Oil reservoirs with secondary bottom water in Ng33 members (in Guantao formation, Paleogene system) of Lin2-6 fault block in Huimin depression (Bohai Bay Basin) have entered the late stage of ultra-high water-containi...Oil reservoirs with secondary bottom water in Ng33 members (in Guantao formation, Paleogene system) of Lin2-6 fault block in Huimin depression (Bohai Bay Basin) have entered the late stage of ultra-high water-containing-exploitation. Oil exploitation from vertical wells is becoming more and more inefficient. The reservoir type, with water displacing oil and the remaining oil distribution are specifically studied in order to improve the efficiency of the recovery ratio. An integrated scheme for adjusting horizontal wells has been designed and the key technique of the scheme optimized. The study shows that: 1) the positive rhythm of fluvial depositional features is the internal cause of the flooding of oil reservoirs while water injection, injection-production patterns and accumulative petroleum production are the external causes; 2) oil-water driving patterns have transferred from edge water advancing to bottom-water-coning; distribution of the remaining oil mainly concentrates in the upper rhythm and top of the middle rhythm in Ng33 members; 3) a great deal of remaining oil is enriched in high positions of faults, in axes of tiny structures, in stagnation areas among water-injection wells and oil-wells and in tectonic saddle areas with sparse wells. Compared with vertical wells, horizontal wells have advantages such as high recovery, high off-take potential, high critical output, large controlling areas and long time of bottom-water breakthrough.展开更多
Numerical simulation of enhanced fluid flow characteristics in a three-stage double-stirring extraction tank was conducted with the coupling of an Eulerian multiphase flow model and a Morsi-Alexander interphase drag f...Numerical simulation of enhanced fluid flow characteristics in a three-stage double-stirring extraction tank was conducted with the coupling of an Eulerian multiphase flow model and a Morsi-Alexander interphase drag force model. Results show that the addition of a stirring device into the settler can efficiently reduce the volume fraction of out-of-phase impurity in the outlet, and accelerate the settling separation of oil-water mixture. Such addition can also effectively break down the oil-water-wrapped liquid droplets coming from the mixer, inhibit reflux from the outlet, and improve the oil-water separation. The addition of a stirring device induces ignorable power consumption compared with that by the mixer, and can thus facilitate the commercialized promotion of this novel equipment.展开更多
Objective:Impaired active fluid transport of al veolar epithelium may involve in the pathogenesis and resolution of alveolar ede ma. The objective of this study was to explore the changes in alveolar epithelia l liqui...Objective:Impaired active fluid transport of al veolar epithelium may involve in the pathogenesis and resolution of alveolar ede ma. The objective of this study was to explore the changes in alveolar epithelia l liquid clearance during lung edema following acute lung injury induced by olei c acid. Methods:Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into si x groups, i.e., injured, amiloride, ouabain, amiloride plus ouabain and terbutal ine groups. Twenty-four hours after the induction of acute lung injury by intra venous oleic acid ( 0.25 ml/kg), 5% albumin solution with 1.5 μCi 12 5 I-labeled albumin (5 ml/kg) was delivered into both lungs via trachea. Alveo lar liquid clearance (ALC), extravascular lung water (EVLW) content and arterial blood gases were measured one hour thereafter. Results:At 24 h after the infusion of oleic acid, the rats dev eloped pulmonary edema and severe hypoxemia, with EVLW increased by 47.9 % and ALC decreased by 49.2 %. Addition of either 2×10 -3 M amiloride or 5× 10 -4 M ouabain to the instillation further reduced ALC and increased E VLW. ALC increased by approximately 63.7 % and EVLW decreased by 46.9 % wi th improved hypoxemia in the Terbutaline (10 -4 M) group, compared those in injured rats. A significant negative correlation was found between the incremen t of EVLW and the reduction of ALC. Conclusions:Active fluid transport of alveolar epithelium migh t play a role in the pathogenesis of lung edema in acute lung injury.展开更多
基金Projects 2003CB214603 supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaDMSM200803 by the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Deposi-tional Mineralization & Sedimentary Mineral, Shandong Province
文摘Oil reservoirs with secondary bottom water in Ng33 members (in Guantao formation, Paleogene system) of Lin2-6 fault block in Huimin depression (Bohai Bay Basin) have entered the late stage of ultra-high water-containing-exploitation. Oil exploitation from vertical wells is becoming more and more inefficient. The reservoir type, with water displacing oil and the remaining oil distribution are specifically studied in order to improve the efficiency of the recovery ratio. An integrated scheme for adjusting horizontal wells has been designed and the key technique of the scheme optimized. The study shows that: 1) the positive rhythm of fluvial depositional features is the internal cause of the flooding of oil reservoirs while water injection, injection-production patterns and accumulative petroleum production are the external causes; 2) oil-water driving patterns have transferred from edge water advancing to bottom-water-coning; distribution of the remaining oil mainly concentrates in the upper rhythm and top of the middle rhythm in Ng33 members; 3) a great deal of remaining oil is enriched in high positions of faults, in axes of tiny structures, in stagnation areas among water-injection wells and oil-wells and in tectonic saddle areas with sparse wells. Compared with vertical wells, horizontal wells have advantages such as high recovery, high off-take potential, high critical output, large controlling areas and long time of bottom-water breakthrough.
基金financially supported by the National 863 Plan(2010AA03A405and 2012AA062303)+4 种基金the National 973 Plan(2012CBA01205)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U120227451204040)the National Science and Technology Support Program(2012BAE01B02)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N130702001 and N130607001)
文摘Numerical simulation of enhanced fluid flow characteristics in a three-stage double-stirring extraction tank was conducted with the coupling of an Eulerian multiphase flow model and a Morsi-Alexander interphase drag force model. Results show that the addition of a stirring device into the settler can efficiently reduce the volume fraction of out-of-phase impurity in the outlet, and accelerate the settling separation of oil-water mixture. Such addition can also effectively break down the oil-water-wrapped liquid droplets coming from the mixer, inhibit reflux from the outlet, and improve the oil-water separation. The addition of a stirring device induces ignorable power consumption compared with that by the mixer, and can thus facilitate the commercialized promotion of this novel equipment.
文摘Objective:Impaired active fluid transport of al veolar epithelium may involve in the pathogenesis and resolution of alveolar ede ma. The objective of this study was to explore the changes in alveolar epithelia l liquid clearance during lung edema following acute lung injury induced by olei c acid. Methods:Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into si x groups, i.e., injured, amiloride, ouabain, amiloride plus ouabain and terbutal ine groups. Twenty-four hours after the induction of acute lung injury by intra venous oleic acid ( 0.25 ml/kg), 5% albumin solution with 1.5 μCi 12 5 I-labeled albumin (5 ml/kg) was delivered into both lungs via trachea. Alveo lar liquid clearance (ALC), extravascular lung water (EVLW) content and arterial blood gases were measured one hour thereafter. Results:At 24 h after the infusion of oleic acid, the rats dev eloped pulmonary edema and severe hypoxemia, with EVLW increased by 47.9 % and ALC decreased by 49.2 %. Addition of either 2×10 -3 M amiloride or 5× 10 -4 M ouabain to the instillation further reduced ALC and increased E VLW. ALC increased by approximately 63.7 % and EVLW decreased by 46.9 % wi th improved hypoxemia in the Terbutaline (10 -4 M) group, compared those in injured rats. A significant negative correlation was found between the incremen t of EVLW and the reduction of ALC. Conclusions:Active fluid transport of alveolar epithelium migh t play a role in the pathogenesis of lung edema in acute lung injury.
