多指PHEMT器件热点和热阻数值研究

随着大功率半导体器件的发展,其局部热流密度急剧增加。为防止器件功能失效,需要可靠的建模技术来研究器件的热学行为,进而指导其冷却设计。本文采用非等温能量平衡模型研究了自热效应对栅长为500nm的多指GaAs赝配高电子迁移率固态微波功率器件(PHEMT)的热学特性的影响。基于泊松方程、连续性方程、输运方程和晶格热方程,数值求解得到了器件的热点位置和温度分布,并通过实验进行了验证。最后,应用(?)理论,进-步分析了(?)耗散热阻在评价器件热学性能方面的适用性。

基于方向导数法的换热系统性能优化

为了揭示换热系统性能优化的物理概念和规律,提出应用方向导数法来优化换热系统性能的新方法。首先,介绍了方向导数法的概念和数学形式,并阐明了方向导数法与拉格朗日乘子法之间的关系。其次,基于■耗散热阻思想和热阻网络原理,应用方向导数法分别对独立以及串联、并联换热器网络进行了分析。针对两独立换热器网络求其最大换热量问题,性能优化准则为两换热器换热量对热导(或热容量流)的导数相等。这相当于换热器换热量对热导(或热容量流)导数的离散场的协同。最后,应用方向导数法对含串并联单元的换热器网络进行了优化计算,得到了各设计参数最优值。对优化结果分析发现,应用系统分级等效思想可以指导并简化换热系统的优化设计,系统性能的优化取决于资源(热导或热容量流)的优化分配,即遵循大值与大值相匹配的原则。

Application of entransy dissipation based thermal resistance to design optimization of a novel finless evaporator

Entransy has been applied and studied in a broad range of heat transfer optimizations recently. Current study proposes the entransy of evaporators to conduct the optimization of heat exchangers in heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. A novel finless bare tube heat exchanger was studied using a validated heat exchanger modeling tool. The capacity based optimization and entransy dissipation based thermal resistance were used and compared. The applicability of using entransy dissipation based thermal resistance in this type of heat exchanger optimization has been discussed. It has been demonstrated that minimizing entransy dissipation and maximizing capacity are equivalent to optimizing evaporators with fixed flow rates and different when optimizing evaporators with variable flow rates and the deviation is negligible when heat exchanger capacity is small(~1 k W) and more obvious as heat exchanger capacity increases. Thus entransy dissipation based thermal resistance could be used as an alternative optimization index to capacity for evaporators with fixed flow rate and small capacity evaporators with variable flow rates and should be used individually with capacity as an optimization index for evaporators with large capacity and variable flow rates.

Comparative study on constructal optimizations of T-shaped fin based on entransy dissipation rate minimization and maximum thermal resistance minimization

The constructal optimizations of T-shaped fin with two-dimensional heat transfer model are carried out by finite element method and taking the minimization of equivalent thermal resistance based on entransy dissipation and the minimization of maximum thermal resistance as optimization objectives, respectively. The effects of the global parameter a (integrating the coefficient of convective heat transfer, the overall area occupied by fin and its thermal conductivity) and the volume fraction ? of fin on the minimums of equivalent thermal resistance and maximum thermal resistance as well as their corresponding optimal configurations are analyzed. The comparison of the results based on the above two optimization objectives is conducted. The results show that the optimal structures based on the two optimization objectives are obviously different from each other. Compared with the optimization result by taking the minimization of maximum thermal resistance as the objective, the optimization result by taking the equivalent thermal resistance minimization as the objective can reduce the average temperature difference in the fin obviously. The increases of a and ? can all improve the working status of local hot spot and the global heat transfer performance of the system. But the improvement effects of the increases of a and ? on the minimization of equivalent thermal resistance are different from those on the minimization of maximum thermal resistance. For either objective, the effect of a is different from that of ?. The T-shaped fin with minimum equivalent thermal resistance is much taller than that with minimum maximum thermal resistance; for either optimization objective, the stem of fin is thicker than the branches of fin, and the stem thickness is relatively close to branch thickness when the minimization of equivalent thermal resistance is taken as the optimization objective. The T-shaped fin with flat stem and slender branches can benefit the reduction of the maximum thermal resistance.

Entransy dissipation,entransy-dissipation-based thermal resistance and optimization of one-stream hybrid thermal network

The one-stream hybrid thermal network is analyzed and discussed based on the entransy theory,and the results are compared with those from the entropy generation optimization.The theoretical analysis indicates that the minimum heat-flow-weighted temperature of the thermal networks corresponds to the minimum entransy dissipation rate and the minimum thermal resistance.For a simple hybrid thermal network consisting of three thermal components,the expression of entransy dissipation is conducted,and the heat transfer area and the mass flow rate are calculated and optimized.The optimal results are obtained in order to minimize the entransy dissipation and the thermal resistance.The optimal results are calculated for various combinations,such as series connection,parallel connection and other hybrid connections.The numerical results are in accordance with the theoretical analysis.Both the theoretical analysis and the numerical results show that the minimum entransy dissipation and the minimum thermal resistance correspond to the minimum heat-flow-weighted temperature of the thermal networks while the minimum entropy generation does not.

Entransy dissipation analysis and optimization of separated heat pipe system

Seperated heat pipe systems are widely used in the fields of waste heat recovery and air conditioning due to their high heat transfer capability,and optimization of heat transfer process plays an important role in high-efficiency energy utilization and energy conservation.In this paper,the entransy dissipation analysis is conducted for the separated heat pipe system,and the result indicates that minimum thermal resistance principle is applicable to the optimization of the separated heat pipe system.Whether in the applications of waste heat recovery or air conditioning,the smaller the entransy-dissipation-based thermal re-sistance of the separated heat pipe system is,the better the heat transfer performance will be.Based on the minimum thermal resistance principle,the optimal area allocation relationship between evaporator and condenser is deduced,which is numeri-cally verified in the optimation design of separated heat pipe system.

Shape Analysis of Bounded Traveling Wave Solutions and Solution to the Generalized Whitham-Broer-Kaup Equation with Dissipation Terms

This paper deals with the problem of the bounded traveling wave solutions' shape and the solution to the generalized Whitham-Broer-Kaup equation with the dissipation terms which can be called WBK equation for short.The authors employ the theory and method of planar dynamical systems to make comprehensive qualitative analyses to the above equation satisfied by the horizontal velocity component u(ξ) in the traveling wave solution (u(ξ),H(ξ)),and then give its global phase portraits.The authors obtain the existent conditions and the number of the solutions by using the relations between the components u(ξ) and H(ξ) in the solutions.The authors study the dissipation effect on the solutions,find out a critical value r*,and prove that the traveling wave solution (u(ξ),H(ξ)) appears as a kink profile solitary wave if the dissipation effect is greater,i.e.,|r| ≥ r*,while it appears as a damped oscillatory wave if the dissipation effect is smaller,i.e.,|r| < r*.Two solitary wave solutions to the WBK equation without dissipation effect is also obtained.Based on the above discussion and according to the evolution relations of orbits corresponding to the component u(ξ) in the global phase portraits,the authors obtain all approximate damped oscillatory solutions (u(ξ),H(ξ)) under various conditions by using the undetermined coefficients method.Finally,the error between the approximate damped oscillatory solution and the exact solution is an infinitesimal decreasing exponentially.