Coulomb-assisted nonlocal electron transport between two pairs of Majorana bound states in a superconducting island

We investigate the nonlocal transport modulated by Coulomb interactions in devices comprising two interacting Majorana wires,where both nanowires are in proximity to a mesoscopic superconducting(SC)island.Each Majorana bound state(MBS)is coupled to one lead via a quantum dot with resonant levels.In this device,the nonlocal correlations can be induced in the absence of Majorana energy splitting.We find that the negative differential conductance and giant current noise cross correlation could be induced,due to the interplay between nonlocality of MBSs and dynamical Coulomb blockade effect.This feature may provide a signature for the existence of the MBSs.

Spatial, Temporal and Coherent Superposition of Quantum States, a Reinterpretation of the Quantum Superposition Principle

Spatial, temporal and coherent superposition of quantum states is considered. A consistent interpretation of the simultaneous superposition of stationary quantum states within material wave packets is proposed.

Prediction of microstructure evolution of ZK61 alloy during hot spinning by internal state variable model

An internal state variable(ISV)model was established according to the experimental results of hot plane strain compression(PSC)to predict the microstructure evolution during hot spinning of ZK61 alloy.The effects of the internal variables were considered in this ISV model,and the parameters were optimized by genetic algorithm.After validation,the ISV model was used to simulate the evolution of grain size(GS)and dynamic recrystallization(DRX)fraction during hot spinning via Abaqus and its subroutine Vumat.By comparing the simulated results with the experimental results,the application of the ISV model was proven to be reliable.Meanwhile,the strength of the thin-walled spun ZK61 tube increased from 303 to 334 MPa due to grain refinement by DRX and texture strengthening.Besides,some ultrafine grains(0.5μm)that played an important role in mechanical properties were formed due to the proliferation,movement,and entanglement of dislocations during the spinning process.

Machine learning based damage state identification:A novel perspective on fragility analysis for nuclear power plants considering structural uncertainties

Seismic fragility analysis(SFA)is known as an effective probabilistic-based approach used to evaluate seismic fragility.There are various sources of uncertainties associated with this approach.A nuclear power plant(NPP)system is an extremely important infrastructure and contains many structural uncertainties due to construction issues or structural deterioration during service.Simulation of structural uncertainties effects is a costly and time-consuming endeavor.A novel approach to SFA for the NPP considering structural uncertainties based on the damage state is proposed and examined.The results suggest that considering the structural uncertainties is essential in assessing the fragility of the NPP structure,and the impact of structural uncertainties tends to increase with the state of damage.Subsequently,machine learning(ML)is found to be superior in high-precision damage state identification of the NPP for reducing the time of nonlinear time-history analysis(NLTHA)and could be applied in the damage state-based SFA.Also,the impact of various sources of uncertainties is investigated through sensitivity analysis.The Sobol and Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)method can be complementary to each other and able to solve the problem of quantifying seismic and structural uncertainties simultaneously and the interaction effect of each parameter.

Supercritical-hydrothermal accelerated solid state reaction route for synthesis of LiMn_2O_4 cathode material for high-power Li-ion batteries

Synthesis of the spinel structure lithium manganese oxide （LiMn2O4） by supercritical hydrothermal （SH） accelerated solid state reaction （SSR） route was studied. The impacts of the reaction pressure, reaction temperature and reaction time of SH route, and the calcination temperature of SSR route on the purity, particle morphology and electrochemical properties of the prepared LiMn2O4 materials were studied. The experimental results show that after 15 min reaction in SH route at 400 ℃ and 30 MPa, the reaction time of SSR could be significantly decreased, e.g. down to 3 h with the formation temperature of 800 ℃, compared with the conventional solid state reaction method. The prepared LiMn2O4 material exhibits good crystallinity, uniform size distribution and good electrochemical performance, and has an initial specific capacity of 120 mA.h/g at a rate of 0.1C （1C=148 mA/g） and a good rate capability at high rates, even up to 50C.

