Artificial self-powered and self-healable neuromorphic vision skin utilizing silver nanoparticle-doped ionogel photosynaptic heterostructure

Artificial skin should embody a softly functional film that is capable of self-powering,healing and sensing with neuromorphic processing.However,the pursuit of a bionic skin that combines high flexibility,self-healability,and zero-powered photosynaptic functionality remains elusive.In this study,we report a self-powered and self-healable neuromorphic vision skin,featuring silver nanoparticle-doped ionogel heterostructure as photoacceptor.The localized surface plasmon resonance induced by light in the nanoparticles triggers temperature fluctuations within the heterojunction,facilitating ion migration for visual sensing with synaptic behaviors.The abundant reversible hydrogen bonds in the ionogel endow the skin with remarkable mechanical flexibility and self-healing properties.We assembled a neuromorphic visual skin equipped with a 5×5 photosynapse array,capable of sensing and memorizing diverse light patterns.

Dendrobium officinale extract exerts antioxidant effects against skin photoaging through MMP9-TNF pathway

Background:Skin photoaging is a physiological or pathological process caused by multiple factors.Developing anti-skin photoaging drugs is a hot topic in cosmetology research fields.The purpose of this study was to explore the therapeutic effect of Dendrobium officinale(D.officinale)on skin aging.Methods:The ingredients of D.officinale were detected by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS.The targets of D.officinale were screened by Swiss Target Prediction database.GeneCards,NCBI,and OMIM databases were utilized to find out the targets associated with skin photoaging.Overlapping targets of D.officinale and skin photoaging were obtained by Venn analysis.The ingredient-disease target network and protein-protein interaction network were constructed by using the STRING database and Cytoscape software.The key compounds and hub genes were obtained by analyzing networks.The DAVID database was applied for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis of the overlapping targets.Autodock Vina software was used to simulate molecular docking and the results were visualized using Pymol.Finally,the skin photoaging models of cells and mice were established to validate the results predicted by network pharmacology.Results:In D.officinale,a total of 59 compounds and 595 targets were detected,of which 59 proteins were intersectional with skin photoaging targets.The top 10 active ingredients(Dendrophenol,Herbacetin,Lyoniresinol,Trans-ferulaldehyde,Naringenin,and so on)and 8 hub genes(AKT1,TNF,VEGFA,MAPK3,CASP3,MMP9,CTNNB1,and EGFR)were identified.All the key active compounds could bind well with core protein targets(binding energy<-5 kcal/mol).The potential therapeutic targets were related to the response to reactive oxygen species,collagen catabolic process,extracellular matrix organization,and apoptotic process,mainly.We also found that D.officinale could enhance the cell viability and activity of anti-oxidases,reduce reactive oxygen species and MMP9 levels,and stable mitochondrial membrane potential.Furthermore,D.officinale could alleviate skin photoaging injury and reduce malondialdehyde level in mice.Conclusion:D.officinale alleviated skin photoaging via regulating oxidative stress,apoptosis,and collagen catabolic process.

