稳幅范围、稳幅精度与De-Qing电路的设计

De—Qing电路的设计历来都是从它的稳定工作的必要条件出发,求得网络元件参数。本文从理论分析证明De-Qing工作有一限制的范围,这一范围既决定于所选元件参数,更大程度上取决于设计者所期望的稳幅精度。

远红外FEL微波源调制器De-Qing稳幅电路设计

远红外自由电子激光(FEL)对微波源的幅度稳定度有特殊要求,因此,选用有突出优点的阻容振荡型[(De)22.7(-)]Qing电路作为微波源的脉间稳幅控制线路。电路设计采用新的设计路线,首先引入电压调整深度概念,用归一化设计,分析推导出与稳幅精度有关的各种因素和相互关系,然后以稳幅精度0.2%为条件求出电路各参数的限制范围,最后通过实验确定各元件参数的标称值。最终实现了微波源高压脉冲幅度稳定精度0.15%,满足了远红外自由电子激光实验需求。

管弦乐Qing-Diao(《清调》)研究——贾国平音乐创作的观念、技术与文化

20世纪90年代,十二音创作技术与序列思维依然对中国作曲家的创作产生着影响。他们在借用这种思维与技巧进行创作的同时,亦采用了各种方式来阐释民族文化。贾国平的管弦乐Qing-Diao(《清调》)便是这样一部作品。其中,无论是从作品“标签化”的标题、对传统音乐素材的处理、作品中单声思维的观念,还是整体音乐语言的组织与陈述方式,无不显示出作曲家在传承中国民族文化过程中观念的形成与技术的创新。

关于de-Qing电路失灵保护

一、引言在电子直线加速器领域,基于能量稳定性的考虑,在雷达领域,由于信号稳定度要求,它们的功率脉冲发生器普遍采用脉间稳幅电路。而在电子直线加速器范围内,几乎无例外地采用de-Qing电路作为脉间稳幅手段。实践表明,任何电路都有失误的可能。

阻容振荡型“De-Qing”电路参数的最佳设计

在调制器电压调整技术中,发展了阻容振荡型“De-Qing”电路最佳设计。当引入一个新的参数T_3/T后,则“De-Qing”电路参数的选择变得十分简捷,可以一次求出最佳参数。求出的“De-Qing”电路参数可以使电路在调整度由零到最大设计值的整个范围内均能工作。当“De-Qing”电路中时间常数选为3RC或5RC时,调整度极值分别为0.36或0.29。

Therapeutic efficacy of the Qing Dai in patients with intractable ulcerative colitis

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that may become intractable when treated with conventional medications such as aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, and azathioprine. The herbal medicine Qing Dai has traditionally been used in Chinese medicine to treat UC patients, but there is a lack of published data on the efficacy of Qing Dai in UC treatment. We report several cases of patients with intractable UC who take Qing Dai in a retrospective observational study. Furthermore, we explore the mechanisms of action of Qing Dai. Nine patients with active UC who received conventional medications but wished to receive Qing Dai as an alternative medication were included in our analysis. The UC severity level was determined based on the clinical activity index (CAI). Additionally, 5 of the 9 patients were endoscopically evaluated according to the Matts grading system. Each patient received 2 g/d of Qing Dai orally and continued taking other medications for UC as prescribed. Electron spin resonance was applied to explore the mechanisms of action of Qing Dai. After 4 mo of treatment with Qing Dai, the CAI score decreased from 8.3 ± 2.4 to 2.4 ± 3.4 (mean ± SD; P < 0.001). Similarly, the endoscopic Matts grade decreased from 3.4 ± 0.5 to 2.2 ± 0.8 (P = 0.02). Six of 7 patients who were on prednisolone upon enrollment in the study were able to discontinue this corticosteroid. Electron spin resonance revealed that Qing Dai possesses strong hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Qing Dai showed significant clinical and endoscopic efficacy in patients who failed to respond to conventional medications. Scavenging of hydroxyl radicals appears to be a potential mechanism through which Qing Dai acts, but the significance of the scavenging ability of Qing Dai with respect to the anti-inflammatory effect in UC patients warrants further investigation.

Systems pharmacology approach reveals protective mechanisms of Jian-Pi Qing-Chang decoction on ulcerative colitis

