Dietary protein levels changed the hardness of muscle by acting on muscle fiber growth and the metabolism of collagen in sub-adult grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Background:Nutrient regulation has been proven to be an effective way to improve the flesh quality in fish.As a necessary nutrient for fish growth,protein accounts for the highest proportion in the fish diet and is expensive.Although our team found that the effect of protein on the muscle hardness of grass carp was probably related to an increased collagen content,the mechanism for this effect has not been deeply explored.Moreover,few studies have explored the protein requirements of sub-adult grass crap(Ctenopharyngodon idella).Therefore,the effects of different dietary protein levels on the growth performance,nutritional value,muscle hardness,muscle fiber growth,collagen metabolism and related molecule expression in grass carp were investigated.Methods:A total of 450 healthy grass carp(721.16±1.98 g)were selected and assigned randomly to six experimen-tal groups with three replicates each(n=25/replicate),and were fed six diets with 15.91%,19.39%,22.10%,25.59%,28.53%and 31.42%protein for 60 d.Results:Appropriate levels of dietary protein increased the feed intake,percentage weight gain,specific growth rate,body composition,unsaturated fatty acid content in muscle,partial free amino acid content in muscle,and muscle hardness of grass carp.These protein levels also increased the muscle fiber density,the frequency of new muscle fibers,the contents of collagen and IGF-1,and the enzyme activities of prolyl 4-hydroxylases and lysyloxidase,and decreased the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2.At the molecular level,the optimal dietary protein increased col-lagen type Iα1(Colα1),Colα2,PI3K,Akt,S6K1,La ribonucleoprotein domain family member 6a(LARP6a),TGF-β1,Smad2,Smad4,Smad3,tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2,MyoD,Myf5,MyoG and MyHC relative mRNA levels.The levels of the myostatin-1 and myostatin-2 genes were downregulated,and the protein expression levels of p-Smad2,Smad2,Smad4,p-Akt,Akt,LARP6 and Smad3 were increased.Conclusions:The appropriate levels of dietary protein promoted the growth of sub-adult grass carp and improved muscle hardness by promoting the growth of muscle fibers,improving collagen synthesis and depressing collagen degradation.In addition,the dietary protein requirements of sub-adult grass carp were 26.21%and 24.85%according to the quadratic regression analysis of growth performance(SGR)and the muscle hardness(collagen content),respectively.

Active Peptides and Motifs within Collagen and Other ECM Proteins

Collagens are the most abundant proteins in mammals and form an extracellular matrix (ECM) with other components as the structural support of muscle, skin, corneas and blood vessels etc. Other than providing structural support, the ECM exhibits active communication with cells and influences many cellular processes including migration, wound healing, differentiation and cancer metastasis. Though collagen proteins contain highly repetitive primary sequences and defined tertiary structures, more and more studies have shown that many short peptides/motifs within collagen proteins play key roles in various biological processes. These short sequences are effective within triple helical structures or independently as stand-alone molecules resulting from proteolytic degradation. Besides endogenous ECM-derived peptides, many more functional peptides have been produced by tissue processing, chemical synthesis, and recombinant protein production. In this review, we summarize different peptides/motifs identified in collagen and other ECM proteins and discuss their potential for medical, personal care, and cosmetics applications.

Dynamic changes of activator protein 1 and collagen I expression in the sclera of myopia guinea pigs

AIM: To investigate the dynamic changes of activator protein 1(AP1) and collagen I expression in the sclera of form-deprivation myopic model in guinea pigs. METHODS: A form-deprivation myopic model in guinea pigs were established with the left eye covered for 2 to 6 wk(FDM group). Normal control group(n=25) were untreated. Changes in refractive power and axial length(AL) were measured and recorded at different time points. Expressions of AP1 and collagen 1 of the sclera were measured with Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). The relationship between AP1 and collagen I levels was analyzed. RESULTS: After 0, 2, 4, 6 wk, and 4/-1 wk of form-deprivation, the diopter in the FDM group was gradually changed(2.08±0.31,-1.23±0.68,-4.17±0.58,-7.07±0.55, and-2.67±0.59 D, respectively, P<0.05), and the AL was gradually increased(5.90±0.38, 6.62±0.37, 7.30±0.35, 7.99±0.31, and 6.97±0.32 mm, respectively, P<0.05). With the prolongation of covered time, the protein expressions of AP1 and collagen I in the FDM group were gradually down-regulated(all P<0.05);the mRNA expressions of them were also gradually down-regulated(all P<0.05);and there was positive correlation between them. The control group had no obvious change in each index(all P>0.05). CONCLUSION: AP1 may be an important transcription factor involved in the regulation of collagen I synthesis and degradation during myopic scleral remodeling.

