Research Overview of Zhuang Medicine Fumigation Lotions

At present,there is little research on the application of Zhuang medicine fumigation lotions in skin diseases,and there is no research on related preparation processes and quality standards.In this paper,the characteristics of its formulation and the research progress in skin diseases are reviewed,in order to deepen the understanding of Zhuang medicine fumigation lotions and provide a more detailed theoretical basis for its clinical research,development and application.

Extraction Process of Zhuang Medicine Fumigation Lotion

[Objectives]To establish the extraction process and quality standard method of Zhuang medicine fumigation lotion.[Methods]The orthogonal design method was employed to optimize the water extraction process with the amount of water added,decocting time and extraction times as factors,and syringin content and dry extract yield as indexes.The content of syringin was determined by high performance liquid chromatography.[Results]The best water extraction process was:soaking in water for 1 h,decocting twice,added 10 times the amount of water each time,decocting for 1 h.The average content of syringin in 3 batches was 0.98 mg/g,and the average dry extract yield was 26.07%.[Conclusions]The project adopts water extraction method to prepare Zhuang medicine fumigation lotion,which has the characteristics of high efficiency and suitable for large-scale production.The quality control method is reliable,rapid and accurate,and can effectively control the quality of the lotion.

Evaluation of Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide Fumigation as a Method for the Bio-decontamination of the High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter Unit

Objective To evaluate the performance of vaporized hydrogen peroxide （VHP） for the bio-decontamination of the high efficiency particulate air （HEPA） filter unit. Methods Self-made or commercially available bioindicators were placed at designated locations in the HEPA filter unit under VHP fumigation. The spores on coupons were then extracted by 0.5 h submergence in eluent followed by 200- time violent knocks. Results Due to the presence of HEPA filter in the box, spore recovery from coupons placed at the bottom of the filter downstream was significantly higher than that from coupons placed at the other locations. The gap of decontamination efficiency between the top and the bottom of the filter downstream became narrower with the exposure time extended. The decontamination efficiency of the bottom of the filter downstream only improved gently with the injection rate of H202 increased and the decontamination efficiency decreased instead when the injection rate exceeded 2.5 g/min. The commercially available bioindicators were competent to indicate the disinfection efficiency of VHP for the HEPA filter unit. Conclusion The HEPA filter unit is more difficult than common enclosure to decontaminate using VHP fumigation. Complete decontamination can be achieved by extending fumigation time. VHP fumigation can be applied for in-situ biodecontamination of the HEPA filter unit as an alternative method to formaldehyde fumigation.

Efficacy of combining traditional Chinese medicine fumigation with Western medicine for diabetic peripheral neuropathy:A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective:A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of supplementing Western medicine with Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)fumigation in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Methods:The China Biomedical Literature,Chinese full-text periodical,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang,PubMed,EMbase,and Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials published from inception through May 2015.The methodological quality of eligible studies was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk Bias Assessment tool,and summarized effects were calculated using Reviewer Manager 5.1 software.Subgroup analysis was conducted based on the duration of intervention.Results:The initial search identified 312 relevant studies,of which 40 randomized controlled trials involving 3497 patients were eligible for analysis.The results indicated that TCM fumigation significantly improved the curative effects[risk ratio(RR)=1.34,95%CI(confidence interval):1.29e1.39],common peroneal motor nerve conduction velocity[standard mean difference(SMD)=2.93,95%CI:2.26e3.61],common peroneal sensory nerve conduction velocity(SMD=2.23,95%CI:1.46e3.01),and plasma viscosity(SMD=1.02,95%CI:1.35e0.69)compared to Western medicine alone(all p<0.01).A subgroup analysis indicated that the curative effects were significant after 15 days(RR=1.31,95%CI:1.21e1.42),30 days(RR=1.33,95%CI:1.26e1.40),and 60 days(RR=1.50,95%CI:1.32e1.71)of combined treatment(all p<0.01).

