Torque effect on vibration behavior of high-speed train gearbox under internal and external excitations

The high-speed train transmission system,experiencing both the internal excitation originating from gear meshing and the external excitation originating from the wheel-rail interaction,exhibits complex dynamic behavior in the actual service environment.This paper focuses on the gearbox in the high-speed train to carry out the bench test,in which various operat-ing conditions(torques and rotation speeds)were set up and the excitation condition covering both internal and external was created.Acceleration responses on multiple positions of the gearbox were acquired in the test and the vibration behavior of the gearbox was studied.Meanwhile,a stochastic excitation modal test was also carried out on the test bench under different torques,and the modal parameter of the gearbox was identified.Finally,the sweep frequency response of the gearbox under gear meshing excitation was analyzed through dynamic modeling.The results showed that the torque has an attenuating effect on the amplitude of gear meshing frequency on the gearbox,and the effect of external excitation on the gearbox vibration cannot be ignored,especially under the rated operating condition.It was also found that the torque affects the modal param-eter of the gearbox significantly.The torque has a great effect on both the gear meshing stiffness and the bearing stiffness in the transmission system,which is the inherent reason for the changed modal characteristics observed in the modal test and affects the vibration behavior of the gearbox consequently.

Effect of cognitive behavior therapy training and psychological nursing on the midwifery process in the delivery room

BACKGROUND The severe physical and psychological impact of pain on the physical and mental health of women during labor leads to increased risks and complications during childbirth,presenting a major public health concern.Some studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)has a positive effect on maternal psychology during delivery,reducing stress and shortening labor time.Thus,CBT training for mothers and delivery room staff may be beneficial in minimizing complications and adverse effects during natural birth.AIM To investigate the clinical effects of CBT training and psychological care during delivery,and their therapeutic effects on women in labor.METHODS This study used a retrospective analysis and included 140 mothers admitted to the maternity ward between January 2021 and January 2023.The study subjects were randomized into two groups:control(n=70)and observation(n=70).Routine care,CBT training,and psychological care were provided to mothers in both groups.Psychological status scores,delivery time,and satisfaction with care pre-and post-delivery were compared,and the incidence of complications after receiving care was analyzed between the two groups.RESULTS Although the psychological state of both groups improved significantly in the late stages of labor,the psychological state scores of the mothers in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the mothers in the control group(P<0.05).The duration of labor and incidence of complications in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The mothers in the observation group were significantly more satisfied with nursing care during the course of labor than those in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION CBT training and psychological care for mothers in the midwifery process can effectively improve anxiety and depression,shorten labor duration,reduce postnatal complications,and improve nursing satisfaction and nurse-patient relationships.Its clinical application is effective and has popularization value,providing a new way to protect maternal mental health.

Effect of behavior training on learning,memory and the expression of NR2B,GluR1 in hippocampus of rats offspring with fetal growth restriction

Objective： To study effects of behavior training on learning, memory and the expression of NR2B, GluR1 in hippocampus of rat＇ s offspring with fetal growth restriction（FGR）. Methods： The rat model of FGR was established by passive smoking method. The rats offspring were divided into the FGR group and the control group, then randomly divided into the trained and untrained group, respectively. Morris water maze test was proceeded on postnatal month（PM2/4） as a behavior training method, then the learning-memory of rats was detected through dark-avoidance and step-down tests. The expressions of NR2B and GluR1 subunits in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 areas were detected by immunohistochemical method. Results： In the dark-avoidance and step-down tests, the performance record of rats with FGR was worse than that of control rats, and the behavior-trained rats was better than the untrained rats, when the FGR model and training factors were analyzed singly. The model factor and training factor had significant interaction（P 〈 0.05）. The expressions of NR2B and GluR1 subunits in hippocampal CA1 and CA3 areas of rats with FGR reduced. In contrast, the expressions of GluR1 and NR2B subunits in CA1 area of behavior-trained rats increased, when the FGR model and training factors were analyzed singly. Conclusion： These findings suggested that the effect of behavior training on the expressions of NR2B and GluR1 subunits in CA1 area should be the mechanistic basis for the training-induced improvement in learning-memory abilities.