Effects of gentiana scabra bage on expression of hepatic type Ⅰ,Ⅲ collagen proteins in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with liver fibrosis

Objective:To exploit- the effects of gentiana scabra bage on the expression of hepatic collagen proteins in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with liver fibrosis.Methods:Immunohistochemical technique was used to observe the changes of content of hepatic type Ⅰ,Ⅲ collagen proteins in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with Liver fibrosis before and after the gentiana scabra bage treatmeat.Results:Comparing with the model group,changes of hepatic tvpe Ⅰ and type Ⅲ collagen proteins in gentiana scabra bage treated group were significantly weakened.Conclusions:Gentiana scabra bage treatment can reduce the content of hepatic type Ⅲ and type Ⅰ collagen protein significantly in Paragonimus skrjabini rats with liver fibrosis,thereby,playing the role against hepatic fibrosis.

Regulation of activin receptor-interacting protein 2 expression in mouse hepatoma Hepa1-6 cells and its relationship with collagen type Ⅳ

AIM： To investigate the regulation of activin receptor-interacting protein 2 （ARIP2） expression and its possible relationships with collagen type Ⅳ （collagen Ⅳ） in mouse hepatoma cell line Hepal-6 cells. METHODS： The ARIP2 mRNA expression kinetics in Hepal-6 cells was detected by RT-PCR, and its regulation factors were analyzed by treatment with signal transduction activators such as phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate （PMA）, forskolin and A23187. After pcDNA3- ARIP2 was transfected into Hepal-6 cells, the effects of ARIP2 overexpression on activin type Ⅱ receptor （ActRⅡ） and collagen Ⅳ expression were evaluated. RESULTS： The expression levels of ARIP2 mRNA in Hapel-6 cells were elevated in time-dependent manner 12 h after treatment with activin A and endotoxin LPS, but not changed evidently in the early stage of stimulation （2 or 4 h）. The ARIP2 mRNA expression was increased after stimulated with signal transduction activators such as PMA and forskolin in Hepal-6 cells, whereas decreased after treatment with A23187 （25.3% ± 5.7% vs 48.1% ± 3.6%, P 〈 0.01）. ARIP2 overexpression could remarkably suppress the expression of ActRⅡA mRNA in dose-dependent manner, but has no effect on ActRⅡB in Hepal-6 cells induced by activin A. Furthermore, we have found that overexpression of ARIP2 could inhibit collagen Ⅳ mRNA and protein expressions induced by activin A in Hapel-6 cells. CONCLUSION： These findings suggest that ARIP2 expression can be influenced by various factors. ARIP2 may participate in the negative feedback regulation of signal transduction in the late stage by affecting the expression of ActRIIA and play an important role in regulation of development of liver fibrosis induced by activin.

Expression and role of specificity protein 1 and collagenⅠin recurrent pterygial tissues

AIM:To investigate the expression profiles of the transcription factor specificity protein 1(Sp1)and collagenⅠin recurrent pterygial tissues.What is more,to compare the changes of Sp1 and collagen I among primary pterygial tissue,recurrent pterygial tissue and conjunctival tissue.METHODS:In the prospective study,we collected the pterygial tissues of 40 patients who underwent resection of primary pterygial tissue and recurrent pterygial tissue,and the conjunctival tissues of 10 patients with enucleation due to trauma.The relative expression levels of Sp1 and collagen I were analyzed by reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.Paired t-test was performed to compare the Sp1 and collagen I of recurrent pterygial tissues,as well as the primary pterygial tissues and conjunctival tissues.In further,Pearson’s hypothesis testing of correlation coefficients was used to compare the correlations of Sp1 and Collagen I.RESULTS:The content of Sp1 and collagen I m RNA and protein was significantly greater in recurrent pterygial tissue than that was in primary and conjunctival tissue(P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between the m RNA and protein levels of Sp1 and collagen I in recurrent pterygial tissues(protein:r=0.913,P<0.05;m RNA:r=0.945,P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Sp1 and collagen I are expressed in normal conjunctival,primary,and recurrent pterygial tissues,but expression is significantly greater in the latter.Sp1 and collagen I may be involved in the regulation of the development of recurrent pterygium.