Nitrogen Dioxide Fumigation for Microbial Control on Unshelled Peanuts*

Stored peanuts often need treatments to control microbial infections as well as insects to maintain postharvest quality. Nitric oxide (NO) is a recently discovered fumigant for postharvest pest control. NO fumigation must be conducted under ultralow oxygen condition to preserve NO and always contains NO2 due to NO reaction with oxygen and NO2 has antimicrobial property. Therefore, NO fumigation has potential to control both pests and pathogens. In this study, we evaluated antimicrobial effects of NO2 fumigation on unpasteurized unshelled peanuts. Peanuts were fumigated with 0.3%, 1.0%, and 3.0% NO2 for three days at 25˚C by injecting NO gas into glass jars to react with O2 in the atmosphere. After fumigation, wash-off microbial samples were collected from intact peanut samples and, then, cracked open peanut samples with non-selective tryptic soy broth medium. The wash-off samples were then diluted with both the non-selective medium and a fungal-selective potato dextrose broth medium and were tested on GreenLight™ rapid enumeration test based on oxygen depletion on culture medium. All three NO2 fumigation treatments showed significant antibacterial and antifungal effects on intact peanuts as well as on cracked peanuts with complete inhibition with 3.0% NO2. Fumigation did not have obvious effects on appearance of skinned peanut kernels. These results suggested that NO2 fumigation has potential to control microbes on stored products, and NO fumigation with the combination of NO and NO2 has potential to control both insects and microbes on stored products.

Impact of Soil Fumigation Practices on Soil Nematodes and Microbial Biomass

This study was designed to understand the impact of methyl bromide (MB) (CH3Br) and its alternatives on both free-living and root-knot nematodes in the soil. A randomized complete block experiment with six treatments and 4 replicates (each replicate in a separate greenhouse) was established in Qingzhou, Shandong Province, China. In addition to MB and untreated control (CK) treatments there were four alternative soil fumigation practices including MB+virtually impermeable films (VIF), metam sodium (MS), MS +VIF and soil solarization combined with selected biological control agents (SS+BCA). Two tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) cultivars, cv. Maofen-802 from the Xian Institute of Vegetable Science, China, and cv. AF179 Brillante from the Israeli Hazera Quality Seeds, were selected as test crops. The results indicated that Rhabditidae was the most dominant population with percentage abundance as high as 85% of the total number of identified free-living nematodes, followed by that of Cephalobidae. Methyl bromide and its alternatives except for the non-chemical SS+BCA treatment controlled the target pest, root-knot nematodes. Also, the impact of the three chemical alternatives on free-living nematode number and functional group abundance was similar to the impact associated with a typical methyl bromide application. Chemical fumigation practices, especially that with MB, significantly reduced the number of nematodes in the soil and simultaneously significantly reduced the number of nematode genera thereby reducing nematode diversity. All the four soil chemical fumigation activities decreased soil microbial biomass and had an obvious initial impact on microorganism biomass. Furthermore, both plant-parasitic and fungivore nematodes were positively correlated with soil microbial biomass.

The effects of Chinese herbal fumigation on the prevention of peripheral neurotoxicity caused by chemotherapy:a meta-analysis

Backgroud:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Chinese herbal fumigation to prevent peripheral neurotoxicity caused by chemotherapy.Methods:CNKI,VIP Database,Wanfang Database,PubMed and Cochrane Databases were searched from January 2014 to July 2019 for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of herbal fumigation to prevent peripheral neurotoxicity caused by chemotherapy.The RCTs were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the data extraction and bias risk assessment were performed.RevMan 5.3 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:Five Chinese RCTs were eventually included,with a total of 331 patients.Meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group,herbal fumigation could significantly reduce the incidence of peripheral neurotoxicity induced by chemotherapy(OR=0.34,95%CI(0.21,0.55),P<0.01).Moreover,herbal fumigation could also reduce the incidence of peripheral neurotoxicity above grade 2(OR=0.17,95%CI(0.04,0.77)P=0.02).Conclusion:Herbal fumigation can effectively prevent the occurrence of peripheral neurotoxicity caused by chemotherapy without obvious adverse reactions.

Effects of Nitric Oxide Fumigation on Mortality of Light Brown Apple Moth, <i>Epiphyas postvittana</i>(Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)*

Light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana, is a quarantine pest in most countries and has established in California and, therefore, has potential to affect export of fresh products from infested areas. There is currently lack of effective treatment especially against eggs. Nitric oxide is a recently discovered fumigant for postharvest pest control and is evaluated in laboratory fumigations to determine its efficacy against different life stages of this pest. Small scale fumigations with nitric oxide at 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, and 5.0% concentrations were conducted under ultralow oxygen conditions at 2˚C against larvae, pupae, and eggs of light brown apple moth. Treatment times ranged from 4 to 24 h depending on nitric oxide concentration and life stage. Complete control of larvae and pupae was achieved in 8 h fumigation with 2.0% NO. Eggs were successfully controlled in 6, 12, and 24 h fumigations with 5.0%, 3.0%, and 2.0% NO respectively. The study demonstrated that nitric oxide fumigation was effective against all life stages of light brown apple moth and, therefore, has potential to be an alternative treatment to methyl bromide fumigation for postharvest control of light brown apple moth.