基于Super-GBS简化基因组测序技术的柞蚕SNP位点挖掘

基于Super-GBS基因分型(super-genotyping-by-sequencing)技术开展柞蚕单核苷酸多态性标记(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)位点挖掘研究,旨在开发性状关联SNP分子标记,为柞蚕种质资源评价鉴定、遗传图谱构建、QTL定位提供数据支撑。以白体色小白蚕为母本、黄体色H04为父本,获得BC1M群体(110个)、F_(1)(3个)、P_(1)(1个)、P_(2)(1个)总计115个柞蚕材料,利用PstⅠ-HF/MspⅠ双酶切基因组构建Super-GBS文库并测序,使用BWA软件将过滤后的序列数据比对到柞蚕参考基因组,采用GATK软件开发SNP标记,使用SnpEff软件注释SNP位点及R语言分析遗传结构。测序共产生序列数据量为106.39 Gb,过滤后的平均读长为0.89 Gb,Q30测序质量值平均为90.11%,比对率平均为98.48%。共得到有效SNP位点141100个,主要位于基因间隔区、内含子区、基因下游、上游,其中C/T、A/G变异类型最多,转换与颠换的比例为1.296187∶1。SNP位点变异主要为同义突变和错义突变,产生修饰(MODIFIER)影响。主成分与聚类分析将115个样品分为4组(P_(1)、P_(2)、F_(1)、BC_(1)M),反映了样品的遗传背景及亲缘关系,群体遗传分化指数F_(ST)在0.0003777~0.8272间,群体遗传距离DR分布在0.0004~1.7556,F_(ST)与DR均表现出明显的遗传背景上的聚类。结果表明,Super-GBS技术能够获得大量柞蚕SNP位点信息,可用于SNP标记开发,且开发的SNP标记能够对115个样品的亲缘关系、体色演变进行解释,为今后柞蚕种质资源评价与鉴定、分子标记辅助育种工作奠定基础。

The enhanced element enrichment in the supercritical states of granite–pegmatite systems

In this paper, we show that supercritical fluids have a greater significance in the generation of pegmatites,and for ore-forming processes related to granites than is usually assumed. We show that the supercritical melt or fluid is a silicate phase in which volatiles; principally H_2O are completely miscible in all proportions at magmatic temperatures and pressures. This phase evolves from felsic melts and changes into hydrothermal fluids, and its unique properties are particularly important in sequestering and concentrating low abundance elements, such as metals. In our past research, we have focused on processes observed at upper crustal levels, however extensive work by us and other researchers have demonstrated that supercritical melt/fluids should be abundant in melting zones at deep-crustal levels too. We propose that these fluids may provide a connecting link between lower and upper crustal magmas,and a highly efficient transport mechanism for usually melt incompatible elements. In this paper, we explore the unique features of this fluid which allow the partitioning of variouselements and compounds, potentially up to extreme levels,and may explain various features both of mineralization and the magmas that produced them.

The entropic squeezing of superposition of two arbitrary coherent states

In this paper the superpositions of two arbitrary coherent states ｜ψ〉 = α ｜β｜ ＋ be^iψ ｜mβe^iδ〉 are constructed by using the superposition principle of quantum mechanics. The entropic squeezing effects of the quantum states are studied. The numerical results indicate that the amplitudes, the ratio between the amplitudes of two coherent states, the phase difference between the two components and the relative phase of the two coefficients play important roles in the squeezing effects of the position entropy and momentum entropy.

基于简化基因组测序(Super-GBS)的子午岭黑山羊保种群遗传结构评估

旨在分析子午岭黑山羊的群体遗传多样性和亲缘关系以及家系结构,为子午岭黑山羊的保护和利用提供依据。本研究通过简化基因组测序(super-genotyping by sequencing,Super-GBS)技术对99只(10公/89母)成年子午岭黑山羊进行全基因组SNP检测。利用Plink软件计算观测杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)、多态信息含量(PIC)、核苷酸多样性(Pi)、有效等位基因数(Ne)及次要等位基因频率(MAF)等6项遗传多样性指标;GCTA软件进行主成分分析及基因组亲缘关系G矩阵构建;Plink软件构建IBS遗传距离矩阵,R语言绘制热图;PHYLP构建系统发育树;detect RUNS工具检测ROH。结果表明,99只子午岭黑山羊个体共检测到996042个SNPs。子午岭黑山羊群体的PIC、Pi、Ne及MAF值分别是0.161、0.193、1.295、0.130,且Ho(0.167)低于He(0.192),说明子午岭黑山羊群体遗传多样性较低。G矩阵和IBS遗传距离结果均表明子午岭黑山羊群体间大部分个体间亲缘关系较远。主成分分析结果揭示子午岭黑山羊群体内部不存在明显分化,系统发育树结果说明子午岭黑山羊群体公羊可大致分为6个家系,所有家系公羊数量较少。子午岭黑山羊群体的近交系数FROH为0.0496,说明子午岭黑山羊群体内部近交程度相对较低。综上所述,子午岭黑山羊群体遗传多样性较低,大部分个体间亲缘关系较远,群体内近交程度较低,后期应注意后代的选育,避免血统流失。