A Critical Discourse Analysis on the Teacher Behavioral Norms of English Training School

With a Critical Discourse Analysis approach, this essay reveals four types of discourses: discourse of examination, instruction, technology and regulation. Based on the analysis of power relation among those discourses, a vivid picture of teachers' identity at training-school has been clearly sketched. That is, teacher at training-school is a puppet acting as not only the transmitter of specific knowledge, but also the supervisor of rules and spokesman of institution.

Prenatal programing of motivated behaviors:can innate immunity prime behavior?

Prenatal programming during pregnancy sets physiological outcomes in the offspring by integrating external or internal stimuli.Accordingly,pregnancy is an important stage of physiological adaptations to the environment where the fetus becomes exposed and adapted to the maternal milieu.Maternal exposure to high-energy dense diets can affect motivated behavior in the offs p ring leading to addiction and impaired sociability.A high-energy dense exposure also increases the pro-inflammatory cytokines profile in plasma and brain and favors microglia activation in the offspring.While still under investigation,prenatal exposure to high-energy dense diets promotes structural abnormalities in selective brain regions regulating motivation and social behavior in the offspring.The current review addresses the role of energy-dense foods programming central and peripheral inflammatory profiles during embryonic development and its effect on motivated behavior in the offspring.We provide preclinical and clinical evidence that supports the contribution of prenatal programming in shaping immune profiles that favor structural and brain circuit disruption leading to aberrant motivated behaviors after birth.We hope this minireview encourages future research on novel insights into the mechanisms underlying maternal programming of motivated behavior by central immune networks.

Effect of behavior training on learning and memory of young rats with fetal growth restriction

Objective: To investigate the effect of behavior training on the learning and memory of young rats with fetal growth restriction (FGR). Methods: The model of FGR was established by passive smoking method to pregnant rats. The new-born rats were divided into FGR group and normal group, and then randomly subdivided into trained and untrained group respectively. Morris water maze behavior training was performed on postnatal months 2 and 4, then learning and memory abilities of young rats were measured by dark-avoidance testing and step-down testing. Results: In the dark-avoidance and step-down testing, the young rats’ performance of FGR group was worse than that of control group, and the trained group was better than the untrained group significantly. Conclusion: FGR young rats have descended learning and memory abilities. Behavior training could improve the young rats’ learning and memory abilities, especially for the FGR young rats.

Differential Impact of an Executive-Function and a Social Cognition Training on Preschoolers with Externalizing Behavior Problems

In preschoolers, externalizing behavior problems are a primary cause of consultation. It is known that externalizing behavior (EB) could result from individual and environmental risk factors. Individual risk factors included notably social cognition (SC) and executive functions (EF). A high level of EB has usually been related to dysfunction in SC and to poor skills in EF. The aim of the present experimental study is to compare the impact of two very targeted child-oriented trainings in the increasing of social competence and decreasing of EB in preschoolers. One training targeted SC abilities while the second one targeted EF capacities. These two trainings were compared on 48 preschoolers presenting clinically relevant levels of EB. The comparison of those results highlighted how each training could help preschoolers with EB in their behavior, emotion regulation and social adjustment. In comparison to a waiting-list control-group, the two trainings were effective in decreasing EB and differentiated impacts of the two trainings were obtained on different dimensions of profiles of social competence and emotion regulation. Results are discussed for their research and clinical implications.