BACKGROUND Given the complex pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), the conventional therapeutic methods are not fully curative. As a sort of systematic complementary and alternative medicine, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provides new options for the standard therapy. Nevertheless, there are still numerous problems with the promotion of TCM attributed to its complexity, and consequently, new research approaches are urgently needed. Thus, we explored the protective effects of Jian-Pi Qing-Chang (JPQC) decoction on UC based on systems pharmacology approach, which might fill the current innovation gap in drug discovery and clinical practice pertaining to TCM. AIM To investigate the protective mechanisms of JPQC decoction on UC based on systems pharmacology approach. METHODS We performed systems pharmacology to predict the active ingredients, the matched targets, and the potential pharmacological mechanism of JPQC on UC. In vivo, we explored the effects of JPQC in a colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium. In vitro, we adopted the bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) as well as BMDMs co-cultured with Caco2 cells to verify the underlying mechanisms and effects of JPQC on UC under TNF-α stimulation. RESULTS Systems pharmacology revealed 170 targets for the 107 active ingredients of JPQC and 112 candidate targets of UC. Protein-protein interaction networks were established to identify the underlying therapeutic targets of JPQC on UC. Based on enrichment analyses, we proposed our hypothesis that JPQC might have a protective effect on UC via the NF-κB/HIF-1α signalling pathway. Subsequent experimental validation revealed that treatment with TNFα activated the NF-κB/HIF-1α signalling pathway in BMDMs, thereby damaging the epithelial barrier permeability in co-cultured Caco2 cells, while JPQC rescued this situation. The findings were also confirmed in a dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis model. CONCLUSION JPQC could improve the mucosal inflammatory response and intestinal epithelial barrier function via the NF-κB/HIF-1α signalling pathway, which provides new perspectives on the pharmaceutical development and clinical practice of TCM.

Characteristics and origin of ore-forming fluids of Jinchangqing gold (copper) ore deposit (s) in Xiangyun, Yunnan Province

On the basis of results of the studies of primary fluid inclusions, and the hydrogen and oxygen isotope data, the authors concluded that the early-stage ore-forming fluid from the Jinchangqing gold (copper) ore deposit is a kind of sulfate type hot brine characterized by medium temperature and salinity, genetically related to the late-stage ore-forming fluid derived from an acidic and more reductive environment. However, the late-stage ore-forming fluid is a sort of low temperature and low salinity chloride-type hot brine which originated from a lower pressure, acidic and more oxidative environment. In general, the ore fluids were derived from the late-stage, or largely from the early-stage groundwater-derived meteoric water, which has a 12‰-17‰ heavier oxygen isotopic composition than the original rain water (δ{}+{18}O={-15.3‰}), and were formed during gold mineralization as a product of oxygen isotope exchange during the reaction between ore-forming fluid and wall rocks under a lower water/rock ratio condition.

THE UPLIFT PROCESS OF QING-ZANG PLATEAU

The uplift of Qing—Zang (Qinghai—Tibet) plateau was the most important event in the late Cenozoic, which deeply influenced the environments of the World, especially those of China. Since the uplift is so important and complex that it has been become the research focus of earth science. Nevertheless, the initial time and evolution process of the uplift is still controversial.1\ The initial time of the uplift\;Qing\|Zang plateau is a union geological\|geomorphic unit, which is composed of several geological\|structural units. Each geological\|structural unit has itself exchange history of sea\|continent (basin\|mountain); the exchange time of the different parts differs. Therefore, the initial time of some part of the plateau is not the uplift time of the whole plateau. The plateau is the highland with high height above sea level, little relief of the top, large area and steep boundary. The plateau plane is the paleo\|peneplain, which was formed by the uplift of the plateau after the peneplanation. Therefore, the initial time of the uplift should be counted from the time that the peneplain had been formed.

SHANGHAI'S FASHION DURING THE LATE QING DYNASTY PERIOD

The goal of this research is to describe and analyse Shanghai’s fashion in Late Qing Dynasty (the 1840’s-1911), with an emphasis on the fashionable clothing worn by adult. Three aspects is discussed: the development of as a fashion center, the men’s fashion in Shanghai and the women’s fashion in Shanghai. In these parts, the style, textiles, colour, decoration and combination of clothing are described. Many costumes from museums and private collections as well as some historical writings, paintings and photographs are elucidated to give a description about Shanghai’s fashion looks during that period.Here are some tentative conclusions. Firstly, Shanghai has always been a fashion center in China since 1860’s. Shimao was the most important characteristic of clothing. Secondly, fashion of traditional clothing was described as highly stylized, gorgeous, exquisite, miscellaneous, detailed and multicolored. Thirdly, the influence of Western clothing was upwards. It was more obvious in Shanghai than in

Onshore Contribution to the Microbial Communities in the Lakes on the Qing-Tibetan Plateau

The inland lakes on the Tibetan Plateau are inhabited by diverse microbial communities,which play a significant role in biogeochemical cycles of biogenic elements(e.g.carbon,nitrogen).Onshore inputs provide essential

Prominent Manifestations of National Thoughts in Development Characteristics of Literature in the Qing Dynasty

It is analyzed from the time and society development background that the social nature was subject to concrete changes in the early Qing Dynasty,middle and latter periods of Qing Dynasty and the late Qing Dynasty due to different China's social development backgrounds,but the establishing target of the national thought subject in the literature development characteristics is not transferred. The revitalization of national development is considered as the fundamental to establish positive national spirit and directly safeguard and defend the national dignity,so that the literature in the Qing Dynasty becomes the cultural thought action force to promote developing and growing Chinese nation.