SUPERPLASTICITY AND SOLID STATE BONDING OF TITANIUM ALLOYS

Experimental results related to solid state weldability of superplastic titanium alloys are presented. A correlation between superplastic flow and enhanced solid state weldability was established. It has been experimentally shown that a drop in the lower superplastic flow temperature with decreasing mean grain size provides an opportunity to decrease the temperature at whicmethods for titanium alloys.

Measurement-induced nonlocality in the W and Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger superposition states

Measurement-induced nonlocality（MIN） is a newly defined quantity to measure correlations in bipartite quantum states [Luo S and Fu S 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 120401]. MIN in the n-qubit W and Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger（GHZ） superposition states is considered. It is revealed that n = 3 and n ≥ 4 states have very different characteristics,especially the monogamy relation about MIN, and the monogamy equality of MIN is held in all n-qubit W states（n ≥ 3）.

The Wigner function and phase properties of superposition of two coherent states with the vacuum state

This paper discusses some statistical properties of the superposition of two coherent states with a vacuum state, such as sub-Poissonian photon statistics and negativity of the Wigner function. Phase probability distribution and phase variance are calculated. Special cases of the constructed superposition states are presented. The results show that depending on the vacuum state coefficient γ and the coherent state coefficient a, it can generate a variety of nonclassical states.

Super Resolution Perception for Improving Data Completeness in Smart Grid State Estimation

The smart grid is an evolving critical infrastructure,which combines renewable energy and the most advanced information and communication technologies to provide more economic and secure power supply services.To cope with the intermittency of ever-increasing renewable energy and ensure the security of the smart grid,state estimation,which serves as a basic tool for understanding the true states of a smart grid,should be performed with high frequency.More complete system state data are needed to support high-frequency state estimation.The data completeness problem for smart grid state estimation is therefore studied in this paper.The problem of improving data completeness by recovering highfrequency data from low-frequency data is formulated as a super resolution perception(SRP)problem in this paper.A novel machine-learning-based SRP approach is thereafter proposed.The proposed method,namely the Super Resolution Perception Net for State Estimation(SRPNSE),consists of three steps:feature extraction,information completion,and data reconstruction.Case studies have demonstrated the effectiveness and value of the proposed SRPNSE approach in recovering high-frequency data from low-frequency data for the state estimation.

Superconductivity and Normal-State Properties of Kagome Metal RbV_(3)Sb_(5) Single Crystals

We report the discovery of superconductivity and detailed normal-state physical properties of RbV_(3)Sb_(5) single crystals with V kagome lattice.RbV_(3)Sb_(5) single crystals show a superconducting transition at Tc~0.92 K.Meanwhile,resistivity,magnetization and heat capacity measurements indicate that it exhibits anomalies of properties at T*~102-103 K,possibly related to the formation of charge ordering state.When T is lower than T*,the Hall coefficient RH undergoes a drastic change and sign reversal from negative to positive,which can be partially explained by the enhanced mobility of hole-type carriers.In addition,the results of quantum oscillations show that there are some very small Fermi surfaces with low effective mass,consistent with the existence of multiple highly dispersive Dirac band near the Fermi energy level.

Amplitude-squared squeezing of superposition of coherent states

This paper discusses the amplitude-squared squeezing for the superposition of two coherent states with their phase differences being separately π/2, 3π/2, and π1, as well as for the superposition state of two pseudoclassical states. According to the analysis, it is found that the superposition state of two coherent states with their phase differences π/2 and 3π/2, and the superposition state of two pseudoclassical states both do exhibit the amplitude-squared squeezing. Also, some specific states are found to exhibit even stronger squeezing effects when relative phase of the superposition is equal to the average photon number. Amplitude-squared squeezing is dependent on the difference in phase between two coherent states.