创伤性脊髓损伤急性期前列腺素E1对血管相关因子的调节和微循环功能的保护

背景:前列腺素E1被证明在血管扩张、炎症、白细胞迁移和黏附中发挥调节作用,但其对创伤性脊髓损伤后脊髓微循环的作用尚缺乏深入的研究。目的:探讨在大鼠创伤性脊髓损伤急性期给予前列腺素E1对血管相关因子的调节和微循环功能的保护作用机制。方法:将72只雌性SD大鼠随机分为3组(n=24),即假手术组、脊髓损伤组、前列腺素E1组。后两组用Allen’s打击法建立脊髓损伤的体内模型,前列腺素E1组大鼠在脊髓损伤后15 min内立即尾静脉注射脂质前列腺素E110μg/kg。分别在损伤后2,24 h测定脊髓微循环血流量和血氧饱和度、脊髓微血管直径和面积、脊髓含水量、血管功能调节因子(血浆血管性血友病因子、血栓素A2、前列环素、内皮素1)和炎症因子(肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β)的表达。结果与结论:①脊髓损伤后2 h,前列腺素E1组大鼠的脊髓微血管直径及面积、脊髓微循环血流量和血氧饱和度均高于脊髓损伤组(P<0.05),脊髓含水量低于脊髓损伤组(P<0.05),血浆血管性血友病因子、脊髓组织血栓素A2/前列环素及内皮素1质量浓度均低于脊髓损伤组(P<0.05);②脊髓损伤后24 h,前列腺素E1组大鼠的脊髓微血管面积、血流量和血氧饱和度均高于脊髓损伤组(P<0.05),脊髓含水量低于脊髓损伤组(P<0.05),血浆血管性血友病因子、脊髓组织血栓素A2/前列环素及内皮素1、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β的质量浓度均低于脊髓损伤组(P<0.05);③脊髓损伤组大鼠损伤后24 h的脊髓微血管直径及面积、脊髓微循环血流量和血氧饱和度均高于损伤后2 h(P<0.05),血浆血管性血友病因子、脊髓组织血栓素A2/前列环素、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1β的质量浓度均高于损伤后2 h(P<0.05),但是脊髓组织内皮素1质量浓度低于损伤后2 h(P<0.05);④前列腺素E1组大鼠损伤后24 h的脊髓微循环血流量和血氧饱和度低于损伤后2 h(P<0.05),脊髓微血管直径及面积、脊髓含水量高于损伤后2 h(P<0.05);⑤以上结果表明,脊髓损伤大鼠伤后即刻静脉给予前列腺素E1,可调节血管功能调节因子、炎症因子并改善脊髓损伤后脊髓微循环,这为寻找治疗急性脊髓损伤的药物提供了潜在的基础。

5E教学模式在药学专业有机化学课程中的应用

文章首先说明了5E教学模式在药学专业有机化学课程中应用的思路,然后论述了5E教学模式在药学专业有机化学课程中应用的流程,包括引入、探究、解释、迁移、评价五个环节,最后总结了5E教学模式在药学专业有机化学课程中应用的注意事项。

Ultraconformable Integrated Wireless Charging Micro-Supercapacitor Skin

Conformable and wire-less charging energy storage devices play important roles in enabling the fast development of wearable,non-contact soft electronics.However,current wire-less charging power sources are still restricted by limited flexural angles and fragile connection of components,resulting in the failure expression of performance and constraining their fur-ther applications in health monitoring wearables and moveable artificial limbs.Herein,we present an ultracompatible skin-like integrated wireless charging micro-supercapacitor,which building blocks(including electrolyte,electrode and substrate)are all evaporated by liquid precursor.Owing to the infiltration and permeation of the liquid,each part of the integrated device attached firmly with each other,forming a compact and all-in-one configuration.In addition,benefitting from the controllable volume of electrode solution precursor,the electrode thickness is easily regulated varying from 11.7 to 112.5μm.This prepared thin IWC-MSC skin can fit well with curving human body,and could be wireless charged to store electricity into high capacitive micro-supercapacitors(11.39 F cm-3)of the integrated device.We believe this work will shed light on the construction of skin-attachable electronics and irregular sensing microrobots.

Nanozyme‑Engineered Hydrogels for Anti‑Inflammation and Skin Regeneration

Inflammatory skin disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments,posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system.Conventional therapies,such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,are limited in efficacy and associated with adverse effects.Recently,nanozyme(NZ)-based hydrogels have shown great promise in addressing these challenges.NZ-based hydrogels possess unique therapeutic abilities by combining the therapeutic benefits of redox nanomaterials with enzymatic activity and the water-retaining capacity of hydrogels.The multifaceted therapeutic effects of these hydrogels include scavenging reactive oxygen species and other inflammatory mediators modulating immune responses toward a pro-regenerative environment and enhancing regenerative potential by triggering cell migration and differentiation.This review highlights the current state of the art in NZ-engineered hydrogels(NZ@hydrogels)for anti-inflammatory and skin regeneration applications.It also discusses the underlying chemo-mechano-biological mechanisms behind their effectiveness.Additionally,the challenges and future directions in this ground,particularly their clinical translation,are addressed.The insights provided in this review can aid in the design and engineering of novel NZ-based hydrogels,offering new possibilities for targeted and personalized skin-care therapies.

