The mass transfer between non-aqueous phase liquid(NAPL) phase and soil gas phase in soil vapor extraction(SVE) process has been investigated by one-dimensional venting experiments. During quasi-steady volatilization ...The mass transfer between non-aqueous phase liquid(NAPL) phase and soil gas phase in soil vapor extraction(SVE) process has been investigated by one-dimensional venting experiments. During quasi-steady volatilization of three single-component NAPLs in a sandy soil, constant initial lumped mass transfer coefficient (λgN,0) canbe obtained if the relative saturation (ξ) between NAPL phase and gas phase is higher than a critical value (ξc), andthe lumped mass transfer coefficient decreases with ξ when ξ＜ξc. It is also shown that the lumped mass transfercoefficient can be increased by blending porous micro-particles into the sandy soil because of the increasing of theinterfacial area.展开更多
A one-dimensional column is set up to study the mass transfer during air sparging process for methyl tertiary butyl ether（MTBE） removal in saturated soil and groundwater, with the condition of different airflow and ...A one-dimensional column is set up to study the mass transfer during air sparging process for methyl tertiary butyl ether（MTBE） removal in saturated soil and groundwater, with the condition of different airflow and soil penetrability. It is shown that the removal rate of MTBE can reach 80%, 90% and 95% when airflow is 0.05 m^3/h, 0. 085 m^3/h and 0. 10 m^3/h, respectively. Increasing airflow will help to increase the removal rate of dissolved MTBE, but eventually a threshold removal rate is reached, above which further increasing air injection rates does not increase the removal rate. Fine sand allows the injected air to travel in bubble form, while coarse sand and medium sand allow the injected air to travel in the form of discrete channels; the greater the soil grain size is, the more extensive the channel net work forms, which in turn leads to higher removal rate. A tailing effect of lingering residual contaminant concentrations occur within the fine sand. About 20% of MTBE cannot be removed.展开更多
Objective To investigate the apoptosis of epididyrnis epithelium and the change of epididymissialic acid following torsed/detorsed testes. Methods Twenty four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilatera...Objective To investigate the apoptosis of epididyrnis epithelium and the change of epididymissialic acid following torsed/detorsed testes. Methods Twenty four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral 720 testicular torsion with the duration of 2h and 4h, then repaired. The ischemic epididymis were collected for detecting the content of sialic acid by using spectrophotometry and the apoptosis with TUNEL technique. Results There were no statistically significant difference in the apoptosis of epididymis epithelium [(9.51± 2.78)% vs (6.34±1. 98)%] and the content of epididymis sialic acid(23, 3851 ± 9. 2199mg/mgprot vs 19. 3661 6. 3373mg/mgprot) at 24h between following 2h-torsed/detorsed testes and those of sham group. There were statistically significant difference in the apopotosis of epididymis epithelium[ (46. 81 ±3. 55)% vs (6. 34±1. 98) % ] and the content of epididymis sialic acid (13. 7249±7. 8006mg/mgprot vs 19. 3661±6. 3373mg/mgprot) at 24h between following 4h-torsed/detorsed testes and those of sham group(P <0. 05). Conclusion The results suggest that the sialic acid-secreting-function of epididymis remain normal at 24h following 2h-torsed/detorsed testes, while the apoptosis index of epididymis epithelium do not increase. The epididymis would be injured at 24h following 4h-torsed/detorsed testes, while the apoptosis index increased.展开更多
Corneal inlays and onlays represent a means of providing patients with permanent refractive error correction. As an alternative to conventional spectacles and contact lens, these techniques are less invasive compared ...Corneal inlays and onlays represent a means of providing patients with permanent refractive error correction. As an alternative to conventional spectacles and contact lens, these techniques are less invasive compared with laser-based refractive surgery and are reversible. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the anatomic microstructure of the human cornea, indicating the primary physiological function for each component. Next, the wide range of biomaterials used as corneal inlays and onlays are considered, from synthetic polymers to biological components derived from the extracellular matrix. The limitations and challenges associated with the most common materials are discussed as is the need to improve their properties to achieve long-term, complication-free intraocular implantation. Finally, the prospect of applying tissue engineering strategies is noted for its potential to generate autologous corneal tissue that could be implanted as the optimal inlay or onlay materials.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20276048).