All-trans Retinoic Acid Diminishes Collagen Production in a Hepatic Stellate Cell Line via Suppression of Active Protein-1 and c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Signal

Following acute and chronic liver injury,hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) become activated to undergo a phenotypic transformation into myofibroblast-like cells and lose their retinol content,but the mechanisms of retinoid loss and its potential roles in HSCs activation and liver fibrosis are not understood.The influence of retinoids on HSCs and hepatic fibrosis remains controversial.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of all-trans retinoid acid (ATRA) on cell proliferation,mRNA expression of collagen genes [procollagen α1 (Ⅰ),procollagen α1 (Ⅲ)],profibrogenic genes (TGF-β 1,CTGF,MMP-2,TIMP-1,TIMP-2,PAI-1),fibrolytic genes (MMP-3,MMP-13) and the upstream element (JNK and AP-1) in the rat hepatic stellate cell line (CFSC-2G).Cell proliferation was evaluated by measuring BrdU incorporation.The mRNA expression levels of collagen genes [procollagen α1 (Ⅰ),procollagen α1 (Ⅲ)],profibrogenic genes (TGF-β 1,CTGF,MMP-2,TIMP-1,TIMP-2,PAI-1),and fibrolytic genes (MMP-3,MMP-13) were quantitatively detected by using real-time PCR.The mRNA expression of JNK and AP-1 was quantified by RT-PCR.The results showed that ATRA inhibited HSCs proliferation and diminished the mRNA expression of collagen genes [procollagen α1 (Ⅰ),procollagen α1 (Ⅲ)] and profibrogenic genes (TGF-β 1,CTGF,MMP-2,TIMP-1,TIMP-2,PAI-1),and significantly stimulated the mRNA expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13 in HSCs by suppressing the mRNA expression of JNK and AP-1.These findings suggested that ATRA could inhibit proliferation and collagen production of HSCs via the suppression of active protein-1 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase signal,then decrease the mRNAs expression of profibrogenic genes (TGF-β 1,CTGF,MMP-2,TIMP-1,TIMP-2,PAI-1),and significantly induce the mRNA expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13.

COLLAGEN PROTEIN AND ITS APPLICATION IN PAPERMAKING

The structure and characters of collagen were introduced in detail in this paper. The application and the research progress of collagen in papermaking were also briefly described.

ⅩⅤⅡ型胶原蛋白的研究与应用

ⅩⅤⅡ型胶原蛋白是位于表皮基底膜区的跨膜蛋白,对于维持皮肤中相关干细胞的稳态有重要作用。本文简要介绍了ⅩⅤⅡ型胶原蛋白对表皮干细胞和毛囊干细胞的作用、结构功能以及它的应用前景,为将来ⅩⅤⅡ型胶原蛋白产品的开发提供了重要的理论基础。

养殖模式对中华鳖氨基酸价值的影响

为了研究养殖模式对中华鳖营养的影响,评估了池塘单作、藕鳖共作和稻鳖鱼共作3种养殖模式下,中华鳖肌肉和鳖裙中氨基酸及胶原蛋白含量。结果表明:3种养殖模式下,相同部位中氨基酸总量(TAA),必需氨基酸含量(EAA)均无显著差异。池塘单作模式下,肌肉的蛋白质营养价值最高,味道最为鲜美。

