Misinterpretation of sleep-induced second-degree atrioventricular block

A number of publications have claimed that Mobitz type Ⅱ atrioventricular block(AVB)may occur during sleep.None of the reports defined type Ⅱ AVB and representative electrocardiograms were either misinterpreted or missing.Relatively benign Wenckebach type Ⅰ AVB is often misdiagnosed as Mobitz type Ⅱ which is an indication for a pacemaker.Review of the published reports indicates that Mobitz type II AVB does not occur during sleep when it is absent in the awake state.Conclusion:There is no proof that sleep is associated with Mobitz type Ⅱ AVB.

Reversal of complete atrioventricular block in dialysis patients following parathyroidectomy:A case report

BACKGROUND Refractory secondary hyperparathyroidism(SHPT)is a common complication observed in patients with end-stage renal disease and can result in ectopic calcification.Metastatic calcification involving the heart valves and the conduction system can easily lead to arrhythmias,including atrioventricular block.This case report describes a maintenance hemodialysis patient with refractory SHPT resulting in a complete atrioventricular block(CAVB),which was eventually reversed to a first-degree atrioventricular block.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 31-year-old Asian female who was receiving maintenance hemodialysis because of lupus nephropathy.She developed SHPT,and an electrocardiogram revealed a first-degree atrioventricular block.Then,she underwent parathyroidectomy(PTX)with autotransplantation.Unfortunately,a few years later,she developed SHPT again,and an electrocardiogram revealed a CAVB.A few years after the second PTX surgery,the calcification of the left atrium and left ventricle improved,and her CAVB was reversed.CONCLUSION This case revealed that metastatic cardiac calcification can result in complete atrioventricular blockage.Following parathyroid surgery,calcification of the cardiac conduction system improved,leading to reversal of the atrioventricular block.It is important for dialysis patients to optimize intact parathyroid hormone therapy and pay attention to calcification metastasis.

知信行健康管理干预在Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞行永久性起搏器术后患者中的应用

目的:探讨知信行健康管理干预在Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞行永久性起搏器术后患者中的应用。方法:选取2020年6月—2022年10月南华大学附属第二医院收治的92例Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞患者作为研究对象,根据随机数表法将患者分为研究组和参照组,各46例。参照组采用术后常规护理措施,研究组在参照组基础上给予知信行健康管理干预,比较两组干预前后左室射血分数(LVEF)、6分钟步行距离(6MWD)和自我护理水平,评价两组护理依从性,并对两组并发症发生情况进行比较。结果:干预后,两组LVEF和6MWD较干预前改善,且研究组LVEF和6MWD均优于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组自护能力较干预前改善,且研究组自我概念、健康知识程度、自护技能和自护责任感评分高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组护理总依从率为95.65%,高于参照组的76.09%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.265,P=0.016)。研究组并发症发生率为6.52%,低于参照组的23.91%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.333,P=0.021)。结论:知信行健康管理干预可提高Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞行永久性起搏器术后患者护理依从性和自护能力水平,改善心功能,减少并发症。

改良固定反式Twin-block矫治器治疗早期AngleⅢ错

目的 :将改良固定反式Twin -block矫治器用于矫治早期AngleⅢ错牙合 ,并评价其临床应用效果。方法 :应用反式Twin -block矫治器治疗 1 2例处于生长发育期AngleⅢ错牙合 ,比较矫治前后的临床表现及X线投影测量结果。结果 :经 4～ 6个月的治疗 ,患者正、侧面轮廓明显改善 ,前牙反覆盖反覆牙合得以矫治 ,磨牙关系为AngleⅠ类。结论 :反式Twin -block矫治器能迅速有效矫治早期AngleⅢ错牙合 ,且制作更为简单 ,结构小巧 。

反式Twin-block治疗替牙期安氏Ⅲ类错牙合疗效研究

目的评价应用反式Twin-block治疗替牙期安氏Ⅲ类错牙合的临床疗效。方法应用反式Twin-block矫治器治疗替牙期安氏Ⅲ类错牙合11例,并对治疗前后的头影测量结果进行分析。结果 11例替牙期安氏Ⅲ类错牙合患者侧貌改善,前牙覆牙合覆盖正常。结论反式Twin-block矫治器能有效治疗替牙期安氏Ⅲ类错牙合。