脑卒中后眼球运动障碍行为视觉训练的效果

目的探讨行为视觉训练对脑卒中后眼球运动障碍的效果。方法2023年8月至10月,北京博爱医院脑卒中后眼球运动障碍住院患者21例,行行为视觉训练,包括脑视觉训练和视觉融合训练,共4周。治疗前后,采用Snellen视力表、斜视三棱镜度和近立体视功能评价视觉功能。结果训练后,患者右眼和左眼视力均明显改善(Z_(右眼)=-3.601,Z_(左眼)=3.012,P<0.01);斜视三棱镜度显著减小(t=8.930,P<0.001);近立体视功能无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论行为视觉训练可以改善脑卒中后眼球运动障碍患者的视力,减轻斜视。

孤独症谱系障碍RUBI-PT方案的改编及适应性调查

目的·探究“行为干预研究单位孤独症网络家长培训”[the Research Units in Behavioral Intervention(RUBI)Autism Network Parent Training,RUBI-PT]方案的中国本土化改编并对其适应性进行调查。方法·按照文化改编的4个步骤对RUBI-PT方案进行改编,包括信息收集、初步改编设计、初步改编测试、进一步调整。信息收集阶段邀请了6位儿科专家和2位心理治疗师进行6次焦点小组访谈,并根据专家意见从语言、治疗形式、治疗设置等方面对RUBI-PT方案进行初步改编;初步改编测试阶段招募了16位孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)患儿的家长,分2批参加线上RUBI-PT,结束后收集项目反馈问卷并行适应性调查分析,最后根据测试结果进行方案的进一步调整。结果·RUBI-PT的初步改编方案由个体培训调整为团体培训,包含8次核心技能课程,采用线上会议形式实施。初步测试结果显示,家长对于上课进度、上课过程、课后作业完成情况、作业点评情况的满意度分别为90%、80%、100%和100%;课程难度方面,第7次课(功能性沟通训练)和第8次课(教授技能)的难度最大。依据上述调查结果和专家小组意见完成进一步调整,最终形成本土化RUBI-PT的改编方案。结论·经过改编和适应性调查,形成了适用于中国ASD儿童家庭的家长行为训练策略即RUBI-PT。

桥上脱轨列车姿态演变行为与倾覆风险研究

针对高速列车桥上脱轨后的车体姿态演变行为与倾覆风险问题,通过多体动力学方法,建立八编组整车−桥梁防护墙多体动力学模型并开展数值研究。首先,通过相同工况下多体动力学结果与有限元方法结果,对比验证本文模型的正确性。然后,通过数值模拟分别研究直线空载高速列车、直线满载高速列车、曲线不同离心加速度下高速列车脱轨后的动力学演变行为。研究结果表明:桥上脱轨列车与防护墙发生撞击后,会出现明显的车轮跳起和车体大幅度侧滚现象,各车存在极大从右后向左前翻滚到线路外侧坠落的风险;桥梁曲线脱轨比直线脱轨更加危险,会出现明显的甩尾现象,离心加速度越大,甩尾现象越明显。

多感官刺激联合多领域认知训练对阿尔茨海默病患者精神行为症状的影响

目的探讨多感官刺激联合多领域认知训练对阿尔茨海默病患者(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)精神行为症状的影响。方法便利抽样选取2023年2-4月某医院神经内科病房收治的AD患者共94例,对照组予常规护理,试验组在此基础上实施多感官刺激联合多领域认知训练。干预前后采用神经精神量表(neu-ropsychiatric inventory,NPI)、科恩-曼斯菲尔德激越行为量表(Cohen-Mansfield agitation inventory,CMAI)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(Hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale,HAMD)评价两组患者的精神行为、情绪变化。结果试验组患者在接受干预后的NPI、CMAI、HAMA和HAMD评分明显低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论对AD患者实施多感官刺激联合多领域认知训练,可有效降低其激越行为的发生率,改善焦虑和抑郁等负面情绪。

