Interface crack problems for mode Ⅱ of double dissimilar orthotropic composite materials

The fracture problems near the similar orthotropic composite materials are interface crack tip for mode Ⅱ of double disstudied. The mechanical models of interface crack for mode Ⅱ are given. By translating the governing equations into the generalized hi-harmonic equations, the stress functions containing two stress singularity exponents are derived with the help of a complex function method. Based on the boundary conditions, a system of non-homogeneous linear equations is found. Two real stress singularity exponents are determined be solving this system under appropriate conditions about bimaterial engineering parameters. According to the uniqueness theorem of limit, both the formulae of stress intensity factors and theoretical solutions of stress field near the interface crack tip are derived. When the two orthotropic materials are the same, the stress singularity exponents, stress intensity factors and stresses for mode II crack of the orthotropic single material are obtained.

Interface effect on superlattice quality and optical properties of InAs/GaSb type-Ⅱ superlattices grown by molecular beam epitaxy

We systematically investigate the influence of InSb interface(IF)engineering on the crystal quality and optical properties of strain-balanced InAs/GaSb type-Ⅱsuperlattices(T2SLs).The type-Ⅱsuperlattice structure is 120 periods InAs(8 ML)/GaSb(6 ML)with different thicknesses of InSb interface grown by molecular beam epitaxy(MBE).The highresolution x-ray diffraction(XRD)curves display sharp satellite peaks,and the narrow full width at half maximum(FWHM)of the 0th is only 30-39 arcsec.From high-resolution cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM)characterization,the InSb heterointerfaces and the clear spatial separation between the InAs and GaSb layers can be more intuitively distinguished.As the InSb interface thickness increases,the compressive strain increases,and the surface“bright spots”appear to be more apparent from the atomic force microscopy(AFM)results.Also,photoluminescence(PL)measurements verify that,with the increase in the strain,the bandgap of the superlattice narrows.By optimizing the InSb interface,a high-quality crystal with a well-defined surface and interface is obtained with a PL wavelength of 4.78μm,which can be used for mid-wave infrared(MWIR)detection.

Crack-tip field on mode Ⅱ interface crack of double dissimilar orthotropic composite materials

Two systems of non-homogeneous linear equations with 8 unknowns are obtained.This is done by introducing two stress functions containing 16 undetermined coefficients and two real stress singularity exponents with the help of boundary conditions.By solving the above systems of non-homogeneous linear equations,the two real stress singularity exponents can be determined when the double material parameters meet certain conditions.The expression of the stress function and all coefficients are obtained based on the uniqueness theorem of limit.By substituting these parameters into the corresponding mechanics equations,theoretical solutions to the stress intensity factor,the stress field and the displacement field near the crack tip of each material can be obtained when both discriminants of the characteristic equations are less than zero.Stress and displacement near the crack tip show mixed crack characteristics without stress oscillation and crack surface overlapping.As an example,when the two orthotropic materials are the same,the stress singularity exponent,the stress intensity factor,and expressions for the stress and the displacement fields of the orthotropic single materials can be derived.

Interface Formation of Several Heterojunctions Concerning Ⅳ and Ⅱ-Ⅵ Semiconductors

The interface formations of the heterojunctions concerning Ⅳ and Ⅱ Ⅵ semiconductors were studied via synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy. Experimental results show that the overlayer growths of Si or Ge on Ge, ZnSe and ZnS substrates are in compliance with an ideal two dimensional (2D) growth mode. However, deviations from 2D mode were also observed during the interfaces formation of Ge/CdTe and Si/CdTe, and are ascribed to large lattice mismatching and interfacial reaction.

参松养心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦治疗阵发性心房颤动合并慢性心力衰竭对hs-CRP、BNP、AngⅡ及心功能的影响