补中益气加味方对结直肠癌移植瘤模型Vimentin、E-cadherin表达的研究

目的结合课题组前期临床观察实践以及网络药理学分析结果,探讨补中益气加味方对结直肠癌裸鼠移植瘤组织Vimentin、E-cadherin表达的研究。方法于30只裸鼠右腿内侧皮下接种人结肠癌细胞SW480构建结直肠癌移植瘤模型,随机分为5组,模型对照组(生理盐水)、补中益气加味方低、中、高浓度组(26.72、53.43、106.86 g·kg^(-1)),4组均每天灌胃给药,连续14 d,化疗组(腹腔注射氟尿嘧啶25mg·kg^(-1))隔天给药1次,连续14 d后处死裸鼠,免疫组化法检测肿瘤组织中Vimentin、E-cadherin蛋白的表达情况。结果模型对照组、低浓度干预组Vimentin高表达,氟尿嘧啶干预组、中浓度和高浓度药物干预组Vimentin表达下调(P<0.05);模型对照组、低浓度干预组E-cadherin低表达,氟尿嘧啶干预组、中浓度和高浓度药物干预组E-cadherin表达上调(P<0.05)。结论补中益气加味方可通过下调EMT标志物Vimentin的表达,上调E-cadherin有效抑制肿瘤细胞侵袭转移。

金丝桃苷通过调控Wnt3a/β-catenin通路对促进皮肤成纤维细胞增殖和胶原合成的作用研究

目的:探究金丝桃苷对促进烧伤后皮肤成纤维细胞的增殖和胶原合成的作用及其潜在的调控机制。方法:利用高温刺激皮肤成纤维细胞,利用金丝桃苷(0、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 mg/ml)处理皮肤成纤维细胞。CCK-8检测细胞增殖能力;qRT-PCR COL1A1和COL3A1的表达;检测Western blot分析CollagenⅠ和CollagenⅢ的表达;免疫荧光检测CollagenⅠ和α-SMA的表达。结果:结果显示金丝桃苷可以促进高温刺激的人真皮成纤维细胞活力。此外,金丝桃苷处理可以提高皮肤成纤维细胞中的胶原合酶表达(COL1A1和COL3A1),以及胶原蛋白CollagenⅠ和CollagenⅢ的表达,进而促进胶原合成。金丝桃苷可以抑制高温刺激的人真皮成纤维细胞中的Wnt3a/β-catenin通路活性。Wnt3a/β-catenin通路抑制剂ICG-001处理可以逆转高温刺激对成纤维细胞活力、胶原合成的抑制作用。结论:金丝桃苷通过抑制Wnt3a/β-catenin通路促进烧伤后皮肤成纤维细胞的增殖和胶原合成。

Multistage Microstructured Ionic Skin for Real-Time Vital Signs Monitoring and Human-Machine Interaction

Skin-like electronics research aiming to mimic even surpass human-like specific tactile cognition by operating perception-to-cognition-to-feedback of stimulus to build intelligent cognition systems for certain imperceptible or inappreciable signals was so attractive.Herein,we constructed an all-in-one tri-modal pressure sensing wearable device to address the issue of power supply by integrating multistage microstructured ionic skin(MM i-skin)and thermoelectric self-power staffs,which exhibits high sensitivity simultaneously.The MM i-skin with multi-stage“interlocked”configurations achieved precise recognition of subtle signals,where the sensitivity reached up to 3.95 kPa^(−1),as well as response time of 46 ms,cyclic stability(over 1500 cycles),a wide detection range of 0–200 kPa.Furthermore,we developed the thermoelectricity nanogenerator,piezoelectricity nanogenerator,and piezocapacitive sensing as an integrated tri-modal pressure sensing,denoted as P-iskin,T-iskin,and C-iskin,respectively.This multifunctional ionic skin enables real-time monitoring of weak body signals,rehab guidance,and robotic motion recognition,demonstrating potential for Internet of things(IoT)applications involving the artificial intelligence-motivated sapiential healthcare Internet(SHI)and widely distributed human-machine interaction(HMI).