医护人员的临终关怀态度和安宁疗护行为调查

目的 了解临床医护人员临终关怀态度与安宁疗护行为现况,探讨安宁疗护行为的影响因素。方法 采用临终关怀态度调查量表和安宁疗护行为测量量表对425名临床医护人员进行调查。结果 临床医护人员安宁疗护行为得分为(48.00±10.14)分,显著低于安宁疗护机构医护人员(P<0.05);临终关怀态度得分为(103.72±10.70)分。临终关怀态度与安宁疗护行为呈正相关(P<0.05)。分层回归分析结果显示,男性、已婚以及接受过临终关怀教育的医护人员安宁疗护行为水平较高;临终关怀态度中以患者及其家属为中心的照顾意识维度能独立解释安宁疗护行为总变异的11.6%。结论 临床医护人员临终关怀态度总体偏正向,安宁疗护行为有待进一步提升,临终关怀态度对安宁疗护行为具有重要的促进作用。医院应通过开展专业培训,提升医护人员安宁疗护行为能力。

组织行为学视角下某医院青年人才培养的理论分析与实践探索

青年人才是推动公立医院高质量发展的重要资源与后备力量。现实中,青年人才培养离不开工作(岗位)设计、组织结构、组织文化等组织内部行为和客观环境,需要找到适宜的培养路径和方法增强青年人才工作动力、提升青年人才发展主动性和创新性、筑牢青年人才秉持医院公益性理念,更好地服务医疗卫生战略需求。北京天坛医院基于组织行为学,积极推进“人才强院”战略,根据医、药、技、护、管各岗位特点,基于青年人才岗位培养历练等组织要素,打造应用复合型青年人才培养的“苗圃工程”,大力推动实施“青年科学家计划”,为不同类型青年人才提供高质量培养与发展平台。

黄河上游农牧民技能培训意愿影响因素研究

加快推动黄河上游地区共同富裕是国家战略的重中之重。赋予农牧民技能是促进乡村人才振兴和农业农村现代化的重要途径。研究农牧民接受培训的影响因素,提升农牧民技能对于农牧民增收致富具有重要意义。通过对黄河上游18个县农牧民进行技能培训的调查获得743份调查问卷和访谈资料。运用主成分分析得出年龄、参加技能培训经历、家庭人口数等因素对农民接受技能培训意愿相较于其他因素影响较大。进一步分析得出家人支持、现在所学过的技术培训与个人需要的契合、培训后会有赚钱的机会、所培训的内容在未来得到应用等与再次培训意愿存在显著正相关。提出了广泛开展技能培训的宣传、按需分类制订技能培训计划、巩固技能培训成果和建立长效培训机制等对策。

肺康复训练结合认知行为护理对间质性肺疾病病人疾病知识掌握程度及肺功能的影响

目的:观察肺康复训练结合认知行为护理对间质性肺疾病(ILD)病人疾病知识掌握程度及肺功能的影响。方法:依据随机数字表法将医院2022年4月-2023年8月收治的78例ILD病人分为对照组、观察组各39例。对照组实施肺康复训练,在此基础上观察组实施认知行为护理。结果:与对照组疾病知识掌握率相比,观察组高(P<0.05);干预后两组FVC、FEV_1、DLco均提高,且观察组较对照组高(P<0.05);与对照组总依从性比较,观察组高(P<0.05);干预后两组GQOL-74评分均提高,且观察组较对照组高(P<0.05)。结论:肺康复训练结合认知行为护理可提高ILD病人对疾病知识掌握度,促进康复锻炼依从性的提升,利于病人肺功能的恢复,提高病人生活质量。

认知神经及语言训练配合感觉统合训练对自闭症患儿的干预效果

目的 探讨认知神经及语言训练配合感觉统合训练对自闭症患儿的干预效果。方法 选取2022年1月至2023年1月我院收治的自闭症患儿90例,随机分为两组各45例。对照组实施常规训练,观察组实施认知神经及语言训练配合感觉统合训练。对比两组的语言发育状态、孤独行为和感觉统合能力。结果 干预后,观察组孤独症儿童心理教育量表评分高于对照组,孤独症儿童行为检查量表评分低于对照组,儿童感觉统合能力发展评定量表评分高于对照组(P <0.05)。结论 认知神经及语言训练配合感觉统合训练可有效提高自闭症患儿的语言发育状态及感觉统合能力,改善其孤独行为。