红景天苷对类风湿关节炎小鼠缺氧及炎性反应的作用机制

目的:缺氧是类风湿关节炎(RA)发展的重要因素,本研究旨在探究红景天苷改善RA模型小鼠缺氧和缓解炎症反应的效果和潜在机制。方法:C57BL/6小鼠被用于构建胶原蛋白诱导的关节炎(CIA)模型小鼠,并随机分为空白组、模型组、对照组、实验组。HE染色用于评价滑膜组织病理改变。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应、酶联免疫吸附测定,探究红景天苷对炎症反应、氧化应激以及脯氨酰羟化酶结构域蛋白2(PHD2)/蛋白磷酸酶2A(PP2A)/促分裂素原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号的调节。结果:与空白组相比,模型组、对照组、实验组滑膜组织存在显著的炎性浸润和缺氧反应。与模型组相比,实验组的HE染色结果表明红景天苷能明显抑制滑膜组织增殖和炎症细胞浸润(P<0.01)。ELISA结果表明红景天苷可以抑制促炎因子中肿瘤坏死因子、白介素-6的表达(P<0.01)。RT-qPCR结果显示红景天苷能够抑制缺氧诱导因子-1α并上调核因子E2相关因子2水平(P<0.01),抑制PHD2/PP2A/MAPK信号通路的激活(P<0.01)。结论:红景天苷能抑制CIA小鼠炎性反应和缺氧损伤,缓解RA的潜在机制与抑制PHD2/PP2A/MAPK信号通路激活相关。

骨质疏松症患者PINP、25-(OH)VitD_(3)、BMP-2与中医辨证分型的相关性研究

目的:分析骨质疏松症患者血清总I型胶原氨基末端前肽(PINP)、25-羟维生素D3[25-(OH)VitD_(3)]及骨形态发生蛋白2(BMP-2)与其中医辨证分型的相关性。方法:收集我院2020年8月~2023年8月医院收治的157例骨质疏松症患者的一般资料及中医四诊资料进行回顾性分析,并统计骨质疏松症患者中医辨证分型结果,对不同症型患者基本资料、PINP、25-(OH)VitD_(3)、BMP-2水平进行比较。结果:157例骨质疏松症患者中医辨证分型属肾阳虚证34例,脾肾阳虚证43例,肝肾阴虚证49例,血瘀气滞证31例。不同中医辨证分型的骨质疏松患者血清PINP、25-(OH)VitD_(3)及BMP-2水平整体相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中,血瘀气滞组PINP水平显著高于肾阳虚组、脾肾阳虚组及肝肾阴虚组患者(P<0.05),而其余3组两两间相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);脾肾阳虚证患者25-(OH)VitD_(3)水平明显低于肾阳虚组、肝肾阴虚组及血瘀气滞组(P<0.05),且肾阳虚组低于肝肾阴虚组及血瘀气滞组(P<0.05),而其余两组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);血瘀气滞组BMP-2水平显著低于肾阳虚组、脾肾阳虚组及肝肾阴虚组患者(P<0.05),而其余3组两两间相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);二分类logistics回归分析结果显示,血瘀气滞与PINP呈正相关(P<0.05),与BMP-2呈负相关(P<0.05);脾肾阳虚与25-(OH)VitD_(3)呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论:骨质疏松症患者的血清PINP、25-(OH)VitD_(3)、BMP-2水平与其中医辨证分型具有一定相关性,可作为评估患者中医辨证分型的参考指标。

碱性蛋白酶酶解蛋白制备活性肽的质控研究

以胶原蛋白和大豆分离蛋白为主要研究对象,应用体积排阻色谱(SEC)结合多角度激光光散射(MALLS)及示差折光(RI)联用技术对碱性蛋白酶酶解蛋白制备肽段的过程进行了详细分析。在酶解过程中,不同来源的胶原蛋白(牛、鸡)和大豆分离蛋白在分子量分布、体系的分散度及粒径变化规律上表现出了典型的差异。结果表明,牛胶原蛋白在酶解开始时就迅速被降解产生了大量小分子肽段,鸡胶原蛋白相对于牛胶原蛋白在相同的酶解条件下更难产生小分子肽段,大豆分离蛋白随着酶的加入则是表现出了先聚集再降解的特性。SEC-MALLS技术可以有效把控蛋白酶解的过程以及体系中肽段分子量分布,该技术可以为活性肽产品的开发及品质检测提供依据。