核因子E2相关因子2参与动脉粥样硬化病变的相关机制

氧化应激作为动脉粥样硬化发生的重要机制,通过刺激内皮细胞损伤、泡沫细胞形成及平滑肌细胞增殖和迁移进而加速动脉粥样硬化进程。核因子E2相关因子2(Nuclear factor e2-related factor 2,NRF2)作为抗氧化应激的关键因子,参与维持细胞的代谢、氧化还原和蛋白质平衡进而保护内皮细胞不受损伤,抑制细胞内氧化应激的发生进而延缓动脉粥样硬化的发生发展。本文主要对NRF2参与动脉粥样硬化病变的相关分子机制做一综述。

A Polyvinyl Alcohol/Acrylamide Hydrogel with Enhanced Mechanical Properties Promotes Full-Thickness Skin Defect Healing by Regulating Immunomodulation and Angiogenesis Through Paracrine Secretion

Hydrogel-based tissue-engineered skin has attracted increased attention due to its potential to restore the structural integrity and functionality of skin.However,the mechanical properties of hydrogel scaffolds and natural skin are substantially different.Here,we developed a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/acrylamide based interpenetrating network(IPN)hydrogel that was surface modified with polydopamine(PDA)and termed Dopa-gel.The Dopa-gel exhibited mechanical properties similar to native skin tissue and a superior ability to modulate paracrine functions.Furthermore,a tough scaffold with tensile resistance was fabricated using this hydrogel by three-dimensional printing.The results showed that the interpenetration of PVA,alginate,and polyacrylamide networks notably enhanced the mechanical properties of the hydrogel.Surface modification with PDA endowed the hydrogels with increased secretion of immunomodulatory and proangiogenic factors.In an in vivo model,Dopa-gel treatment accelerated wound closure,increased vascularization,and promoted a shift in macrophages from a proinflammatory M1 phenotype to a prohealing and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype within the wound area.Mechanistically,the focal adhesion kinase(FAK)/extracellular signal-related kinase(ERK)signaling pathway may mediate the promotion of skin defect healing by increasing paracrine secretion via the Dopa-gel.Additionally,proangiogenic factors can be induced through Rho-associated kinase-2(ROCK-2)/vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-mediated paracrine secretion under tensile stress conditions.Taken together,these findings suggest that the multifunctional Dopa-gel,which has good mechanical properties similar to those of native skin tissue and enhanced immunomodulatory and angiogenic properties,is a promising scaffold for skin tissue regeneration.

基于迁移学习的改进EfficientNet网络的皮肤病分类研究

针对目前皮肤病辅助分类技术所应用的网络模型参数量大、分类准确率不高的问题,提出了一种基于迁移学习的改进EfficientNet皮肤病分类方法。该方法应用迁移学习思想对轻量级深度卷积神经网络EfficientNet进行改进,具体包括添加全局平均池化层、冻结不同层数等对模型进行微调,形成TL-EfficientNet网络。实验结果表明,TL-EfficientNetB0在经类别权重预处理后的ISIC2018皮肤病数据集上的准确率达到85.07%,Macro_P达到0.82,网络参数只有4.49 M,适合部署到移动端。

