“听话”与“不听话”

“你的孩子真听话，今后一定有出息”，“那个人在单位很听话，一定会受重用”——这里所说的“听话”，就是顺从、服从，领导和他人怎么说就怎么做。“听话”的人一般给大家的印象是没有“刺”，容易驯服和驾驭，是人们眼中的“良种马”，好脾气，这样的人，人生道路就比较顺利，在事业上也应该是康庄坦途。

委婉性话语标记“说句不中听的话”探究

“说句不中听的话”是个委婉性的话语标记,在具体语句中删去它不会影响句子的真值意义。不过,使用这一话语标记能使前后语句连贯,同时使句子在表达上更具委婉性。从语用环境上看,该话语标记主要用于以下三种情况:一是用于言谈双方权势相当的对话;二是用于低权势者对高权势者的对话;三是用于言谈双方社会距离较远的对话。从语用功能上看,该话语标记有婉言批评、委婉建议、推断消极信息的人际功能。“说句不中听的话”的形式与新意义相互匹配并固化后,其委婉义能自动浮现,毋需推理。

Netflix： A New Business Model in the Distribution of Audiovisual Content

In the past two decades, the development of certain technologies, in particular Internet and mobile devices （tablet PCs, laptops, mobile telephones, etc.）, has brought about new habits of consuming audiovisual products, predominantly among the youngest consumers. A new demand has arisen that has changed the channels of cinematographic exploitation and has allowed the growth of new business initiatives, such as new business models for distributing audiovisual content. The central aim of this paper is to analyse this new business model and to identify the main characteristics of the pioneering company in this sector, Netflix.

Influence Of English Movies On College English Listening Teaching

Early in the 20th century, Lin Yutang proposed learning English by watching movies, and made a lot of reasons to do so.Contemporary college students are in contact with the flood of information and cultural exchanges have become increasingly frequent.On campus, it also surges wave of watching English movies, movies not only entertainment, but also can train and inspire students＇ interest and enthusiasm for learning English.Videos spoken dialogue is authentic, students can exercise listening, imitating wonderful dialogue to enhance their listening level, reduce hearing misunderstood.There is no doubt that English is the world＇ s most widely used language, learning English is the mission of every student.Only understand English, we can communicate with the world in English.In this paper, combined with the development status in college English listening teaching, and then explore the role of fihn in college English listening teaching.

STUDY ON TEACHING THE INTERPRETATIONS OF CONVERSATIONAL IMPLICATURE IN LISTENING COMPREHENSION

本文讨论了在大学英语听力教学中教授会话含义理解的可行性和有效性。在教学实验中,研究者通过教授基本的语言学理论特别是会话含义理论的相关知识,改革传统听力教学模式,优化课堂教学结构和互动架构。研究表明,学生在掌握相应的会话含义理论之后,经过有指导的学习实践,成功地掌握了教材中听力会话的基本结构以及会话含义的推导过程,进而实现对篇章的理解。因此,在大学英语听力教学中教授会话含义,可以促进学生听力能力的提高。

Towards human-like and transhuman perception in AI 2.0:a review

Perception is the interaction interface between an intelligent system and the real world. Without sophisticated and flexible perceptual capabilities, it is impossible to create advanced artificial intelligence （AI） systems. For the next-generation AI, called ＇AI 2.0＇, one of the most significant features will be that AI is empowered with intelligent perceptual capabilities, which can simulate human brain＇s mechanisms and are likely to surpass human brain in terms of performance. In this paper, we briefly review the state-of-the-art advances across different areas of perception, including visual perception, auditory perception, speech perception, and perceptual information processing and learning engines. On this basis, we envision several R＆D trends in intelligent perception for the forthcoming era of AI 2.0, including： （1） human-like and transhuman active vision; （2） auditory perception and computation in an actual auditory setting; （3） speech perception and computation in a natural interaction setting; （4） autonomous learning of perceptual information; （5） large-scale perceptual information processing and learning platforms; and （6） urban omnidirectional intelligent perception and reasoning engines. We believe these research directions should be highlighted in the future plans for AI 2.0.

AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE ROLE OF METADISCOURSE IN LISTENING COMPREHENSION

本研究以142名英语专业学生为对象,探讨了元语篇对听力理解的作用。全体学生分为两组,分别听同一个TEM8(Test for English Majors-Grade 8)微型学术讲座的不同版本(含元语篇和不含元语篇)并完成相同的任务和问卷调查。研究结果表明:1)两组学生听力理解率差异达显著水平;2)元语篇能辅助话题熟悉程度提高听力理解率;3)元语篇对不同语言水平学生提高听力理解率的贡献有差异;4)学生能无意识感知讲座中元语篇的有无并据此判断讲座质量的优劣。以上结果对外语教学的启示意义在于:语篇理解过程中,篇章组织的相关知识与背景知识同样重要;由于语篇理解受多个变量的影响,仅元语篇的出现并不一定总能保证好的理解效果。因此,教学中在重视对学生进行语言形式和语言意义训练的同时,更应注重对其逻辑思维以及综合素质的训练。

Audiovisual bimodal mutual compensation of Chinese

The perception of human languages is inherently a multi-modalprocess, in which audio information can be compensated by visual information to improve the recognition performance. Such a phenomenon in English, German, Spanish and so on has been researched, but in Chinese it has not been reported yet. In our experiment, 14 syllables (/ba, bi, bian, biao, bin, de, di, dian, duo, dong, gai, gan, gen, gu/), extracted from Chinese audiovisual bimodal speech database CAVSR-1.0, were pronounced by 10 subjects. The audio-only stimuli, audiovisual stimuli, and visual-only stimuli were recognized by 20 observers. The audio-only stimuli and audiovisual stimuli both were presented under 5 conditions: no noise, SNR 0 dB, -8 dB, -12 dB, and -16 dB. The experimental result is studied and the following conclusions for Chinese speech are reached. Human beings can recognize visual-only stimuli rather well. The place of articulation determines the visual distinction. In noisy environment, audio information can remarkably be compensated by visual information and as a result the recognition performance is greatly improved.