玻璃体内注射原纤维蛋白-2(FBN2)重组蛋白对FBN2缺陷型视网膜病变的影响

目的探讨玻璃体内注射原纤维蛋白-2(FBN2)重组蛋白对FBN2缺陷型视网膜病变的影响。方法取SPF级C57BL/6J小鼠32只,随机分为4组:正常对照组、阴性对照组、FBN2敲减组、FBN2重组蛋白组,每组8只小鼠,取右眼作为实验眼。入组后,正常对照组小鼠不进行干预,阴性对照组小鼠玻璃体内注射3μL空载体(1 mg·L^(-1)),FBN2敲减组及FBN2重组蛋白组小鼠玻璃体内注射3μL腺相关病毒(AAV)(1 mg·L^(-1)),4周后FBN2重组蛋白组小鼠玻璃体内注射3μL FBN2重组蛋白(1 mg·L^(-1))。采用视网膜电图(ERG)视觉电生理仪和光学相干断层扫描(OCT)仪分别检测小鼠视网膜Rod-b、Max-a波振幅和视网膜结构变化;RT-PCR、Western blot检测小鼠视网膜中FBN2、微原纤维相关糖蛋白(MAGP-2)、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(COL1)mRNA和蛋白表达变化。结果ERG检测结果显示,与阴性对照组和正常对照组相比,FBN2敲减组和FBN2重组蛋白组小鼠视网膜ERG Rod-b、Max-a波振幅均变小(均为P<0.05);与FBN2敲减组相比,FBN2重组蛋白组视网膜ERG Rod-b、Max-a波振幅均明显增加(均为P<0.05)。OCT检测结果显示,与FBN2敲减组相比,FBN2重组蛋白组小鼠视网膜色素上皮层组织结构恢复正常,光反射变规则。RT-PCR检测结果显示,与FBN2敲减组相比,FBN2重组蛋白组小鼠视网膜组织FBN2 mRNA表达明显升高,COL1、MAGP-2 mRNA表达均明显降低(均为P<0.05)。Western blot检测结果显示,与FBN2敲减组相比,FBN2重组蛋白组小鼠视网膜组织FBN2蛋白表达明显升高,COL1、MAGP-2蛋白表达均明显降低(均为P<0.05)。结论玻璃体内注射FBN2重组蛋白可以弥补FBN2缺陷型视网膜病变小鼠FBN2内源性缺失,通过调控COL1、MAGP-2表达可达到治疗疾病的作用。

羊皮胶原蛋白-聚乳酸复合纳米纤维的制备与表征

为了研究具有生物相容性和可降解性的医用材料,采用静电纺丝法制备羊皮胶原蛋白-聚乳酸复合纳米纤维,探讨了纺丝速度、纺丝距离和纺丝电压对纺丝效果的影响,并对制备的纳米纤维进行扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、热重(TG)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)、体外降解、力学性能的测试。结果表明:羊皮胶原蛋白与聚乳酸的质量比为2∶8、纺丝速度为1.0 mL/h、纺丝距离为15 cm、纺丝电压为15 kV时,羊皮胶原蛋白-聚乳酸复合纳米纤维质量最佳,羊皮胶原蛋白与聚乳酸(PLA)有较好的结合;30 d之内复合纳米纤维的降解性优于纯PLA;复合纳米纤维膜平均横截面为0.076 mm^( 2)时,拉伸强度为3.549 MPa,断裂伸长率为8.69%;所制备的羊皮胶原蛋白-聚乳酸复合纳米纤维具有良好的生物降解性,可以拓展应用到医学领域。