目的 探讨参松养心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦治疗阵发性心房颤动合并慢性心力衰竭对高敏C反应蛋白(High sensitivity C-reactive protein, hs-CRP)、脑钠肽(Brain natriuretic peptide, BNP)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngiotensinⅡ,AngⅡ)及心功能的影响。方法 选取100例阵发性心房颤动合并慢性心力衰竭患者,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组50例,对照组在常规治疗基础上给予沙库巴曲缬沙坦口服,观察组在常规治疗基础上给予参松养心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦口服治疗,疗程6个月。观察血清hs-CRP、BNP、AngⅡ、左心室射血分数(Left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF)、左室收缩末期内径(Left ventricular end systolic diameter, LVESD)、左室舒张末期内径(Left ventricular end diastolic diameter, LVEDD)变化。结果 两组治疗前血清hs-CRP、BNP、AngⅡ比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后下降(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗前LVEF、LVESD、LVEDD比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后LVEF升高(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05),治疗后LVESD、LVEDD下降(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗前阵发性心房颤动发作次数、阵发性心房颤动持续时间、心室率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后下降(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);对照组转为持续性心房颤动、心力衰竭恶化、缺血心源性死亡率分别为20.00%、22.00%、4.00%,观察组分别为4.00%、6.00%、0.00%,转为持续性心房颤动、心力衰竭恶化发生率对照组高于观察组(P<0.05);观察组治疗疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 参松养心胶囊联合沙库巴曲缬沙坦治疗阵发性心房颤动合并慢性心力衰竭有助于促进hs-CRP、BNP、AngⅡ下降,改善患者心功能,改善预后。

血清降钙素原、C反应蛋白水平联合APACHEⅡ评分对热射病患者预后的预测价值

目的探讨血清降钙素原、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平联合急性生理学与慢性健康状况评价Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分对热射病患者预后的预测价值。方法选取80例热射病患者作为研究对象。根据终点事件(出院或死亡)发生时患者的预后将其分为死亡组34例、存活组46例。比较两组患者血清降钙素原、CRP水平,以及APACHEⅡ评分。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析热射病患者预后的影响因素,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清降钙素原、CRP水平与APACHEⅡ评分预测热射病患者预后的价值。结果多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,血清降钙素原、CRP水平,APACHEⅡ评分是热射病患者预后的影响因素(P<0.05)。血清降钙素原水平、血清CRP水平、APACHEⅡ评分单独及三者联合预测热射病患者预后的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.789、0.719、0.826、0.877,灵敏度分别为76.47%、70.59%、82.35%、91.18%,特异度分别为61.76%、53.51%、91.18%、96.70%,三者联合预测的ROC曲线下面积更大(P<0.05)。结论血清降钙素原、CRP水平与APACHEⅡ评分是热射病患者预后的影响因素,三者联合预测患者预后的效能较高。

Is autoimmune hepatitis a frequent finding among HCV patients with intense interface hepatitis?

AIM:To evaluate the overlap of autoimmune hepatitis in hepatitis C virus(HCV)-infected patients with intense interface hepatitis.METHODS:Among 1759 patients with hepatitis C submitted to liver biopsy,92(5.2%) presented intense interface hepatitis.These patients were evaluated regarding the presence of antinuclear antibody(ANA),anti-smooth muscle antibody(SMA) and anti-liver/kidney microsomal antibody(LKM-1),levels of γ-globulin and histological findings related to autoimmune hepatitis(plasma cell infiltrate and presence of rosettes).RESULTS:Among patients with hepatitis C and intense interface hepatitis there was a low prevalence of autoantibodies(ANA=12%,SMA=5%,LKM-1=0%) and the median γ-globulin level was within the normal range.Typical histological findings of autoimmune disease were observed in only two cases(2%).After applying the score for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis,only one patient was classified with a definitive diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis.Since overlap with autoimmune hepatitis was not the explanation for the intense necroinflammatory activity in patients with chronic hepatitis C we sought to identify the variables associated with this finding.The presence of intense interface hepatitis was associated with more advanced age,both at the time of infection and at the time of the biopsy,and higher prevalence of blood transfusion and alcohol abuse.CONCLUSION:Although possible,overlap with autoimmune hepatitis is a very rare association in HCV-infected patients with intense interface hepatitis,an unusual presentation which seems to be related to other host variables.

