In this work, a thermodynamic model is developed for prediction of structure H hydrate formation. The model combines the Peng-Robinson equation of state for the vapor, liquid and aqueous phases with the extended Ng-Ro...In this work, a thermodynamic model is developed for prediction of structure H hydrate formation. The model combines the Peng-Robinson equation of state for the vapor, liquid and aqueous phases with the extended Ng-Robinson hydrate model for gas hydrate formation of all three structures. The parameters of 14 structure- H hydrate formers are determined based on the experimental data of structure-H hydrates in the literature. The expression of fugacity of water in the empty hydrate phase is correlated for calculating structure-H hydrate formation conditions in the absence of free water. The model is tested by predicting hydrate formation conditions of a number of structure-H hydrate forming systems which are in good agreement with the experimental data. The proposed model is also applied to the prediction of hydrate formation conditions for various reservoir fluids such as natural gas and gas condensate.展开更多
目的研究活动期肺结核和常见肺部鉴别诊断疾病肺炎及原发性肺癌患者的外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)经结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激后干扰素-γ诱导的单核因子(Monokine induced by interferon gamma,MIG)和干扰素-γ(IFN-1)的表达...目的研究活动期肺结核和常见肺部鉴别诊断疾病肺炎及原发性肺癌患者的外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)经结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激后干扰素-γ诱导的单核因子(Monokine induced by interferon gamma,MIG)和干扰素-γ(IFN-1)的表达特点及诊断意义。方法90例初治活动期肺结核患者,31例细菌性肺炎和原发性支气管肺癌患者,分离外周血PBMCs,用结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激,采用Flowcytomix流式技术检测细胞培养液上清上中MIG和IFN-γ的表达。用接受者工作特征曲线(ROCcurve)评价结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原反应性MIG和IFN-γ的诊断价值。结果PBMCs经结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激后,培养液上清中MIG水平显著升高,初治活动期肺结核患者与其他肺病对照组差异有统计学意义(3023.0pg/mlvs112.5pg/ml,P〈0.0001),与IFN-γ的表达水平呈正相关(r=0.7168,P〈0.0001),单独应用MIG诊断肺结核的敏感性为94.4%,单独应用IFN-γ诊断肺结核的特异性为96.8%,二者并联应用诊断肺结核的敏感性为97.8%,特异性为87.1%。结论结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激外周血单个核细胞产生的MIG和IFN-γ能够良好的鉴别初治活动期肺结核及常见的细菌性肺炎和原发性支气管肺癌,可能成为新的诊断指标。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20490207, No. 20176028, No. 90210020) and Huo Ying-dong Education Foundation (No. 81064)
文摘In this work, a thermodynamic model is developed for prediction of structure H hydrate formation. The model combines the Peng-Robinson equation of state for the vapor, liquid and aqueous phases with the extended Ng-Robinson hydrate model for gas hydrate formation of all three structures. The parameters of 14 structure- H hydrate formers are determined based on the experimental data of structure-H hydrates in the literature. The expression of fugacity of water in the empty hydrate phase is correlated for calculating structure-H hydrate formation conditions in the absence of free water. The model is tested by predicting hydrate formation conditions of a number of structure-H hydrate forming systems which are in good agreement with the experimental data. The proposed model is also applied to the prediction of hydrate formation conditions for various reservoir fluids such as natural gas and gas condensate.
文摘目的研究活动期肺结核和常见肺部鉴别诊断疾病肺炎及原发性肺癌患者的外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)经结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激后干扰素-γ诱导的单核因子(Monokine induced by interferon gamma,MIG)和干扰素-γ(IFN-1)的表达特点及诊断意义。方法90例初治活动期肺结核患者,31例细菌性肺炎和原发性支气管肺癌患者,分离外周血PBMCs,用结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激,采用Flowcytomix流式技术检测细胞培养液上清上中MIG和IFN-γ的表达。用接受者工作特征曲线(ROCcurve)评价结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原反应性MIG和IFN-γ的诊断价值。结果PBMCs经结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激后,培养液上清中MIG水平显著升高,初治活动期肺结核患者与其他肺病对照组差异有统计学意义(3023.0pg/mlvs112.5pg/ml,P〈0.0001),与IFN-γ的表达水平呈正相关(r=0.7168,P〈0.0001),单独应用MIG诊断肺结核的敏感性为94.4%,单独应用IFN-γ诊断肺结核的特异性为96.8%,二者并联应用诊断肺结核的敏感性为97.8%,特异性为87.1%。结论结核分枝杆菌特异性抗原肽刺激外周血单个核细胞产生的MIG和IFN-γ能够良好的鉴别初治活动期肺结核及常见的细菌性肺炎和原发性支气管肺癌,可能成为新的诊断指标。