改良反式Twin-Block对安氏Ⅲ类骨性错牙合的矫治效果及稳定性研究

目的评价改良反式TwinBlock联合前牵矫治安氏Ⅲ类骨性错牙合的临床效果及稳定性。方法应用改良反式TwinBlock联合前牵矫治替牙期安氏Ⅲ类骨性错牙合15例,对矫治前后、矫治后一年患者头颅侧位片硬组织测量结果进行分析,评价矫治的效果和矫治结束后一年的稳定性。结果矫治刚结束覆盖平均增加5.41mm,SNA角平均增加2.23°,ANB角平均增加3.18°,SNB角平均减小2.28°,SL平均减小6.57mm,SE平均增加4.92mm。矫治结束后一年与矫治前比较覆盖平均增加4.21mm,SNA角平均增加3.24°,ANB角平均增加3.69°,SL平均减小3.87mm,OPSN角平均增加3.02°,GoGnSN平均增加2.47°。结论改良反式TwinBlock联合前牵对替牙期安氏Ⅲ类错牙合的矫治有明显的效果,可促进上颌骨发育,使下颌后退,反覆盖反覆牙合能在6～7个月内纠正。但矫治结束后不能完全控制下颌骨的遗传性过度生长,导致矫治后一年覆盖有少量减少,下颌骨颏前点仍向前下方向生长。从而提示安氏Ⅲ类错牙合的长期随访与控制是非常必要的。

反式Twin-Block与Frankel-Ⅲ治疗安氏Ⅲ类错作用机制的比较

目的:通过X线头影测量分析,比较反式Twin-Block和Frankel-Ⅲ功能矫治器治疗生长发育期安氏Ⅲ类错的作用机制。方法:选择替牙期、恒牙早期安氏Ⅲ类错患者20例(男9例,女11例),平均年龄11岁2个月,随机分为T、F2组,每组各10例患者,T组采用反式Twin-Block矫治器矫治,F组采用Frankel-Ⅲ矫治器矫治。全天戴用矫治器治疗4～11个月。分别对治疗前后头颅侧位定位片进行分析比较。结果:2组下颌骨位置均后移,稳定在治疗前的下颌后退位处(P>0.05);2组上颌骨长度及突度均增加,F组效果优于T组(P<0.05);F组有明显的牙齿代偿性移动(P<0.01);T组的平均疗程6.5个月,F组为9个月。结论:2种功能矫治器均能有效的使下颌后退矫治生长发育期安氏Ⅲ类错。Frankel-Ⅲ对上颌的作用大于反式Twin-Block,反式Twin-Block的治疗时间明显短于Frankel-Ⅲ。

Ticagrelor therapy and atrioventricular block:Do we need to worry?

Ticagrelor is a potent,direct P2Y12 antagonist with rapid onset of action and intense platelet inhibition,indicated in patients with acute coronary syndromes(ACS).This drug is usually well tolerated,but some patients experience serious adverse effects:Major bleeding;gastrointestinal disturbances;dyspnoea;ventricular pauses > 3 s.Given the unexpected high incidence of bradyarrhythmias,a PLATO substudy monitored this side effect,showing that ticagrelor was associated with an increase in the rate of sinus bradycardia and sinus arrest compared to clopidogrel.This side effect was usually transient,asymptomatic and not associated with higher incidence of severe atrioventricular(AV) block or pacemaker needs.A panel of experts from Food and Drug Administration did not consider bradyarrhythmias a serious problem in clinical practice and,accordingly,current labeling of the drug does not give any precaution or contraindication regarding this issue.However,recently some articles have described ACS patients with high-degree,life-threatening,AV block requiring drug discontinuation and,in some cases,pacemaker implantation.In this paper,we describe and discuss five published case reports of severe AV block following ticagrelor therapy and two other cases managed in our Hospital.The analysis of literature suggests that,although rarely,ticagrelor can be associated with lifethreatening AV block.Caution and careful monitoring are required especially in patients with already compromised conduction system and/or treated with AV blocking agents.Future studies,with long-term rhythm monitoring,would help to define the outcome of patients at higher risk of developing this complication.