Clinical effect of Chinese medicine aerosol fumigation on demodex infection related meibomian gland dysfunction

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of Chinese medicine aerosol fumigation on demodex infection related meibomian gland dysfunction.Methods:In this prospective study,60 patients(120 eyes)were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups:the treatment group(30 cases,60 eyes)was treated with Chinese medicine aerosol fumigation and meibomian gland massage,the control group(30 cases,60 eyes)was treated with meibomian gland massage.Observation of Demodex count,symptom scores,break-up time(BUT),Schirmer I test(SIT),meibomian gland secretion function scores and eyelid fat traits scores were used to compare the difference between before and after treatment.Results:There was no significant difference in Demodex count,symptom scores,BUT,SIT,meibomian gland secretion function scores and eyelid fat traits scores between the 2 groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,symptom scores,meibomian gland secretion function scores and eyelid fat traits and Demodex count of the treatment group were significantly reduced(P<0.01).Conclusion:Chinese medicine aerosol fumigation can relieve symptoms of of demodex infection related meibomian gland dysfunctionand reduce the number of ocular Demodex.

Meta-analysis of the traditional Chinese medicine fumigation combined with sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis

Objective:To explore the meta-analysis of traditional Chinese medicine fumigation combined with sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.Methods: The database was originated from CNKI, Wanfang, Chongqing Weipu database, PubMed and so on. The deadline was April 2017. The database was searched with the keywords of'Chinese herbal fumigation','sodium hyaluronate' and'knee osteoarthritis'. Finally, 13 articles about the treatment of Chinese herbal fumigation combined with sodium hyaluronate were obtained. RCT literatures of knee osteoarthritis identified the outcome indicators as the effective rate and recovery rate. Lysholm's score was observed after treatment in both groups, and all the results were input into Review Manager 5.2 for analysis.Result: A total of 13 RCT literatures about the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with Chinese herbal fumigation and sodium hyaluronate were obtained. The control group was treated with sodium hyaluronate or anti-inflammatory drugs, totaling 619 cases. The study group was treated with sodium hyaluronate and Chinese herbal fumigation, totaling 649 cases. The combined effect of forest map OR=1.82, Z=5.00 (P<0.00001), 95% CI. (1.44, 2.30). Compared with sodium hyaluronate or anti-inflammatory drugs, fumigation with traditional Chinese medicine combined with sodium hyaluronate has obvious advantages in curing knee osteoarthritis. The combined effect of forest chart OR=5.55, Z=7.44 (P<0.00001), 95% CI (3.54, 8.73), indicating that compared with sodium hyaluronate or anti-inflammatory drugs, traditional Chinese medicine is used. Fumigation combined with sodium hyaluronate has obvious advantages in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis;forest map combined effect OR=12.11, Z=5.18 (P<0.00001), 95% CI (7.53, 16.68), indicating that compared with sodium hyaluronate or anti-inflammatory drugs, traditional Chinese medicine fumigation combined with sodium hyaluronate in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis can restore knee joint function. Advantages.Conclusion: Chinese herbal fumigation combined with sodium hyaluronate has obvious advantages in curing and effective rate of knee osteoarthritis, and can better restore knee joint function. Due to the lack of literature and low quality, the exact effect still needs to be confirmed by higher quality RCT literature.

Effects of fumigation and washing with Shujin Huoluo decoction combined with Duhuo Parasitic decoction on TIMP-1 and PON1 levels in KOA patients