Literary Construction of Liang Qichao's China Dream in Late Qing Dynasty--Based on the Perspective of Liang Qichao's Political Novels

Liang Qichao actually influenced Chinese society of late Qing dynasty in a great and profound way.H e founded several political newspapers,pioneered a literary style called political commentary and wrote many political fictions,which fully embody his deep thinking over China’s destiny at that time under impacts of western politics as well as his practical activities.H is political fiction does not only pioneer new forms and contents of modern fiction,but also play a crucial role in leading numerous writers to construct a"Chinese Dream"literature by granting politics as theme of fiction and shaping of political heroes.W hat’s more,his political fiction also becomes a basis of integration between literature and politics.

On the Literary Psychology Evolution of Denial Novels of the Qing Dynasty

This paper introduces the denial of the popular novels of the Qing Dynasty,and based on such introduction,it further analyzes the reasons why literary works represented by popular novels in the Qing Dynasty were denied and the influence upon cultural communication of denial.From the perspective of the mainstream cultural status and the actual situation,it explores the guidance function of literary psychology evolution,showing that the Chinese novels,as literary works,have the rational and responsible value.

The Disillusionment of the National Ideal Image of China During the Reign of the Qing Dynasty

The author analyzed the subjective factors of the gradual disillusionment of China’s national image, which can be summed up as the increasingly conservative ruling policy of the Qing Dynasty, the increasingly extravagant and corrupt feudal ruling groups, the increasing diplomatic strategy of seclusion and the increasingly imprisoned ruling ideology. The root cause lay in the decline of agricultural civilization and the rise of industrial civilization. The seclusion of the Qing Dynasty caused China to miss the wave of industrial civilization development, and finally led to the reversal of the image of the West and China.

Spatial Characteristics of Royal Gardens in the Early Qing Dynasty: A Case Study of Emperor Yongzheng Enjoying the Happiness of a Family Union in Twelve Lunar Months

Taking the painting Emperor Yongzheng Enjoying the Happiness of a Family Union in Twelve Lunar Months for example, this study explored the spatial characteristics of the architecture and garden reflected by the scroll against the background of the Western learning spreading eastward in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Combining with the conjectures put forward by previous scholars on the possible places of the Emperor Yongzheng Enjoying the Happiness of a Family Union in Twelve Lunar Months, with reference to the relevant historical materials, the interior space of the painting was analyzed by restoring the imaginary map and drawing the graph to complete the restoration design of space of the scroll painting. It is hoped that this study can enrich the research on the royal garden in the early Qing Dynasty.

CHINESE LADY'S DAILY WEAR IN LATE QING DYNASTY AND EARLY REPUBLIC PERIOD

The goal of this research is to describe and analyze women’s wear in the late Qing Dynasty andearly Republic Period(late 19th c.—early 20th c.),with an emphasis on the daily informal orsemi-formal wear,though some formal or ceremonial costumes such as wedding dress will also beincluded.This study will use Chinese costumes and textiles from many museums to fill in theblanks left by previous research and to give a more detailed and accurate description.It will alsouse historical documents to find the original names of these items and to illustrate a general conceptof their usage on different occasions.The different categories of women’s wear will be described in the following order:①robes orcoats;②jackets;③waistcoats or vests;④skirts;⑤pants and leggings;⑥shoes and socks;⑦headdresses;and⑧others.Of every category,the textiles,decoration,cut,form,style,colourand motif will be discussed.The way in which these items were combined will also be discussed.The comparison between women’s wear and men’s wear,women’s and children’s informal andformal dress will be given.Here are some tentative conclusions.First,the Manchu and Han style coexisted and mixedwith each other and were worn by both Manchu and Han women.Second,the basic silhouettesand cuts were relatively stable and conventional,while the decorations and details(openings,fasten-ings,pleats,vents,collars and hemlines)were different.The former represented accepted socialstandards while the latter could be a matter of personal taste.Third,women’s wear in that periodwere highly stylized,miscellaneous,elaborate,detailed,multicolored and multi-thematic.

Decorative Arts of the Qing-Style Pedestal of Outdoor Furnishings

The pedestal of outdoor furnishings is a facility of courtyard outdoor furnishings. It is an important part of ceremonial furnishings in official buildings. The Qing-style pedestal of outdoor furnishings has unique shapes and ornamentations as well as rich artistic connotation. In addition to having significant artistic value and historical value, it also embodies the user’s aesthetic taste.

Study on the Factors of Kunming Temple Garden in the Period of Ming and Qing Dynasties

Being based on preliminary study of Kunming famous temples during the Ming and Qing dynasties,field investigation was carried out about the framework of landscape,layout of waters,characteristic of structure and plant furnishing in Tanhua temple,Black Dragon Pool,Masijid of Shuncheng,Haiyuan temple and Golden Shrine which are famous temple garden in Kunming. A simple interpretation was drawn of artistic characteristics on temple garden in Kunming during the Ming and Qing dynasties via analytical investigation on many factors which influenced the development of garden of Dynasties of Ming and Qing. Then we have reviewed the elemental traits of temple garden built at that time,put forward some constructive suggestions on how to protect and develop those temple garden now still exist in Kunming.