A rare case of Staphylococcus lugdunensis septicemia associated with myocarditis and atrioventricular block

Myocarditis is a relatively rare,possibly life-threatening disease characterized by the inflammation of the myocardium.111 The disease pathogenesis is primarily initiated by acute injury and necrosis of cardiomyocytes,leading to an inflammatory response mediated by the immune system that can potentially cause further aggravation of myocardial damage and organ dysfunction.Prognosis in patients with myocarditis depends on the clinical presentation,which ranges from an asymptomatic disease course to the concomitant development of cardiac arrhythmias,heart failure,cardiogenic shock and even the occurrence of death in extreme cases[1].

Identification of a New Lamin A/C Mutation in a Chinese Family Affected with Atrioventricular Block as the Prominent Phenotype

Even though mutations in LMNA have been reported in patients with typical dilated cardio-myopathy(DCM)and atrioventricular block(AVB)previously,the purpose of this study was to disclose this novel genetic abnormality in one Chinese family with the atypical phenotype of progressive AVB followed by DCM with normal QRS interval.Genome-wide linkage analysis mapped the AVB gene in this family to a marker at chromosome 1q21.2,where the LMNA gene was located.Direct DNA sequence analysis revealed a heterozygous G t...

反式Twin-Block加前牵引治疗恒牙早期安氏Ⅲ类错的临床研究

目的:探讨反式Twin-Block加前方牵引矫治恒牙早期安氏Ⅲ类错畸形的疗效。方法:选择近两年来在我院口腔科就诊,以上颌发育不足为主的恒牙早期安氏Ⅲ类错病例11人,其中男6人,女5人,年龄11～13岁。比较矫治前后的临床表现及X线投影的变化。结果:11例患者经过4～6个月的联合治疗,患者反纠正,面部正侧面轮廓有明显改善。结论:反式Twin-Block加前方牵引可以有效地纠正恒牙早期安氏Ⅲ类错。

Tako-tsubo syndrome after administration of intravenous adrenaline during atrioventricular block

We describe the clinical case of a 70-year-old woman with complete atrioventricular block that after administration of intravenous adrenaline, developed electrocardiographic changes suggestive of acute coronary syndrome, together with apical dyskinesia of the left ventricle. After ruling out the existence of coronary lesions, and after total recovery of the echocardiographic alterations in segmental contractility, she was diagnosed as Tako-tsubo syndrome induced by administration of adrenaline. This is the first report of this syndrome in the scenario of atrioventricular block treated with adrenaline infusion.

Completed atrioventricular block induced by atrial septal defect occluder unfolding:A case report

BACKGROUND An atrial septal defect is a common condition and accounts for 25%of adult congenital heart diseases.Transcatheter occlusion is a widely used technique for the treatment of secondary aperture-type atrial septal defects(ASDs).CASE SUMMARY A 30-year-old female patient was diagnosed with ASD by transthoracic echocardiography(TTE)1 year ago.The electrocardiogram showed a heart rate of 88 beats per minute,normal sinus rhythm,and no change in the ST-T wave.After admission,TTE showed an atrial septal defect with a left-to-right shunt,aortic root short-axis section with an ASD diameter of 8 mm,a parasternal four-chamber section with an ASD diameter of 9 mm,and subxiphoid biatrial section with a diameter of 13 mm.Percutaneous occlusion was proposed.The intraoperative TTE scan showed that the atrial septal defect was oval in shape,was located near the root of the aorta,and had a maximum diameter of 13 mm.A 10-F sheath was placed in the right femoral vein,and a 0.035°hard guidewire was used to establish the transport track between the left pulmonary vein and the inferior vena cava.A shape-memory alloy atrial septal occluder with a waist diameter of 20 mm was placed successfully and located correctly.TTE showed that the double disk unfolded well and that the clamping of the atrial septum was smooth.Immediately after the disc was revealed,electrocardiograph monitoring showed that the ST interval of the inferior leads was prolonged,the P waves and QRS waves were separated,a junctional escape rhythm maintained the heart rate,and the blood pressure began to decrease.After removing the occluder,the elevation in the ST segment returned to normal immediately,and the sinus rhythm returned to average approximately 10 min later.After consulting the patient’s family,we finally decided to withdraw from the operation.CONCLUSION Compression of the small coronary artery,which provides an alternative blood supply to the atrioventricular nodule during the operation,leads to the emergence of a complete atrioventricular block.