血清COL10A1、TK1、MIP-3α水平与胃癌患者病理特征的关系及其对腹膜转移的诊断价值研究

目的研究血清X型胶原α1链(COL10A1)、胸苷激酶1(TK1)、巨噬细胞炎症蛋白-3α(MIP-3α)水平与胃癌患者病理特征的关系及其对胃癌腹膜转移的诊断价值。方法以2021年1月至2022年12月邢台市人民医院收治的96例胃癌患者作为恶性组,其中有腹膜转移27例,无腹膜转移69例;选取同期收治的104例胃良性病变患者作为良性病变组,选取112例健康体检者作为健康对照组。比较各组血清COL10A1、TK1、MIP-3α水平及不同病理特征、有无腹膜转移胃癌患者血清COL10A1、TK1、MIP-3α水平,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清COL10A1、TK1、MIP-3α对胃癌患者腹膜转移的诊断价值。结果恶性组血清COL10A1、MIP-3α、TK1水平高于健康对照组、良性病变组,良性病变组血清COL10A1、MIP-3α水平高于健康对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低/未分化、有脉管浸润、肿瘤临床病理分期(TNM)分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期胃癌患者血清COL10A1、TK1、MIP-3α水平高于高/中分化、无脉管浸润、TNM分期Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者(P<0.05)。有腹膜转移胃癌患者血清COL10A1、TK1、MIP-3α水平高于无腹膜转移患者(P<0.05)。血清COL10A1、TK1、MIP-3α单项及3项联合检测诊断胃癌腹膜转移的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.722(95%CI:0.621~0.809)、0.749(95%CI:0.651~0.832)、0.736(95%CI:0.637~0.821)、0.853(95%CI:0.766~0.917),3项联合检测诊断的AUC大于3项单独检测(Z=1.990、3.617、2.986,P<0.001)。结论胃癌的发生导致患者血清COL10A1、TK1、MIP-3α水平升高,同时随着胃癌患者病情的进展,血清COL10A1、TK1、MIP-3α水平升高,且3项指标联合检测对胃癌患者腹膜转移具有较好的诊断价值。

汉黄芩素通过调节Hedgehog-YAP信号通路减轻肝硬化大鼠的肝纤维化

目的:探讨汉黄芩素(Wog)对肝纤维化模型大鼠的影响及其机制。方法:将大鼠分为对照组,模型组,Cym组(Hedgehog抑制剂组),Wog低、中、高剂量组。检测各组大鼠血清肝功能指标丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)水平,肝纤维化指标透明质酸(HA)、Ⅳ型胶原(CⅣ)、层黏蛋白(LN)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)水平;天狼星红染色观察肝组织胶原纤维;RT-qPCR法检测肝组织Ⅰ型胶原(ColⅠ)、α-肌动蛋白(α-SMA)mRNA水平;检测肝组织羟脯氨酸(Hyp)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)水平;免疫印迹检测Hedgehog-YAP通路相关蛋白SMO、GLI2、SHH、Yes相关蛋白1(YAP)、p-YAP水平。结果:与对照组相比,模型组血清ALT、AST、GGT、HA、CⅣ、LN、PCⅢ水平和肝组织ColⅠ、α-SMA mRNA、Hyp、MDA、SMO、GLI2、SHH、p-YAP/YAP水平均升高,SOD水平降低;与模型组相比,Cym组和Wog低、中、高剂量组血清ALT、AST、GGT、HA、CⅣ、LN、PCⅢ水平和肝组织ColⅠ、α-SMA mRNA、Hyp、MDA、SMO、GLI2、SHH、p-YAP/YAP水平均降低,SOD水平均升高;其中Cym组与Wog高剂量组相比,上述指标无显著差异。对照组肝组织未见增生的纤维组织,模型组肝组织胶原纤维增生明显,胶原染色面积增大;与模型组相比,Cym组和Wog低、中、高剂量组肝组织胶原纤维增生程度均减轻,胶原染色面积减小;其中Cym组与Wog高剂量组相比,胶原纤维增生程度无显著差异。结论:Wog可减轻肝纤维化模型大鼠肝纤维化程度,对肝纤维化模型大鼠具有保护作用,其机制可能与Wog可抑制Hedgehog-YAP信号通路有关。