欧盟碳边境调节机制与中国出口贸易绿色低碳演化前瞻——基于GTAP-E模型的预测研究

探究以欧盟碳边境调节机制(CBAM)为代表的碳关税贸易壁垒对中国出口贸易的影响,对研究中国出口贸易绿色低碳演化路径具有重要意义。因此可以构建多种碳关税征收情景,并通过GTAP-E模型进行递归模拟,预测欧盟碳边境调节机制正式实施后碳关税壁垒和中国出口贸易变化。研究发现:CBAM将对中国出口贸易竞争力带来负面效应,可加强多边对话与协商,共同制定应对措施降低影响;欧盟进口需求下滑,中国对欧出口通道受阻,机械设备及交通运输制造业首当其冲,应继续积蓄优势产业出口动能,调整碳密集产品出口份额;中国贸易伙伴格局或将重塑,向欧盟和美国的出口受冲击较大,RCEP和金砖国家对中国产品接纳能力提高,应按需调整贸易流动方向、优化产品圈层;CBAM对中国碳泄漏风险管控作用不大,需要构建更加完善的全生命周期隐含碳核算体系,推动碳市场不断完善。

Bioengineered skin organoids:from development to applications

Signifcant advancements have been made in recent years in the development of highly sophisticated skin organoids.Serving as three-dimensional(3D)models that mimic human skin,these organoids have evolved into complex structures and are increasingly recognized as efective alternatives to traditional culture models and human skin due to their ability to overcome the limitations of two-dimensional(2D)systems and ethical concerns.The inherent plasticity of skin organoids allows for their construction into physiological and pathological models,enabling the study of skin development and dynamic changes.This review provides an overview of the pivotal work in the progression from 3D layered epidermis to cyst-like skin organoids with appendages.Furthermore,it highlights the latest advancements in organoid construction facilitated by state-of-the-art engineering techniques,such as 3D printing and microfuidic devices.The review also summarizes and discusses the diverse applications of skin organoids in developmental biology,disease modelling,regenerative medicine,and personalized medicine,while considering their prospects and limitations.

A Comprehensive Systematic Review: Advancements in Skin Cancer Classification and Segmentation Using the ISIC Dataset

The International Skin Imaging Collaboration(ISIC)datasets are pivotal resources for researchers in machine learning for medical image analysis,especially in skin cancer detection.These datasets contain tens of thousands of dermoscopic photographs,each accompanied by gold-standard lesion diagnosis metadata.Annual challenges associated with ISIC datasets have spurred significant advancements,with research papers reporting metrics surpassing those of human experts.Skin cancers are categorized into melanoma and non-melanoma types,with melanoma posing a greater threat due to its rapid potential for metastasis if left untreated.This paper aims to address challenges in skin cancer detection via visual inspection and manual examination of skin lesion images,processes historically known for their laboriousness.Despite notable advancements in machine learning and deep learning models,persistent challenges remain,largely due to the intricate nature of skin lesion images.We review research on convolutional neural networks(CNNs)in skin cancer classification and segmentation,identifying issues like data duplication and augmentation problems.We explore the efficacy of Vision Transformers(ViTs)in overcoming these challenges within ISIC dataset processing.ViTs leverage their capabilities to capture both global and local relationships within images,reducing data duplication and enhancing model generalization.Additionally,ViTs alleviate augmentation issues by effectively leveraging original data.Through a thorough examination of ViT-based methodologies,we illustrate their pivotal role in enhancing ISIC image classification and segmentation.This study offers valuable insights for researchers and practitioners looking to utilize ViTs for improved analysis of dermatological images.Furthermore,this paper emphasizes the crucial role of mathematical and computational modeling processes in advancing skin cancer detection methodologies,highlighting their significance in improving algorithmic performance and interpretability.

Regulatory T cells in skin regeneration and wound healing

As the body’s integumentary system,the skin is vulnerable to injuries.The subsequent wound healing processes aim to restore dermal and epidermal integrity and functionality.To this end,multiple tissue-resident cells and recruited immune cells cooperate to efficiently repair the injured tissue.Such temporally-and spatially-coordinated interplay necessitates tight regulation to prevent collateral damage such as overshooting immune responses and excessive inflammation.In this context,regulatory T cells(Tregs)hold a key role in balancing immune homeostasis and mediating cutaneous wound healing.A comprehensive understanding of Tregs’multifaceted field of activity may help decipher wound pathologies and,ultimately,establish new treatment modalities.Herein,we review the role of Tregs in orchestrating the regeneration of skin adnexa and catalyzing healthy wound repair.Further,we discuss how Tregs operate during fibrosis,keloidosis,and scarring.

