小组合作学习在小学语文中高段课堂教学中的应用研究

小组合作是新课标所倡导的一种学习方式,亦是焕发学生主体性、使教学质量得到提升的一个重要环节。小组合作的学习方式对学生的主体地位表以强调,使学生认知与情感方面发生变化,加快构建学习共同体,最终形成自主学习的能力。同时,小组合作也是一种社会性融合,帮助学生学会合作,更好地融入团体与社会。而现小组合作愈发具有泛化倾向,对其研究亦是泛泛理论之谈,因此深入实际的小学语文课堂,与一线教师进行交流,具备十分重要的现实意义。本文采用案例研究法、文献法、访谈法和课堂观察法,通过参与式课堂观察走进小学语文课堂,根据学生在小组合作时的具体表现填写课堂观察量表,最终从古诗、记叙文、散文这三类文体中选取了三节案例进行编写。从访谈授课教师、访谈小组学生以及个人思考这三个方面对每个案例进行深入分析。发现其所存问题,并基于问题与原因,提出相对应的优化建议。

Scoring and Consequential Validity Evidence of Computer-and Paper-Based Writing Tests in Times of Change

Little is known about how the assessment modality,i.e.,computer-based(CB)and paper-based(PB)tests,affects language teachers’scorings,perceptions,and preferences and,therefore,the validity and fairness of classroom writing assessments.The present mixed-methods study used Shaw and Weir’s(2007)sociocognitive writing test validation framework to examine the scoring and consequential validity evidence of CB and PB writing tests in EFL classroom assessment in higher education.Original handwritten and word-processed texts of 38 EFL university students were transcribed to their opposite format and assessed by three language lecturers(N=456 texts,152 per teacher)to examine the scoring validity of CB and PB tests.The teachers’perceptions of text quality and preferences for assessment modality accounted for the consequential validity evidence of both tests.Findings revealed that the assessment modality impacted teachers’scorings,perceptions,and preferences.The teachers awarded higher scores to original and transcribed handwritten texts,particularly text organization and language use.The teachers’perceptions of text quality differed from their ratings,and physical,psychological,and experiential characteristics influenced their preferences for assessment modality.The results have implications for the validity and fairness of CB and PB writing tests and teachers’assessment practices.

English newspapers and magazines and the teaching of College English

Reading English newspapers and magazines is an effective way to help the students get the latest information worldwide and improve English levels. The present article first analyzes the features of the English newspapers and magazines and then proposes making good use of them through such classroom activities as discussing the hot issue and role-playing to provide more authentic situations in which the students can have chances to practice four English skills, achieving the ideal teaching result.

On methods of ＂dual-way enjoyable teaching＂ of College English

English teaching in big classes, for Chinese college students, is the main channel to learn and practice English. In the process of a successful classroom teaching, students and teachers are required to cooperate with each other and mutually complete teaching activities in an enjoyable and harmonious atmosphere. This paper analyzes the current situation of College English teaching in China, and discusses the application of the methodology of ＂dual-way enjoyable teaching＂ in big classes, indicating that the classroom activities should be designed to enliven the class atmosphere, which is also the effective way to realize the aim of enjoyable teaching and enjoyable learning.

The Teachers＇ Feedback Act Research of College English Classes

The Follow up Move Research has been deepening after it was first defined in 1975 by Sinclair and Coulthard, but it has not been paid attention in China, let alone study its effect in the classroom. In this essay based on the author＇s literature reading, the Follow up move functions and their language features are classified; its pragmatic motivations are researched and some factors which affect its relevance of occurrence are studied. Then with this guide of the frame four teachers classroom follow up moves are studied. Finally, the other scholars＇ findings in this field are commented and then the author＇s own insights are put forward.

Corpus-based Translation Class Design Study

This essay accesses to the approach of corpus applied to translation teaching, in order to improve the teaching methods, lay the foundation for the translation teaching reform, cultivate students research ability, and finally to establish a new type of translation teaching design-- ＂ability-development-oriented design＂. Also, this paper takes the word ＂good＂ for example, looking for the general rules to translate it and its common collocation, in order to design a translation class. Corpus-based learning and teaching provides us a new feasible way of translation class.

On solving fossilization of spoken English of non-English college students by means of communication strategies

The paper starts with the notions of communicative competence and communicative strategies, and proposes that communicative strategies competence, one of the four communicative competences, plays an important role in improving the overall competence in communication. Meanwhile, communication strategies, which are indispensable in communicative activities, make it necessary for teachers to cultivate students＇ strategies awareness and enable them to practice communicative strategies so as to further develop their communicative strategies.

Reflection on Classroom Teaching Innovation Triggered by Non-Engfish Majors＇ Evaluation on Chinese and Foreign Instructor＇s Pedagogies

Non-English majors＇ evaluation on teachers is a vital way to get feedback of English language classroom teaching and learning. This paper reports on a study which used a discourse-analytic approach to look into the existing problems in English classroom teaching at undergraduates＇ level. The ways of searching solutions for the problems are also discussed.

The Effective Approach to Interactive English Classes --- Group Work

A series of study and investigation has been made on the basis of the theory of group work. The purpose is to study the effectiveness of group work in the interaction class, thus to attract more English teachers＇ attention to seek for the new approach to the breakthrough of traditional English class mode.

On the design of oral practice in higher learning

With the development of the economy and society, a large number of qualified persons with good English are in great need, which puts forward a challenge to the English teaching of higher learning about how to train the students to be proficient in English. By analyzing oral English classes, this paper aims at exploring how to effectively improve students＇ oral competence by means of diversified ways of teaching.

