基层治理更深度的融合,使数字技术真正成为助力基层治理的赋能工具。

我国地方数据政策体系的构建进展与展望

[目的/意义]研究我国地方数据政策体系的构建情况,旨在明确各地数据政策制定的进展与提点,进而推动政策体系的优化建设。[方法/过程]对31个省级政府的数据政策进行统计,并采用文本分析法梳理政策的总体内容框架,基于此,对比与解析政策内容的地区差异。[结果/结论]我国地方数据政策的发布可划分为国家信息化发展时期、大数据发展时期以及数据要素市场化时期三个阶段;政策总体内容框架包含数据基本内涵、数据资源建设、数据共享、数据开放、数据资产化、数据安全6大要点;不同地区涵盖上述政策要点的程度不同,也显示了我国数据政策在地方层面的特点。由此,我国地方数据政策需进一步面向多元数据对象、多层数据行动、多元责任主体,实现内容的体系化建设,并为国家数据政策体系的优化发展提供参考。

政府数据开放到公共数据开放的嬗变

[目的/意义]分析政府数据开放到公共数据开放的嬗变有利于数据开放活动的健康发展,促进数据要素流通。[方法/过程]在梳理政府数据开放和公共数据开放两者关系基础上,从创新扩散理论出发分析嬗变的三维度表现及嬗变动力。[结果/结论]嬗变动力共有技术、组织和环境三个维度下的9个关键驱动因素,并提出了6个嬗变的趋势。

论公共数据授权运营的立法路径

当前,为了释放公共数据价值、培育数据要素市场,公共数据授权运营成为重要的破局之策。然而,公共数据授权运营立法远落后于实践需求,是否立法以及如何立法仍成为悬而未决的难题。在立法条件方面,理论依据的充分、经济条件的具备为授权运营立法提供了可行性,而数据增值、企业利用、政府治理、国家愿景等需求,均证实了立法的必要性。在立法模式方面,权衡中央立法模式和地方立法模式的利弊,应推行“地方先行先试”的立法模式。在具体制度实现方面,地方立法应秉持效率与安全并重的立法理念,采用实用性立法结构,授权主体内容应设计为统一授权模式,运营主体内容应将基本业务能力和安全保障能力设置为准入条件,以法定情形和约定情形设置退出条件,授权运营的公共数据内容应遵循以混合分类法分类、以敏感程度分级的标准,安全监督与管理内容应以安全和效益为监督考核标准。

从空间规划体系到国土空间体系——兼析国土空间体系构建下的国土空间治理趋向

研究目的:分析国家治理体系和治理能力现代化背景下,国土空间体系表述的形成脉络及内在逻辑,并从国土空间体系构建视角探讨国土空间治理的未来趋向。研究方法:综合分析法与对比分析法。研究结果:国土空间具有“区域”和“要素”双重特性,建立空间规划体系旨在解决传统国土空间治理的“区域”“要素”缺乏统筹问题。从空间规划体系、国土空间规划体系到国土空间体系的演变,实质上是不断推进迈向高质量发展、强化“区域—要素”统筹的国土空间治理。在构建国土空间体系的指引下,国土空间治理既要聚焦国土空间的高质量发展,绘就国土空间协调发展蓝图,又要完善主体功能区战略和制度,做好国土空间治理的“区域—要素”统筹。研究结论:面向国土空间体系构建,国土空间治理未来应做好国土空间高质量发展导向下的“区域—要素”统筹治理。

大学治理能力现代化:支撑要素、建设理念与路径选择

大学治理能力现代化是大学治理现代化的重要维度和显著标识。从大学建设与改革的整体运行逻辑上看,大学治理能力可以进一步细分为顶层设计能力、资源调配能力、行动执行能力、政策驾驭能力等关键支撑性要素。大学治理能力现代化建设需要遵循“人本”“系统”“精细”等基本理念和底层逻辑,着力提升治本能力、治标能力、精细化治理能力和共同体价值整合能力。