文摘The mass transfer between non-aqueous phase liquid(NAPL) phase and soil gas phase in soil vapor extraction(SVE) process has been investigated by one-dimensional venting experiments. During quasi-steady volatilization of three single-component NAPLs in a sandy soil, constant initial lumped mass transfer coefficient (λgN,0) canbe obtained if the relative saturation (ξ) between NAPL phase and gas phase is higher than a critical value (ξc), andthe lumped mass transfer coefficient decreases with ξ when ξ＜ξc. It is also shown that the lumped mass transfercoefficient can be increased by blending porous micro-particles into the sandy soil because of the increasing of theinterfacial area.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 20276048)
文摘A one-dimensional column is set up to study the mass transfer during air sparging process for methyl tertiary butyl ether（MTBE） removal in saturated soil and groundwater, with the condition of different airflow and soil penetrability. It is shown that the removal rate of MTBE can reach 80%, 90% and 95% when airflow is 0.05 m^3/h, 0. 085 m^3/h and 0. 10 m^3/h, respectively. Increasing airflow will help to increase the removal rate of dissolved MTBE, but eventually a threshold removal rate is reached, above which further increasing air injection rates does not increase the removal rate. Fine sand allows the injected air to travel in bubble form, while coarse sand and medium sand allow the injected air to travel in the form of discrete channels; the greater the soil grain size is, the more extensive the channel net work forms, which in turn leads to higher removal rate. A tailing effect of lingering residual contaminant concentrations occur within the fine sand. About 20% of MTBE cannot be removed.
文摘Objective To investigate the apoptosis of epididyrnis epithelium and the change of epididymissialic acid following torsed/detorsed testes. Methods Twenty four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral 720 testicular torsion with the duration of 2h and 4h, then repaired. The ischemic epididymis were collected for detecting the content of sialic acid by using spectrophotometry and the apoptosis with TUNEL technique. Results There were no statistically significant difference in the apoptosis of epididymis epithelium [(9.51± 2.78)% vs (6.34±1. 98)%] and the content of epididymis sialic acid(23, 3851 ± 9. 2199mg/mgprot vs 19. 3661 6. 3373mg/mgprot) at 24h between following 2h-torsed/detorsed testes and those of sham group. There were statistically significant difference in the apopotosis of epididymis epithelium[ (46. 81 ±3. 55)% vs (6. 34±1. 98) % ] and the content of epididymis sialic acid (13. 7249±7. 8006mg/mgprot vs 19. 3661±6. 3373mg/mgprot) at 24h between following 4h-torsed/detorsed testes and those of sham group(P <0. 05). Conclusion The results suggest that the sialic acid-secreting-function of epididymis remain normal at 24h following 2h-torsed/detorsed testes, while the apoptosis index of epididymis epithelium do not increase. The epididymis would be injured at 24h following 4h-torsed/detorsed testes, while the apoptosis index increased.
基金the financial support from NIH grants(EY016415)to J.L.FunderburghCore grant(P30-EY08098)+1 种基金Other support was received from the Ocular Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Ophthalmology(OTERO)program of the Louis J Fox Center for Vision Restorationthe McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine,Research to Prevent Blindness Inc
文摘Corneal inlays and onlays represent a means of providing patients with permanent refractive error correction. As an alternative to conventional spectacles and contact lens, these techniques are less invasive compared with laser-based refractive surgery and are reversible. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the anatomic microstructure of the human cornea, indicating the primary physiological function for each component. Next, the wide range of biomaterials used as corneal inlays and onlays are considered, from synthetic polymers to biological components derived from the extracellular matrix. The limitations and challenges associated with the most common materials are discussed as is the need to improve their properties to achieve long-term, complication-free intraocular implantation. Finally, the prospect of applying tissue engineering strategies is noted for its potential to generate autologous corneal tissue that could be implanted as the optimal inlay or onlay materials.