Situated Cognition Theory and English Teaching under the Background of New Curriculum

Contextual Cognitive Theory （CCT） is the latest teaching and learning theory in west countries, which reveals the nature of knowledge in a new perspective as well as the conditions of meaningful learning. The concept based on CCT corresponds to the principles proposed by the new curriculum standard for English. Therefore, it has great implications for the reform of English teaching in the classroom. In this paper, the author gives a brief account of the main points of CCT, and then, she discusses its pedagogical implications for the construction of new teaching strategies in the classroom through designing and analyzing teaching cases.

Self-perceptions and social–emotional classroom engagement following structured physical activity among preschoolers: A feasibility study

Background: The well-rounded development of the child, including physical, cognitive, emotional, and social health, may be the most efficient route to well-being and academic success. The primary goal was to investigate the feasibility of implementing a 12-week structured program of physical activity(PA) incorporating cognitive, social, and emotional elements in preschool. Additionally, this study, using a within-subject design,examined the acute effects of a PA session on classroom engagement and changes on perceived competence and peer acceptance from the first to the last week of the program.Methods: Twenty-seven preschoolers(mean age = 4.2 years) completed the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children before and after a twice-weekly PA program. Unobtrusive classroom observations were conducted for verbal, social, and affective engagement during the first and last week of the program, both following a structured PA session(experimental day) and on a day without PA(control day). Treatment fidelity was monitored to ensure that the intervention was delivered as designed.Results: The children exhibited longer periods of verbal and social engagement during classroom periods that followed PA sessions than on non-PA days. Children also expressed more positive affect following PA sessions during the last week of the PA program. Despite high baseline scores,perceptions of general competence increased meaningfully(η2= 0.15, p = 0.05), driven by increase in perceptions of cognitive competence(η2= 0.15,p = 0.06).Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of providing structured PA program to preschoolers. Moreover, these initial findings suggest that purposely designed, structured PA may help advance the social–emotional engagement and perceived competence of preschool children.

Researching Classroom-Based Assessment for Formative Purposes

This article aims to help teacher-researchers engage in empirical research on classroom-based assessment for formative purposes. We will first introduce the key features of classroom-based formative assessment(CBFA), and analyze the research questions asked in round-one projects funded by the Fund for Assessment Research(FAR) in Foreign Language Education in China. Next, we will illustrate how some research questions can be answered by analyzing a video-taped lesson from a round-one FAR project. We conclude by calling for more teacher-led research and argue that research on CBFA by teachers will not only produce valid interpretations and applicable findings, but also constitute a viable model for teacher professional development.

Some Fixed Point Results on a Class of Contractive Mappings in Cone Metric Spaces

In this paper, we consider a notion of contractive mappings with certain conditions in cone metric spaces and obtain some results of fixed points by using some necessary conditions. The results directly improve and generalize some fixed point results in metric soaces and some previous results in cone metric spaces.

Strong Laws of Large Numbers for Weighted Sums of Ч-mixing Sequence

In this paper, strong laws of large numbers for weighted sums of ■-mixing sequence are investigated. Our results extend the corresponding results for negatively associated sequence to the case of ■-mixing sequence.

Fuzzy MP-filters Lattice on a Given FI-algebra

In this paper, the properties of fuzzy MP-filters are discussed by using methods of Domain theory in FI-algebras. It is proved that all fuzzy MP-filters of a given FI-algebra form a distributive algebraic lattice, particularly form a frame.

Complete Moment Convergence for Arrays of Rowwise Negatively Associated Random Variables

In this paper, the authors present some new results on complete moment convergence for arrays of rowwise negatively associated random variables. These results improve some previous known theorems.

On Reverses of the Blaschke-Santalo Inequality for Convex Bodies

Reisner proved a reverse of the Blaschke-Santal5 inequality for zonoid bodies, Bourgain and Milman showed another reverse of the Blaschke-Santal5 inequality for centered convex bodies. In this paper, two reverses of the Blaschke-Santal5 inequality for convex bodies are given by the Petty projection inequality and above two reverses. Further, using above methods, we also obtain two analogues of the Petty＇s conjecture for projection bodies, respectively.

Team management in college English classroom teaching

With the rapid development and furthering of higher education, most Chinese colleges have carried out large-scale enrollment program, which is a necessary improvement toward higher education reform. Meanwhile, the increasing number of students has posed new problems and requirements for the old teaching method： the English teachers are facing more students and larger classes. In Zhejiang University, City College （ZUCC） the credit system and course selection has challenged the English teachers on a higher level. Every English teacher is facing classes of more than 40 students from various departments with sharp contrast among individual students in their English proficiency level and local background. How can every student actively participate in teaching activity so as to achieve better performance in English class？ Many teachers, therefore, have adopted team activity and cooperative teaching method to stimulate student participation in class. Inspired by the management theory to optimize student groups into independent teams, the concept of team construction and team management has been introduced into College English Teaching in ZUCC, which has given new meaning to team activity--it will become an interdisciplinary teaching method with its own feature.

Simplicities and Automorphisms of a Special Infinite Dimensional Lie Algebra

In this paper, a special infinite dimensional Lie algebra is studied. The infinite dimensional Lie algebra appears in the fields of conformal theory, mathematical physics, statistic mechanics and Hamilton operator. The infinite dimensional Lie algebras is pop ularized Virasoro-like Lie algebra. Isomorphisms, homomorphisms, ideals of the infinite dimensional Lie algebra are studied.