脑钠肽、血管紧张素Ⅱ、血浆蛋白C在老年冠心病中的表达及临床检测价值探究

目的探究脑钠肽(BNP)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)、血浆蛋白C(PC)在老年冠心病中的表达及临床检测价值。方法选取2021年1月至2023年1月河北省沧州市人民医院收治的78例经冠脉造影检查确诊的老年冠心病患者,作为研究组。其中稳定型心绞痛27例,不稳定型心绞痛31例,心肌梗死20例。稳定型心绞痛表现发作时心电图ST段有压低。不稳定型心绞痛表现发作时心电图暂时性ST段压低>1 mm,发作缓解后恢复或接近正常,心肌损伤标志物无明显升高。心肌梗死表现为持续性胸痛>30 min,有典型心肌损伤坏死的动态心电图变化。再选取同期体检健康人群60名为对照组。比较两组临床资料、BNP、AngⅡ、PC水平及临床检测价值。结果研究组BNP、AngⅡ水平高于对照组,PC水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。心肌梗死组BNP、AngⅡ水平高于稳定型心绞痛组和不稳定型心绞痛组,PC水平明显低于稳定型心绞痛组和不稳定型心绞痛组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。BNP、AngⅡ在老年冠心病中呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05),BNP、PC在老年冠心病中呈负相关(r<0,P<0.05),AngⅡ、PC在老年冠心病呈负相关(r<0,P<0.05)。三者联合检测的灵敏度、特异度和准确度均较高于BNP、AngⅡ、PC单项检测,对老年冠心病患者检出率较高。结论BNP、AngⅡ、PC在老年冠心病中的表达明显,BNP、AngⅡ、PC作为老年冠心病临床诊断的检测指标有一定效果,值得临床推广应用。

TEXTURES, INTERFACE AND FRACTURE OF A 1D-C/C PREPARED BY CVD

A unidirectional carbon/carbon composite (1D-C/C) of low bulk density with textures of poruns granular and isotropic carbons sharply manifests brittle fracture and does not display high pseudoplasticity as expected. The results of transmisson electron microscopy (TEM) studies show that the strong interface of fiber-matrix should determine its fracture mode.

Experimental investigation of high temperature thermal contact resistance with interface material

Thermal contact resistance plays a very important role in heat transfer efficiency and thermomechanical coupling response between two materials,and a common method to reduce the thermal contact resistance is to fill a soft interface material between these two materials.A testing system of high temperature thermal contact resistance based on INSTRON 8874 is established in the present paper,which can achieve 600 C at the interface.Based on this system,the thermal contact resistance between superalloy GH600 material and three-dimensional braid C/C composite material is experimentally investigated,under different interface pressures,interface roughnesses and temperatures,respectively.At the same time,the mechanism of reducing the thermal contact resistance with carbon fiber sheet as interface material is experimentally investigated.Results show that the present testing system is feasible in the experimental research of high temperature thermal contact resistance.

美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3调控p16^(INK4a)诱导SKOV3细胞衰老

目的探讨美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3调控p16^(INK4a)蛋白诱导卵巢癌细胞SKOV3衰老的作用。方法通过CCK-8法测定不同浓度和时间美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3对SKOV3细胞增殖的作用;运用细胞集落形成实验测定美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3对SKOV3细胞增殖能力的影响;流式细胞术检测CⅡ-3作用后SKOV3细胞周期的变化;衰老相关-β-半乳糖苷酶(SA-β-Gal)染色检测CⅡ-3作用后SKOV3细胞衰老变化;Western Blotting检测CⅡ-3作用后SKOV3细胞衰老调控分子p16^(INK4a)蛋白表达的变化。结果美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3可有效抑制SKOV3细胞增殖,最佳作用浓度为80μg/mL,作用时间为48 h;CⅡ-3作用后,SKOV3细胞集落形成能力下降;阻滞于G_(0)/G_(1)期细胞比例增高,S期细胞比例减少;SA-β-Gal阳性细胞百分比增加;衰老调控分子p16^(INK4a)蛋白表达上调。结论美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3通过调控衰老调控分子p16^(INK4a)蛋白表达诱导SKOV3细胞衰老。

血清CX3C基序趋化因子配体1及Ⅰ型纤溶酶原激活抑制物水平与慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者病情严重程度及预后的关系研究