行为转变理论护理联合被动康复训练对脑出血患者术后康复效果的影响

目的分析行为转变理论护理联合被动康复训练对脑出血患者术后康复效果的作用。方法选取2021年1月至2023年1月我院护理的60例脑出血术后患者,按随机数字表法将患者分为试验组(30例)和对照组(30例),分别予以行为转变理论护理联合被动康复训练、单独被动康复训练,对比两组康复效果、认知功能、自我管理能力水平改善情况以及不良反应发生情况。结果试验组优良率高于对照组(P<0.05),护理前,两组认知功能评分以及自我管理能力评分相比无明显差异(P>0.05),护理后,试验组认知功能评分、自我管理能力评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论行为转变理论护理联合被动康复训练在脑出血术后患者的的应用,可提高患者康复优良率,提升患者认知功能及自我管理能力,降低不良反应。

空灵鼓康复训练联合音乐疗法对中青年脑卒中伴行为记忆障碍患者重返工作能力及个人掌控感的影响

目的探讨空灵鼓康复训练联合音乐疗法对中青年脑卒中伴行为记忆障碍患者重返工作能力及个人掌控感的影响。方法选取2022-01—2023-01首都医科大学附属北京康复医院收治的82例中青年脑卒中患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组41例,观察组41例。对照组实施常规康复训练,观察组在对照组基础上实施空灵鼓康复训练+音乐疗法干预。比较2组神经功能、运动功能、认知功能、日常生活能力、个人掌控感、重返工作能力、心理情绪。结果2组干预后美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表(NIHSS)评分均有降低,简易智能精神状态评价量表(MMSE)、生活自理能力量表(ADL)、简式Fugl-Meyer运动功能量表(FMA)评分均有升高(P<0.05);且观察组干预后NIHSS评分降低更明显,MMSE、FMA、ADL评分升高更明显(P<0.05)。2组干预后焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均有降低(P<0.05);且观察组干预后SAS、SDS评分降低更明显(P<0.05)。2组干预后个人掌控感量表(PMS)、中文版工作能力支持量表(WSS)评分均有升高(P<0.05);且观察组干预后PMS、WSS评分升高更明显(P<0.05)。结论在中青年脑卒中伴行为记忆障碍患者中实施空灵鼓康复训练联合音乐疗法,可促进患者神经、认知、运动功能恢复,改善其不良心理情绪,提高其重返工作能力及个人掌控感水平。

职场适应在规范化培训护士逆境商与主动职业行为之间的中介效应

目的探讨规范化培训护士逆境商与主动职业行为的关系,以及职场适应的中介作用。方法采取便利抽样法,于2021年12月-2022年3月,采用一般资料调查表、职场适应量表、逆境商量表、主动职业行为量表对新疆5家三级医院486名规范化培训护士进行问卷调查。结果规范化培训护士逆境商、职场适应、主动职业行为得分分别为(121.72±17.59)分、(58.91±9.17)分、(42.17±9.84)分,职场适应、逆境商、主动职业行为均呈显著正相关(r=0.561~0.707,P<0.001);职场适应在逆境商与主动职业行为之间起部分中介作用(效应值为0.21,95%CI:0.12~0.27)。结论规范化培训护士逆境商、职场适应、主动职业行为均处于中等水平,逆境商不仅可以直接影响主动职业行为,还可以通过职场适应的中介作用对主动职业行为产生间接影响。建议管理者对规培护士进行逆商教育,通过正确的心理培训改善其应对挫折的能力,提高职场适应力,从而提高其主动职业行为水平。