Atmospheric Particulate Matter 2.5(PM_(2.5))Induces Cell Damage and Pruritus in Human Skin

With the accelerated rate of urbanization in recent years,air pollution has become an environmental problem that requires urgent resolution,almost all of the world’s population exposed to pollution on a daily basis.Among the various air pollutants,the excessive dispersion and suspension of particulate matter(PM)in the air.

Anti-skin aging effects and bioavailability of collagen tripeptide and elastin peptide formulations in young and middle-aged women

Background:Collagen peptides(CP),including tripeptides and elastin peptides(EP),are known for their in vitro and in vivo anti-skin aging effects.Despite positive results in animal models,the combination effects of CP and EP and the bioavailability of CP in human studies,particularly in young and middle-aged women,remain underexplored.Objective:To evaluate the effects of an orally administered collagen drink combining CP and EP on the skin health of young and middle-aged women.Materials and Methods:A single-center,randomized,double-blind,parallel-controlled trial was conducted,utilizing the WONDERLABR fish collagen tripeptide beverage.Participants consumed the drink over an 8-week period.Results:Compared to the placebo group,the collagen drink group showed significant improvements in skin hydration(39.19%increase),transepidermal water loss(33.45%decrease),skin elasticity(25.37%increase),dermal collagen content(21.64%increase),pore size(7.94%decrease),wrinkle length(18.09%decrease),skin smoothness(2.85%improvement),and skin roughness(15.32%decrease).Overall pore volume decreased by 60%,and visual assessments indicated a decrease in skin luminosity by 15.20%and smoothness index by 22.55%.Mass spectrometry demonstrated a significant increase in collagen efficacy components,including blood pH and GPH levels(P<0.05).Conclusion:The study confirmed the combination nourishing and anti-skin aging effects of EP and CP on the skin of young and middle-aged women,demonstrating significant improvements in various skin parameters and good bioavailability of collagen peptides.

Gluconacetobacter hansenii GK-1 Ingestion for 8 Weeks Improves Skin Discomfort in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study

Gluconacetobacter hansenii GK-1 is an acid-resistant gram-negative bacterium used in vinegar brewing. Oral ingestion of GK-1 was previously reported to help maintain immunity and reduce nasal discomfort. Considering the suggested mechanism of action of activation of regulatory T cells via TLR4 to control Th1/Th2 balancing, GK-1 is also assumed to reduce skin discomfort secondary to immune reactions;however, this has not been validated in humans. Thus, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study on 100 healthy Japanese men and women (mean age, 47.6 ± 1.01 years) aged 20–64 years who consumed GK-1 (9 × 109 cells) daily for 8 weeks. Visual analog scale for overall, facial, arm, and leg skin discomfort was assessed before and after ingestion. The cumulative days of skin discomfort during the ingestion period were assessed. Compared with the placebo group, the G. hansenii GK-1 group had a significantly lower visual analog scale for overall and facial skin discomfort after 8 weeks and cumulative days of skin discomfort. Moreover, there were no adverse events attributable to G. hansenii GK-1. This study confirmed that oral ingestion of G. hansenii GK-1 contributed to skin integrity. The study protocol was preregistered at the Clinical Trials Registry System (registration no. UMIN000053005, December 7, 2023).

The Application Progress of Skin Imaging Technology in Psoriasis

Skin imaging technologies such as dermoscopy, high-frequency ultrasound, reflective confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography are developing rapidly in clinical application. Skin imaging technology can improve clinical diagnosis rate, and its non-invasiveness and repeatability make it occupy an irreplaceable position in clinical diagnosis. With the “booming development” of medical technology, skin imaging technology can improve clinical diagnosis rate. Researchers have made significant advances in assisting clinical diagnosis, prediction, and treatment of disease. This article reviews the application and progress of skin imaging in the diagnosis of psoriasis.