目的 研究慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者血清CX3C基序趋化因子配体1(CX3CL1)、Ⅰ型纤溶酶原激活抑制物(PAI-1)水平与病情严重程度及预后的关系。方法 选取2019年1月至2021年1月重庆医科大学附属永川医院收治的COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者96例为研究对象(呼吸衰竭组)、同期诊治的单纯COPD患者60例为单纯COPD组、同期健康体检的健康人群60例为健康对照组。检测受试者血清CX3CL1、PAI-1水平。比较不同健康状况受试者、不同病情严重程度呼吸衰竭组患者血清CX3CL1、PAI-1水平差异。分析影响COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者不良预后的因素以及血清CX3CL1、PAI-1对不良预后的预测价值。结果 呼吸衰竭组、单纯COPD组CX3CL1、PAI-1水平均高于健康对照组[(266±29)、(219±35)ng/L比(156±23)ng/L,(15.2±2.3)、(12.3±2.2)μg/L比(8.2±1.8)μg/L],且呼吸衰竭组高于单纯COPD组(均P<0.05)。呼吸衰竭组中轻度组、中度组、重度组血清CX3CL1、PAI-1水平随疾病严重程度加重呈上升趋势(均P<0.05)。COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者血清CX3CL1、PAI-1水平与第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(FEV1%)、第1秒用力呼气容积与用力肺活量比值(FEV1/FVC比值)呈负相关(均P<0.001)。呼吸衰竭组中预后不良组血清CX3CL1、PAI-1水平均高于预后良好组(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,血清CX3CL1、PAI-1升高是COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者不良预后的独立危险因素(均P<0.001)。血清CX3CL1、PAI-1联合检测对COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者不良预后预测的曲线下面积大于CX3CL1、PAI-1单独诊断(均P<0.001)。结论 COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者血清CX3CL1、PAI-1水平升高,二者与病情严重程度有关,联合检测有助于评估COPD合并Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭患者的临床预后。

Tuned selectivity and enhanced activity of CO_(2) methanation over Ru catalysts by modified metal-carbonate interfaces

Carbonate-modified metal-support interfaces allow Ru/MnCO_(3) catalyst to exhibit over 99% selectivity,great specific activity and long-term anti-CO poisoning stability in atmospheric CO_(2) methanation.As a contrast,Ru/MnO catalyst with metal-oxide interfaces prefers reverse water-gas shift rather than methanation route,along with a remarkably lower activity and a less than 15% CH_(4) selectivity.The carbonatemodified interfaces are found to stabilize the Ru species and activate CO_(2) and H_(2) molecules.Ru-CO^(4) species are identified as the reaction intermediates steadily formed from CO_(2) dissociation,which show moderate adsorption strength and high reactivity in further hydrogenation to CH_(4),Furthermore,carbonates of Ru/MnCO_(3) are found to be consumed by hydrogenation to form CH_(4) and replenished by exchange with CO_(2),which are in a dynamic equilibrium during the reaction.Modification with surface carbonates is proved as an efficient strategy to endow metal-support interfaces of Ru-based catalysts with unique catalytic functions for selective CO_(2) hydrogenation.

美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3对肝癌TAE术后细胞黏附分子水平的影响及其对肝脏的保护作用

目的 探讨美洲大蠊提取物CⅡ-3对肝癌经导管动脉栓塞(transcatheter arterial embolization, TAE)术后癌旁肝组织细胞黏附分子水平的影响及其对肝脏的保护作用。方法 东南大学荷瘤兔2只,新西兰大白兔50只。开腹瘤粒注射法建立兔VX2肝癌模型,影像学确认是否造模成功并评估肿瘤种植情况。将成功建模的45只实验兔随机分为3组,每组15只。对照组不做处理,TAE组用碘化油栓塞肿瘤供血动脉,CⅡ-3组于TAE术前连续3 d耳缘静脉注射CⅡ-3(16 mg/kg)。化学比色法检测各组实验兔术前及术后血清ALT及AST。免疫组化法检测各组癌旁肝组织PPAR-α、NF-κB表达水平。ELISA法检测各组癌旁肝组织细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)及血管细胞黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)水平。RTPCR检测各组癌旁肝组织PPAR-α、NF-κB、ICAM-1、VCAM-1 mRNA表达水平。结果术前对照组、TAE组、CⅡ-3组ALT水平分别为(34.49±1.33)、(34.01±1.21)、(34.06±1.23) U/L,AST水平分别为(38.44±1.41)、(38.45±1.47)、(38.42±1.38) U/L,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后对照组、TAE组、CⅡ-3组ALT水平分别为(35.61±1.56)、(118.67±3.39)、(87.24±3.67) U/L,AST水平分别为(41.03±1.83)、(220.60±3.00)、(104.46±2.66) U/L;与对照组比较,TAE组、CⅡ-3组ALT及AST水平明显上升,但CⅡ-3组ALT及AST水平低于TAE组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。对照组、TAE组、CⅡ-3组ICAM-1水平分别为(1.74±0.13)、(3.43±0.19)、(1.81±0.13) ng/L;VCAM-1水平分别为(1.66±0.05)、(2.18±0.06)、(1.67±0.06) ng/L。对照组、TAE组、CⅡ-3组PPAR-α阳性分别为4、3、10只,NF-κB阳性分别为2、11、3只,与对照组、CⅡ-3组比较,TAE组NF-κB阳性率、NF-κB mRNA水平和ICAM-1、VCAM-1蛋白及mRNA水平明显升高;与对照组、TAE组比较,CⅡ-3组PPAR-α蛋白及mRNA水平明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 CⅡ-3可通过拮抗NF-kB的表达,降低ICAM-1、VCAM-1水平,达到减轻炎症反应,降低TAE术后肝损伤的作用。