Objective:To study the effect of fumigation and washing with Shujin Huoluo Decoction combined with Duhuo Parasitic Decoction on Metalloproteinase inhibitor-1(TIMP-1)and Oxyphosphatase 1,PON1)level.Methods:A total of 100 KOA patients,59 males and 41 females,were selected for diagnosis and treatment in our hospital from November 2018 to November 2019.The patients were divided into the control group and the combined group with 50 patients each according to a completely random method.The control group was treated with Duhuo Parasitic Decoction and the combined group was treated with Duhuo Parasitic Decoction and Shujinhuoluo decoction.Detection of TIMP-1,PON1,Matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3),C-reactive protease(CRP),Tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)and Superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels.WOMAC score,Lysholm score,and VAS score were evaluated.Results:The levels of TIMP-1 and PON1 in the combined group were higher than those in the control group after treatment,and the levels of MMP-3 were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).The WOMAC score and VAS score of the combined group were lower than those of the control group,and the Lysholm score was higher than that of control group(P<0.05).The levels of CRP and TNF-αin the combined group were lower than those in the control group,and the SOD levels were higher than those in control group(P<0.05).The total effective rate of the combined group was higher than the total effective rate of control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of fumigation and washing with Shujin Huoluo Decoction and Duhuo Parasitic Decoction has a significant effect on the treatment of KOA patients.It improves the levels of TIMP-1 and PON1,improves the knee function of patients and pain.

Clinical Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Fumigation and Washing Combined with Rehabilitation Training in the Treatment of Post-Apoplexy Shoulder-Hand Syndrome

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine fumigation and washing combined with routine rehabilitation training on post-stroke shoulder and hand syndrome(SHS).Comparing and analysing the effects of this treatment on the living ability of patients with post-stroke shoulder and hand syndrome.Methods:Fifty patients with post-stroke SHS who met the inclusion criteria were divided into observation group and control group by random number table method with 25 cases in each group.Both groups were given post-stroke secondary prophylactic drugs,while the control group was given routine rehabilitation training,20-30 minutes at a time,once a day,5 days a week,4 weeks as a course of treatment.On the basis of treatment in the control group,the observation group was combined with traditional Chinese medicine fumigation and washing,decocted with water to extract 3,000-4,000 ml juice,and added into the medicine bath bucket to soak the affected limb for 30-40 minutes,once a day,5 days a week,4 weeks as a course of treatment.The changes of upper limb edema degree,Numeric Rating Scale(NRS)score,Barthel index(MBI)and Fugl-Meyer Rating(FMA)scores before and after treatment were observed between the two groups,and the differences of clinical efficacy between the two groups were compared.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate in observation group was significantly better than that in control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the degree in upper limb edema in the two groups was significantly reduced(P<0.05),NRS score was decreased(P<0.05).Barthel index and FMA score were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the degree of upper limb edema and NRS score in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Barthel index and FMA score were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of traditional Chinese medicine fuming and washing with rehabilitation training has a better therapeutic effect on SHS,and the clinical efficacy of the former is more significant than that of single rehabilitation training.In clinical application,the former shows low cost,simple and easy operation,high acceptance by patients,and is conducive to promotion and use.

Clinical study of traditional Chinese medicine fumigation in the treatment of allergic rhinitis

Objective:To study the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine fumigation on treating allergic rhinitis.Methods:80 cases of patients with allergic rhinitis in our hospital from August 2020 to August 2021 were selected and then randomly divided into two groups.In this research,the combination of montelukast sodium tablets and cetirizine was used in the control group.Traditional Chinese medicine fumigation was given in addition to oral medication in the treatment group.Results:The total effective rate of the clinical treatment in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(p<.05).It took less time to relieve nasal itching,runny nose,nasal congestion,and sneezing in the treatment group than in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(p<.05).Besides,the symptoms were much more relieved in the treatment group than in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusions:Traditional Chinese medicine fumigation shows a remarkable clinical effect on the treatment of allergic rhinitis,and it is worthy of clinical application.

Influence of the Partial Substitution of Bitumen by a Mixture of Sulphur and Tyre and Plastic Bottle Powders on the Behaviour of Bituminous Concrete

This article deals with the influence of the partial substitution of bitumen by a mixture of sulphur and tyre and plastic bottle powders on the characterization of asphalt concrete. The approach adopted was to subject a control asphalt concrete to level 2 formulation tests as well as those modified at 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% by substituting bitumen with a mixture of tyre powder, plastic bottle powder and sulphur at 40%, 28% and 32% respectively. The results of the PCG, Duriez and rutting tests carried out on the control and modified bituminous concretes (manufactured using the wet process) revealed three (03) major findings, in particular with regard to workability, resistance to simple compression and rutting. The experimental results show an increasing trend in the essential parameters. At 40% substitution, there was a 22.73% increase in compactness, reflecting a significant improvement in the material’s workability. With regard to simple compressive strength, the increase is 34.02% at 40% substitution, highlighting the limitation of crack formation and propagation under heavy precipitation. With regard to rutting, the 16% drop in susceptibility at 40% substitution reflects a significant improvement in the behaviour of the material under dynamic mechanical stresses in heavy precipitation. The improvement in these behaviours results from the insertion of the plastic bottle powder into the interstices of the granular skeleton, thus reducing its cellular structure, and also from the interactions between the sulphur with the tyre powder and the sulphur with the plastic bottle powder, i.e. cross-linking or vulcanisation.

