Enabling weakened hedges in linguistic multi-criteria decision making

A semantics-based model is proposed to enable weakened hedges, such as ＂more or less＂ and ＂roughly＂ in the context of linguistic multi-criteria decision making. First, the resemblance relations are defined based on the semantics of terms on the domain. Then, the hedges can be represented after the upper and loose upper approximations of a linguistic term are derived. Accordingly, some compact formulae can be derived for the semantics of linguistic expressions with hedges. Parameters in these formulae are objectively determined according to the semantics of original terms. The proposed model presents a more natural way to express the decision information under uncertainties and its semantics is clear. The proposed model is clarified by solving the problem of evaluation and selection of sustainable innovative energy technologies. Computational results demonstrate that the model can deal with various uncertainties of the problem. Finally, the model is compared with existing techniques and extended to the case when the semantics of terms are represented by trapezoidal fuzzy numbers.

Fundamental Theories of Spatial Similarity Relations in Multi-scale Map Spaces

Similarity relation is one of the spatial relations in the community of geographic information science and cartography.It is widely used in the retrieval of spatial databases, the recognition of spatial objects from images, and the description of spatial features on maps.However, little achievements have been made for it by far.In this paper, spatial similarity relation was put forward with the introduction of automated map generalization in the construction of multi-scale map databases;then the definition of spatial similarity relations was presented based on set theory, the concept of spatial similarity degree was given, and the characteristics of spatial similarity were discussed in detail, in-cluding reflexivity, symmetry, non-transitivity, self-similarity in multi-scale spaces, and scale-dependence.Finally a classification system for spatial similarity relations in multi-scale map spaces was addressed.This research may be useful to automated map generalization, spatial similarity retrieval and spatial reasoning.

The similitude research on underwater complex shell-structure based on SEA

In this paper, the vibration arid sound radiation of the underwater complexshell-structure which is the cylindrical shell with hemi-spherical shell on the ends are studied bystatistical energy analysis (SEA). The whole shell-structure is divided into the four subsystems,and the SEA physical model and power flow balance equations among these subsystems are established.The similitude relations of input power, coupling loss factor and modal density of the subsystemsbetween the complex shell-structure and its scaled-down model are analyzed. According to thesimilitude theory and power flow balance equations, when the immerged shell-structures are excited,the similar relations of spatially averaged vibration response and underwater radiating sound powerare established for the complex shell-structure and its scaled-down model.

Improvement of Similarity Measure： Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient

Aim To study the reason of the insensitiveness of Pearson product-momentcorrelation coefficient as a similarity measure and the method to improve its sensitivity. MethodsExperimental and simulated data sets were used. Results The distribution range of the data setsinfluences the sensitivity of Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. Weighted Pearsonproduct-moment correlation coefficient is more sensitive when the range of the data set is large.Conclusion Weighted Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient is necessary when the range ofthe data set is large.

Experimental study on similarity materials for soft rock of deep-buried tunnels

When every parameter is properly scaled down in accordance with some similarity coefficients, it is possible to study the physical-mechanical properties of rock mass with a scale model. To identify the key mechanisms of soft rock in deep buried tunnels, the proper sand, binder and ratio were selected. During the process, the model manufacture technology was introduced and typical tests were done and the results were presented. The physical and meehanieal properties effects caused by each composition were discussed. It is shown that the physical and mechanical properties of chosen ratio material such as uniaxial compressive strength tests, elasticity modulus, tensile strength, internal frictional angle, and Poisson＇s ratio meet with similarity relationship well. The physical and mechanical properties of deep soft rock are simulated successfully.

Self-Similar Characteristic for the Ramp Structures of Wind Speed

Time series of wind speed are composed of large and small ramp structures. Data analysis reveals a power law relation between the linear slope of ramp structures and the time scale. This suggests that these ramp structures of wind speed have a self-similar characteristic. The lower limit of the self-similar scale range was 2 s. The upper limit is unexpectedly large at 27 rain. Data are collected from grassland, city, and lake areas. Although these data have different underlying surfaces, all of them clearly show a power law relation, with slight differences in their power exponents.

Architecture and algorithm for web phishing detection

A phishing detection system, which comprises client-side filtering plug-in, analysis center and protected sites, is proposed. An image-based similarity detection algorithm is conceived to calculate the similarity of two web pages. The web pages are first converted into images, and then divided into sub-images with iterated dividing and shrinking. After that, the attributes of sub-images including color histograms, gray histograms and size parameters are computed to construct the attributed relational graph（ARG）of each page. In order to match two ARGs, the inner earth mover＇s distances（EMD）between every two nodes coming from each ARG respectively are first computed, and then the similarity of web pages by the outer EMD between two ARGs is worked out to detect phishing web pages. The experimental results show that the proposed architecture and algorithm has good robustness along with scalability, and can effectively detect phishing.