The Creative Design Research of Product Appearance Based on Human-machine Interaction and Interface

Today’s product creative design has rendered many fe atures and has brought a great change in our everyday life, there are many new c hallenges in its traditional theory and principle. According to the traditional design theory, the FBS design model pays more attention to the function and stru cture of the product. But this model still couldn’t strengthen the relation bet ween product appearance design and human-machine design effectively. This paper adopt converse design thinking and presents an improved design thinking methodo logy based on C: FBS for product appearance design and give a general summarizat ion for the features, methods and technology based on human-machine interaction and interface. Meanwhile it also combines with the behavior design of product r elated IT fields and constructs a new outline to improve the design of product a ppearance supported by the technology of computer aided design. So the new metho d about design thinking for computer aided design, the new abstract product design model and the key problem of design thinking based on human-machine inte raction and interface are addressed in this paper. This kind of creative design theory that is driven by human-machine interaction and interface will help the development of CAD software system and the research of product design and manufa cture. Additionally, this paper gives some beneficial characters to address the theory based on human-machine interaction and interface. Meanwhile, combining with the developing of computer technology, the trends of design thinking based on t he technology of human-machine interaction and interface are also analyzed and discussed at the end of this paper.

基于红外光谱结合化学计量学的美洲大蠊精制物CⅡ-3无损质量评价方法

目的:以美洲大蠊精制物CⅡ-3为研究对象,基于红外光谱结合化学计量学建立其品质无损的简易评价方法。方法:采用红外光谱法建立10批CⅡ-3样品的红外光谱,并进行基线矫正、纵坐标归一化和15点平滑等预处理方法优化光谱图;运用Origin 9.1软件对光谱数据进行表征和解析,建立10批CⅡ-3样品的指纹图谱,并进行相似度分析和主成分分析。结果:10批CⅡ-3样品红外光谱的官能团区主要特征峰为3300、2960、2930、1660、1630、1550、1450、1390 cm-1,指纹区主要特征峰为1240、1080、621、546 cm-1。不同批次CⅡ-3样品红外光谱的峰形、峰位和峰强相似,相关系数均在0.960以上。主成分分析结果显示10批CⅡ-3样品聚为一类。结论:该方法操作简单、专属性强、不破坏样品,可实现CⅡ-3样品的无损质量评价。

血清补体成分7和载脂蛋白C-Ⅱ在局部进展期宫颈鳞状细胞癌放疗患者随访中的临床价值

目的探讨血清补体成分7(C7)和载脂蛋白C-Ⅱ(ApoC-Ⅱ)在局部进展期宫颈鳞状细胞癌(CSCC)放疗患者随访中的临床价值。方法选取2018年5月至2020年1月沧州市人民医院收治的104例接受放疗或同步放化疗的局部进展期CSCC患者作为研究对象。采用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测血清C7和ApoC-Ⅱ水平,放疗完成1个月后进行随访,记录无病生存期(DFS)。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线的曲线下面积(AUC)分析血清C7和APOC-Ⅱ水平对预后的预测价值;采用单因素和多因素Cox风险比例回归模型分析预后因素;采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线并进行Log-Rank检验。结果血清C7和ApoC-Ⅱ联合检测的预测价值更高,AUC为0.938(95%CI:0.888~0.987)。血清C7与各临床病理特征均无显著相关性(P>0.05);高水平血清ApoC-Ⅱ与较大的肿瘤直径有关(P<0.05)。肿瘤直径、血清C7、ApoC-Ⅱ是影响局部进展期CSCC患者DFS预后的独立因素(P<0.05)。基于C7和ApoC-Ⅱ构建分子风险模型,该联合模型风险评分是CSCC患者DFS的独立预后因素(P<0.001)。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线显示,高风险和低/中风险患者DFS率分别为13.3%、89.2%,中位DFS时间分别为287、858 d(P<0.001)。结论血清C7和ApoC-Ⅱ水平降低与局部进展期CSCC患者预后较差显著相关,表明其是预测局部进展期CSCC患者放疗预后的潜在生物标志物。