A Case of Transient Advanced Atrioventricular Block after Aortic Valve Replacement, Report of a Case

Approximately 3%-11.8% of cases require permanent pacemaker implantation due to atrioventricular block (AVB) after aortic valve replacement (AVR), and determination of conduction disturbances such as left or right bundle branch block by preoperative electrocardiography is correlated with high risk postoperative permanent pacemaker implantation. Intraoperative risk factors include severe calcification of the aortic valve, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic clamp time. Recently, there have been reports of high rates of pacemaker implantation (14.2%) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. The time of permanent pacemaker implantation after AVB is often 4-10 days, and the European Society of Cardiology guidelines recommend a period of seven days of persistent atrioventricular block postsurgery prior to permanent pacemaker implantation. We report a 79-year-old woman in which the patient developed high-degree AVB after AVR was performed for severe aortic stenosis with complete right bundle branch block. However, her pulse returned to sinus rhythm 7 days postsurgery.

Outcomes in patients with COVID-19 and new onset heart blocks: Insight from the National Inpatient Sample database

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)has resulted in a worldwide health crisis since it first appeared.Numerous studies demonstrated the virus’s predilection to cardiomyocytes;however,the effects that COVID-19 has on the cardiac conduc-tion system still need to be fully understood.AIM To analyze the impact that COVID-19 has on the odds of major cardiovascular complications in patients with new onset heart blocks or bundle branch blocks(BBB).METHODS The 2020 National Inpatient Sample(NIS)database was used to identify patients admitted for COVID-19 pneumonia with and without high-degree atrioven-tricular blocks(HDAVB)and right or left BBB utilizing ICD-10 codes.The patients with pre-existing pacemakers,suggestive of a prior diagnosis of HDAVB or BBB,were excluded from the study.The primary outcome was inpatient mortality.Secondary outcomes included total hospital charges(THC),the length of hospital stay(LOS),and other major cardiac outcomes detailed in the Results section.Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to adjust for confounders with Stata version 17.RESULTS A total of 1058815 COVID-19 hospitalizations were identified within the 2020 NIS database,of which 3210(0.4%)and 17365(1.6%)patients were newly diagnosed with HDAVB and BBB,respectively.We observed a significantly higher odds of in-hospital mortality,cardiac arrest,cardiogenic shock,sepsis,arrythmias,and acute kidney injury in the COVID-19 and HDAVB group.There was no statistically significant difference in the odds of cerebral infarction or pulmonary embolism.Encounters with COVID-19 pneumonia and newly diagnosed BBB had a higher odds of arrythmias,acute kidney injury,sepsis,need for mechanical ventilation,and cardiogenic shock than those without BBB.However,unlike HDAVB,COVID-19 pneumonia and BBB had no significant impact on mortality compared to patients without BBB.CONCLUSION In conclusion,there is a significantly higher odds of inpatient mortality,cardiac arrest,cardiogenic shock,sepsis,acute kidney injury,supraventricular tachycardia,ventricular tachycardia,THC,and LOS in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and HDAVB as compared to patients without HDAVB.Likewise,patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in the BBB group similarly have a higher odds of supraventricular tachycardia,atrial fibrillation,atrial flutter,ventricular tachycardia,acute kidney injury,sepsis,need for mechanical ventilation,and cardiogenic shock as compared to those without BBB.Therefore,it is essential for healthcare providers to be aware of the possible worse predicted outcomes that patients with new-onset HDAVB or BBB may experience following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