Studies on genetic relationships among Oakleaf loquat, Daduhe loquat and common loquat by RAPD and ISSR

The genetic relationships among oakleaf loquat （Eriobotrya prinoides）, Daduhe loquat （Eriobotrya prinoides var. dadunensis） and common loquat （Eriobotrya japonica） were studied by RAPD and ISSR markers. The results showed that the similarity coefficient between oakleaf loquat and common loquat was minimal （0.6996 and 0.7219, respectively） and the similarity coefficient between oakleaf loquat and Daduhe loquat was maximal （0.8403 and 0.8211, respectively）, while the similarity coefficient between Daduhe loquat and common loquat was always intermediate （0.7195 and 0.7219, respectively）. The highest additivity was obtained when Daduhe loquat was regarded as the undetermined hybrid （44.9% and 45.8%, respectively）. The specific bands of oakleaf loquat and common loquat were present in Daduhe loquat. Thus, it could be concluded that Daduhe loquat was a hybrid of oakleaf loquat and common loquat.

Statistical Superposition of Crosstalk Effects in Cable Bundles

This paper deals with the analytical derivation of phasor-domain statistical properties of crosstalk in random wire cables due to the superposition of several sources of electromagnetic interference.In this study,statistical characterization of crosstalk in cable bundles,which is available in literature for the case of one source of interference,is extended to the case of several sources operating simultaneously.The superposition of crosstalk effects is analysed in statistical terms,also taking into account the correlation between crosstalk contributions.A further random contribution,which is included in the proposed statistical model,is given by the phase relationship between the sources of interference.Analytical approximate expressions for the crosstalk mean value,variance,and probability density function are derived as functions of the cable bundle features and sources.

Research on Semantic and Cache Model of Relational Database

The paper firstly analyze cache replacement strategies at present, and proposed the ideas of the semantic query cache replacement based on user access features, and describe the semantic similarity calculation and realize the algorithm of replacement strategy. The strategy use semantic to match information in the query cache, through dynamic analysis and tracking three characteristics of user access time, user access to content and Business Association, give out the similarity minimum of the cache item, to improve the hit ratio of the cache and the response time and throughput of the server is improved.

基于MV-代数的度量型模糊粗糙集

研究基于多值逻辑MV-代数的度量型模糊粗糙集模型,给出■-半度量和通常的实数值半度量的关系,证明■-半度量和■-相似关系的等价性,研究■-半度量诱导的模糊粗糙近似算子的性质及其可定义集的性质。

Simulation analysis theory and experimental verification of air-cushion isolation control of high concrete dams

To focus on the key scientific problem of process control of dynamic catastrophe of high dams,presented for the first time are the modelling theory of liquid-gas-solid tri-phase coupling of the air-cushion isolation control of high dams and its numerical simulation method,and theoretical description of the complicated dynamics problem of the tri-phase coupling-thermodynamics state-material-contact bi-nonlinearity,as well as the simulation analysis of the key effects of dynamic catastrophe of the air-cushion isolated high dam engineering.The analytic solution of plane-wave with rigid-dam body was created.The simulation comparison of dynamic catastrophe processes of 305 m Jinping arch dam with and without seismic control was carried out,and the results were basically in agreement with that obtained from the large shaking table tests,and verify each other.The entire air-chamber and optimized air-cushion with varying thickness were presented to develop a optimization method.The large shaking table tests of the isolated dam model,which is satisfied with the basic dynamic similarity relations,were performed for the first time.The test data seemed to be convincing and were in agreement with the dynamic simulation results of the tested model,thereby providing an experimental verification to the simulation theory and method.The combination experiments of theoretical model and physical model demonstrated that the hydrodynamic pressure of high arch dams can be reduced by more than 70% as well as the first and third principle stresses of the dam body reduced by more than 20%-30%,thereby the global anti-seismic capacity of the high dam being improved significantly.The results have shown that the air-cushion isolation is the prior developing direction of structural control technology of high concrete dams.

A Similitude Method and the Corresponding Blade Design of a Low-Speed Large-Scale Axial Compressor Rotor

A similitude method to model the tip clearance flow in a high-speed compressor with a low-speed model is presented in this paper.The first step of this method is the derivation of similarity criteria for tip clearance flow,on the basis of an inviscid model of tip clearance flow.The aerodynamic parameters needed for the model design are then obtained from a numerical simulation of the target high-speed compressor rotor.According to the aerodynamic and geometric parameters of the target compressor rotor,a large-scale low-speed rotor blade is designed with an inverse blade design program.In order to validate the similitude method,the features of tip clearance flow in the low-speed model compressor are compared with the ones in the high-speed compressor at both design and small flow rate points.It is found that not only the trajectory of the tip leakage vortex but also the interface between the tip leakage flow and the incoming main flow in the high-speed compressor match well with that of its low speed model.These results validate the effectiveness of the similitude method for the tip clearance flow proposed in this paper.