Method of evaluating interface traps in Al2O3/AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors

In this paper, the interface states of the AlGaN/GaN metal–insulator–semiconductor(MIS) high electron mobility transistors(HEMTs) with an Al2 O3 gate dielectric are systematically evaluated. By frequency-dependent capacitance and conductance measurements, trap density and time constant at Al2 O3/AlGaN and AlGaN/GaN interface are determined.The experimental results reveal that the density of trap states and the activation energy at the Al2 O3/AlGaN interface are much higher than at the AlGaN/GaN interface. The photo-assisted capacitance-voltage measurements are performed to characterize the deep-level traps located near mid-gap at the Al2 O3/AlGaN interface, which indicates that a density of deep-level traps is lower than the density of the shallow-level states.

血清PCT、CTX-Ⅱ、OPG在绝经后骨质疏松诊断中的临床价值分析

目的:分析血清降钙素原(PCT)、Ⅱ型胶原C端肽(CTX-Ⅱ)、骨保护素(OPG)在绝经后骨质疏松中的诊断价值。方法:选取2021年3月—2023年4月河南省西平县中医院收治的96例绝经后骨质疏松患者纳入观察组,另将同期医院收治的90例绝经后骨量减少者纳入对照组,并将同期体检且骨量正常的89例绝经后妇女纳入健康组,采集三组受试者静脉血,检测对比其血清PCT、CTX-Ⅱ、OPG差异;另绘制受试者工作曲线(ROC),分析三者检测诊断对绝经后骨质疏松的价值。结果:观察组患者PCT、CTX-Ⅱ高于对照组与健康组;OPG低于对照组与健康组,且对照组PCT、CTX-Ⅱ高于健康组,OPG低于健康组,差异有统计学意义(F=2 682.643、433.038、420.719,P<0.05);ROC结果显示,PCT、CTX-Ⅱ、OPG三者联合诊断绝经后骨质疏松的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.898,高于三者单独诊断的0.829、0.828、0.832。结论:PCT、CTX-Ⅱ、OPG在绝经后骨质疏松患者血清内呈异常表达状态,三者联合可有效诊断出疾病,为临床治疗提供可靠参考依据。

Crystallization Modulation and Holistic Passivation Enables Efficient Two‑Terminal Perovskite/CuIn(Ga)Se_(2)Tandem Solar Cells

Two-terminal(2-T)perovskite(PVK)/CuIn(Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS)tandem solar cells(TSCs)have been considered as an ideal tandem cell because of their best bandgap matching regarding to Shockley–Queisser(S–Q)limits.However,the nature of the irregular rough morphology of commercial CIGS prevents people from improving tandem device performances.In this paper,D-homoserine lactone hydrochloride is proven to improve coverage of PVK materials on irregular rough CIGS surfaces and also passivate bulk defects by modulating the growth of PVK crystals.In addition,the minority carriers near the PVK/C60 interface and the incompletely passivated trap states caused interface recombination.A surface reconstruction with 2-thiopheneethylammonium iodide and N,N-dimethylformamide assisted passivates the defect sites located at the surface and grain boundaries.Meanwhile,LiF is used to create this field effect,repelling hole carriers away from the PVK and C60 interface and thus reducing recombination.As a result,a 2-T PVK/CIGS tandem yielded a power conversion efficiency of 24.6%(0.16 cm^(2)),one of the highest results for 2-T PVK/CIGS TSCs to our knowledge.This validation underscores the potential of our methodology in achieving superior performance in PVK/CIGS tandem solar cells.