TGF-β_1、BMP-2和TypeⅡ Collagen在黄韧带中的表达及意义

目的研究TGF-1β、BM P-2和typeⅡco llagen在退行性腰椎滑脱(degenerative lum bar spondy lo listhes is,DLS)和腰椎间盘突出症(lum bar d isc hern iation,LDH)黄韧带中的表达及其意义。方法37例手术切除的腰椎椎板间部黄韧带标本分为3组,第1组为退行性腰椎滑脱组(DLS)10例;第2组为腰椎间盘突出症组(LDH)17例,第3组为正常对照组10例,其中7例取自腰椎骨折手术病人,3例取自意外死亡者。应用EnV is ion二步免疫组化的方法检测其TGF-1β、BM P-2和typeⅡco llagen的表达情况,普通光镜观察,计算出各标本的表达阳性率和表达强度,数据以x-±s标准差及表达强度表示,结果分别用Spss统计软件和R id it进行分析。结果TGF-1β、BM P-2和typeⅡco llagen的阳性表达产物见于成纤维细胞、成软骨细胞和软骨细胞中,而Ⅱ型胶原染色还可同时见于基质。TGF-1β、BM P-2和typeⅡco llagen在DLS组中的表达明显高于LDH组和正常组(P<0.01或P<0.05),Ⅱ型胶原基质染色明显深于LDH组和对照组。LDH组的TGF-1β和typeⅡco llagen的表达阳性率和表达强度与正常组之间差异无显著性(P>0.05),而BM P-2的表达阳性率和表达强度在LDH组与正常组之间具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论黄韧带所受到的异常机械牵张力可以增加TGF-1β在黄韧带细胞中的合成,而TGF-1β则促进退行性腰椎滑脱黄韧带中的Ⅱ型胶原合成,导致黄韧带的退变和肥厚。BM P-2在退变黄韧带中的表达异常增高,可能与黄韧带的软骨化倾向有关。

胶原蛋白与细胞焦亡的联系与研究进展

胶原蛋白(Collagen)是人体中不可或缺的组成成分,主要存在于人体皮肤、筋膜、肌腱中,对维持组织的基本结构和功能至关重要。细胞焦亡(Pyroptosis)是一种复杂的细胞程序性死亡方式,在机体出现炎症时发挥重要的作用。近些年,有关细胞焦亡的研究已经获得了众多的进展,且成为目前最受瞩目的热点之一。胶原蛋白的研究已在细胞焦亡机制方面显示出巨大前景,相关研究表明,细胞焦亡的发生与体内胶原蛋白含量的变化发展密切相关。本文将从胶原蛋白的结构、细胞焦亡的机制通路、胶原蛋白对人体的作用、细胞焦亡对胶原蛋白的影响等方面进行综述,旨在为胶原蛋白与细胞焦亡的相关研究提供参考,为各种疾病的诊疗提供新的思路,这也可能成为将来治疗临床疾病的一个新的研究方向。

小针刀联合膝痹丸治疗寒湿痹阻型膝关节骨性关节炎临床研究

目的:探讨小针刀联合膝痹丸治疗寒湿痹阻型膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)的疗效。方法:以104例KOA患者为研究对象,依据1∶1简单随机数字表法将入组的KOA患者分为观察组与对照组各52例。对照组予以塞来昔布胶囊口服,观察组在对照组基础上应用小针刀联合膝痹丸治疗,两组治疗期均为8周。治疗后比较两组临床疗效、中医证候积分、疼痛视觉评分(VAS)、骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)、膝关节(AKS)、血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、血清素-6(IL-6)、关节液聚基质蛋白(COMP)和关节液胶原蛋白2-1(Coll2-1)水平,记录治疗期间不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组KOA患者经中医治疗后总有效率为94.23%,优于对照组78.85%(P<0.05)。治疗后两组KOA患者中医证候积分均降低,且观察组较之对照组更低(P<0.05)。治疗后两组KOA患者VAS、WOMAC评分、血清CRP、IL-6水平、关节液COMP、Coll2-1水平较之治疗前均明显降低,且观察组较之对照组更低(P<0.05);AKS评分均升高,且观察组较之对照组更高(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:小针刀联合膝痹丸治疗寒湿痹阻型膝关节骨性关节炎疗效较好,可以减轻中医证候,缓解疼痛,降低骨关节炎生物标志物与炎症因子水平。