Investigation of Micro Formability of Bulk Amorphous Alloy in the Supercooled Liquid State Based on Fluid Flow and Finite Element Analysis

Research results on the viscous flow deformation behavior of bulk amorphous alloy in different systems are reviewed. The material exhibits an ideal Newtonian fluid at a high temperature. Analytical solution of lamellar fluid flow behavior is used to discuss the viscous flow behavior of the bulk amorphous alloy in the supercooled liquid state. A material model, which describes such deformation behavior of Mg6oCusoYlo amorphous alloy, is introduced into the finite element method of microformin8 process. Surface feature size was investigated and found not sensitive to the micro formability. Bulk amorphous alloy may possibly be applied to microelectro-mechanical-systems （MEMS） fabrication.

Fast generating W state of three superconducting qubits via Lewis–Riesenfeld invariants

We propose a scheme for a fast generating three-qubit W state in a superconducting system by using a technique of shortcuts to adiabaticity, Lewis–Riesenfeld invariants. Three identical superconducting qubits（SQs） are connected by two coplanar waveguide resonators（CPWRs） capacitively. Under a certain limit condition, we convert the complicated SQ system into a simple three-state system. By designing experimentally accessible harmonic pulses, a three-SQ W state is implemented with quite short operation time and high fidelity. Numerical simulations prove that the scheme is robust against the parameter deviation. In addition, we also give detailed discussion about the scheme robustness against decoherence.

Decay pathways of superexcited states of nitrous oxide

The ionization and ionic dissociation of the superexcited state of N20 are studied by using electron energy loss spectroscopy and positive ion time-of-flight mass spectroscopy at different momentum transfers; that is, 0 and 0.23 a.u. （atomic unit） . The transitions at 13.8 eV and 14.0 eV are reassigned as 3pπ（000） and 3pσ（000） converging to A^2∑＋, respectively. The competition between the main decay pathways of superexcited states at different momentum transfers is revealed. It is found that 3dσ converging to C^2∑＋ mainly decays into N2O^＋ while 4dσ can decay into both N2^O＋ and NO^＋.

Isothermal superplastic solid state bonding of 40Cr and Cr12MoV steels based on surface modification

Based on the feasibility of isothermal superplastic solid state bonding of 40Cr and Cr12MoV steels, the surfaces of both steels to be bonded were ultra-fined through high frequency hardening, then the superplastic solid state bonding were conducted, the microstructure and fracture surface of bonded joint were observed and analysed, and bonding mechanisms was researched. The experimental results show that with the sample surfaces of 4OCr and Cr12MoV steels after the high frequeney hardening, under the prepressing stress of 56. 6 MPa, initidl strain rate of 1.5 × 10^ -2 min^-1 and at the bonding temperature of800 -820℃, the superplastic solid state bonding can be carried out in about 3.5 min, and the joint strength is up to that of 40Cr steel base metal and the radial expansion ratio of the joint does not exceed 6%. The saperplastic solid state bonding parameter of both steels is within the ranges of the isothermal compressive superplastic deformation of Cr12MoV steel, and the deformation in Cr12MoV steel side near the interfacial zone of joint presents the characteristic of superplasticity. In bonding process, the atoms in two sides of joint interface have diffused each other.

Ultrasonic C-scanning imaging inspection of superplastic solid-state welded joint quality

Based on a large amount of dissection at welded interface and quantitative microscopic examination of welded rate, the suitable limit grey scale value was determined, and the welded rate of superplastic solid state welding interface of heterogeneous steel was systematically studied by means of self made ultrasonic C scanning imaging inspection system. The experimental results show: the welded state of superplastic solid state welding interface of heterogeneous steel can be conducted to be more accurately, reliably and quickly inspected by means of this system, and the ultrasonic testing results are good consistent with actual examination results of the interface defective distribution. Within the extent of the suitble welded rate,the welded rate in 40Cr/T10A superplastic welding process tested by this system is linear with its tensile strength of joint.