先天性心脏病心内直视术后－过性Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞

目的：了解先天性心脏病（先心病）心内直视术后出现一过性Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞（ＡＶＢ）的转归及其处理，为该并发症的防治提供帮助。方法：对４２例先心病心内直视术后出现－过性Ⅲ度ＡＶＢ的患者进行分析，了解自主心律的转归情况和时间。结果：３６例先心病患者在术毕心脏复跳后即为Ⅲ度ＡＶＢ；６例在平均术后４．８天（０．５～１３．０天）出现Ⅲ度ＡＶＢ。４２例中１４例（３３．３％）在自主性窦性心律恢复当天即变为稳定的窦性心律；２８例（６６．７％）需要平均８．８天（１～８１天）的窦性心律与传导阻滞心律的交替过程。变为稳定的窦性心律时间为术后平均１１．７天（０．５～８１．０天）。３例术后死于与Ⅲ度ＡＶＢ无关的并发症。结论：心内直视术后－过性Ⅲ度ＡＶＢ的产生原因主要为术中损伤传导系统造成局部出血、水肿所致。出现Ⅲ度ＡＶＢ，应先安置临时起搏器，帮助自主心律的转复。

希氏束起搏与右心室心尖部起搏对房室传导阻滞患者心脏结构学参数与功能学参数影响的临床研究

目的:探究希氏束起搏(HBP)与右心室心尖部起搏(RVAP)对房室传导阻滞(AVB)患者心脏结构学参数与功能学参数的影响。方法:选取收治的104例AVB患者为研究对象,随机分为HBP组和RVAP组各52例,HBP组行HBP治疗,RVAP组行RVAP治疗,比较两组术前、术后心脏结构学参数、心脏起搏参数、心率和血流动力学参数[心率(HR)、每搏输出量(SV)、心脏指数(CI)和左室射血分数(LVEF)]及QRS时限变化情况。结果:两组手术前后心脏结构学参数左心室收缩末期内径(LVESD)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、室间隔厚度(IVS)、左室后壁厚度(LVPW)比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);术中、术后1个月、术后6个月心脏起搏阈值、R波幅度、电极阻抗比较无统计学差异(均P>0.05);术前、术后1个月,两组HR、SV、CI、LVEF、QRS时限比较无统计学差异(均P>0.05);术后6个月,HBP组HR、SV、CI、LVEF显著高于RVAP组(均P<0.05),RVAP组QRS波时限显著低于HBP组(P<0.05);结论:HBP对AVB患者的电-机械同步性优于RVAP,近期心脏血流动力学及心功能稳定性良好。

临时起搏在急性病毒性心肌炎合并Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞的应用分析

目的通过对15例合并Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞(ⅢoAVB)的急性病毒性心肌炎的临床特征辅助检查,临时起搏治疗和转归的分析,总结临时起搏的作用。方法分析15例合并Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞的急性病毒性心肌炎患者应用临时起搏后的治疗效果。结果15例患者接受临时起搏治疗后能恢复窦性心律,临时起搏留置时间2～13d。结论急性病毒性心肌炎合并Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞时应及时使用临时起搏并辅以其他治疗,可在较短时间内恢复窦性心律。

准噶尔盆地中Ⅲ区块原油地球化学特征与油源分析

通过对准噶尔盆地中Ⅲ区块的原油或油砂抽提物饱和烃与芳烃气相色谱-质谱分析,研究了原油及油砂抽提物中的正构烷烃、类异戊二烯烷烃、β-胡萝卜烷以及甾萜烷烃系列化合物的分布特征,对原油类型进行了划分,并对其油源做了初步的分析。研究表明,中Ⅲ区块原油可划分为3种类型:第Ⅰ类包括永6井与永9井白垩系吐谷鲁群原油及油砂抽提物,主要来自于中二叠统乌尔禾组烃源岩;第Ⅱ类包括永1井西山窑组和三工河组原油及油砂抽提物、永2井西山窑组油砂抽提物及永3井西山窑组和三工河组原油,为二叠系和侏罗系烃源岩生成的混源油;第Ⅲ类包括永6井西山窑组油砂抽提物和永2井西山窑组下部原油,主要来源于侏罗系烃源岩。