Pilot Study of Phosphine RECIRCULATION FUMIGATION OF PHOSPHINE in Squat Silos

Taking into account the squat silos with high grain line and large-volume storage characteristics, to ensure that the stored grain secu rity, we compared phosphine RECIRCULATION FUMIGATION OF PHOSPHINE with the conventional circulation fumigation method and compared with test data which measured by the analysis and research. Squat Silos taken positions on the circulation phosphine fumigation insecticidal methods, not only to achieve the purpose of the pesticide control, and effectively reduce the cost of fumigation, a decrease of gas in the fight against the occu pational hazards, and have achieved good results.

Clinical observation on TCM fumigation and washing for treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy by self-made water-washing footbath

消渴痹症即糖尿病周围神经病(DPN)是临床上常见的一种疾病,给患者带来极大不适,严重者影响生活,甚至会导致更严重的并发症。治疗方案若能在控制血糖的同时,及时改善双下肢症状,对提高患者生活质量、预防四肢并发症具有积极意义。现就针对自制滤水式洗脚盆用于中药熏洗在治疗消渴痹症中的具体应用做一个全面的研究与分析。本文纳入从2018年3月到2018年4月就诊于我科的DPN患者20例,分为两组,治疗组使用滤水式洗脚盆进行沐足,对照组采用常规木桶进行沐足,每组各10例。研究的结果显示采用自制滤水式熏洗脚盆中药熏洗双足较常规木桶沐足能改善消渴痹症的临床症状,为有双下肢麻木的患者提供一种可选择的外治的方法,可减轻患者痛苦,提高患者生活质量。

基于meta分析研究土壤消毒对微生物群落演替的影响

微生物是土壤生态系统的重要组成部分,熏蒸剂作为广谱杀菌杀线虫剂,对土壤微生物群落产生了显著影响。采用meta分析对目前已公开发表的数据进行整合,系统分析了土壤消毒技术对土壤细菌和真菌群落的影响。结果表明,土壤消毒对微生物群落的影响因熏蒸剂种类、用量和时间而异。研究结果可为较全面地了解土壤消毒技术对土壤微生态效应的影响提供数据支撑。

自拟中药“痹症1号”熏蒸方治疗早期轻中度类风湿关节炎患者的效果

目的观察自拟中药“痹症1号”熏蒸方联合西药治疗早期轻中度类风湿关节炎患者的临床效果。方法选取2021年1月1日至2022年12月31日大连市中心医院风湿免疫科收治的140例早期轻中度类风湿关节炎患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为熏蒸组(70例)和非熏蒸组(70例),熏蒸组采用“痹症1号”熏蒸方联合常规西药治疗,非熏蒸组采用常规西药治疗。比较两组的治疗前后临床指标如关节症状、体征、晨僵时间、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分,健康状况评定量表(HAQ)、健康调查简表(SF-36)。检测两组患者的类风湿因子(RF)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-1(IL-1)、白介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白介素-4(IL-4)、白介素-10(IL-10)、手关节超声评分、28个关节疾病活动评分(DAS 28)、简化疾病活动指数(SDAI)、临床疾病活动指数(CDAI)等指标。结果熏蒸组治疗12周的压痛关节数(TJC)、肿胀关节数(SJC)、手关节超声评分均低于非熏蒸组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。熏蒸组治疗4、12周的VAS评分、HAQ评分、DAS 28评分均低于非熏蒸组,SF-36评分均高于非熏蒸组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);熏蒸组治疗12周的SDAI、CDAI均低于非熏蒸组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。熏蒸组治疗12周的CRP低于非熏蒸组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前及治疗4、8周的RF、IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α、IL-4、IL-10组间及组内比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。熏蒸组的总有效率高于非熏蒸组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论“痹症1号”熏蒸方治疗早期轻中度类风湿关节炎临床疗效显著,具有明显的抗炎消肿及镇痛作用。