The density functional theory based hybrid-method B3LYP was used to investigate the interaction of the halogen ions with crown tetraalanylpeptide which was the coronary structures of homodetic cyclotetraalapeptide and...The density functional theory based hybrid-method B3LYP was used to investigate the interaction of the halogen ions with crown tetraalanylpeptide which was the coronary structures of homodetic cyclotetraalapeptide and was represented as the model basic. Many properties including combination energy, optimum geometry structures and population analysis were calculated. It was shown that there was scarcely any change in the coronary structure of C4-Ala after combination with X. The electrons moved from halogen ions to C4-Ala during the combining process. Combination of C4-Ala with F was obviously stronger than that of Cl^- and Br. When the energy of C4-Ala-X was at minimum, the distances between halogen ions and the center of C4-Ala were 0.084 nm, 0.210 nm and 0.200 nm, respectively.展开更多
This paper examines the extent to which community radio has the empowering and transformation potential. It draws on Nkhotakota community radio station in Malawi to analyze how community radio can empower women especi...This paper examines the extent to which community radio has the empowering and transformation potential. It draws on Nkhotakota community radio station in Malawi to analyze how community radio can empower women especially in rural areas. Although the whole of the rural population can be considered as marginalized, women are the most affected as they face marginalization in the family and village setting. Based on the data drawn from semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, document analysis, and participant observation, the paper observes that inequality and high illiteracy rate are the major hindrances among rural women which prevent them from accessing information necessary for their improvement. This paper argues that community radio has the potential to empower women in rural areas by providing them with access to information necessary to empower and transform their lives and enable them to participate in development activities.展开更多
Pedestrian's road-crossing model is the key part of micro-simulation for mixed traffic at signalized intersection.To reproduce the crossing behavior of pedestrians,the microscopic behaviors of the pedestrians pass...Pedestrian's road-crossing model is the key part of micro-simulation for mixed traffic at signalized intersection.To reproduce the crossing behavior of pedestrians,the microscopic behaviors of the pedestrians passing through the crosswalk at signalized intersection were analyzed.A pedestrian's decision making model based on gap acceptance theory was proposed.Based on the field data at three typical intersections in Beijing,China,the critical gaps and lags of pedestrians were calibrated.In addition,considering pedestrian's required space,a modification of the social force model that consists of a self-deceleration mechanism prevents a simulated pedestrian from continuously pushing over other pedestrians,making the simulation more realistic.After the simple change,the modified social force model is able to reproduce the fundamental diagram of pedestrian flows for densities less than 3.5 m-2 as reported in the literature.展开更多
In recent years,our country entered the stage of population aging, and this trend continues to increase. Young population declining dependency ratios and the elderly support ratio is growing.Many phenomena are heralds...In recent years,our country entered the stage of population aging, and this trend continues to increase. Young population declining dependency ratios and the elderly support ratio is growing.Many phenomena are heralds the retirement policy must introduce.At the same time, the adjustment of the legal retirement age for women, is also a concern hot spot and a topic of heated academia discussion in politics. As the extension of life expectancy, especially women to longer life expectancy and the education of the extension of women＇s status, ability to work has been greatly improved. Based on the change of various factors, delay retirement age for women in China＇s reform is imperative. This paper studies from the perspective of social justice, to the reform of the current situation of the development in our country and foreign experience to research the method of combining the draw delay retirement outstanding aspects of influence on female workers. From a personal health, family factors, career, personal value Suggestions such as, in order to Perfect delay enterprise female worker retirement age policy scheme and implement supporting measures.展开更多
As the source of life,water is indispensable to human beings.Being aware of the water stress imposed by population growth,climate change,rapid urbanization,pollution,many scholars and decision makers argue that the es...As the source of life,water is indispensable to human beings.Being aware of the water stress imposed by population growth,climate change,rapid urbanization,pollution,many scholars and decision makers argue that the establishment of water rights and their system is the primary measure to tackle the water crisis problem.However,no consensus has been reached regarding the definition,nature and content of water rights both practically and academically.By examining the existing theories regarding water rights,this article tries to redefine the entitlements from the aspect of civil law.Meanwhile,it provides a system which classifies various rights by the four functions of usufruct.展开更多
Demographic transitions occur at different times and speed across different economies, and age structures consequently differ across regions. Using a solvable four-phase model, we show that economies with a higher pro...Demographic transitions occur at different times and speed across different economies, and age structures consequently differ across regions. Using a solvable four-phase model, we show that economies with a higher proportion of working-age force and a lower dependency ratio tend to have higher savings rates. Because the demographic ＂ center of gravity＂for investment demand falls at a younger point in the age distribution than that of savings supply, countries with a younger age-distribution like those described above generate national savings in excess of domestic investment, resulting in a current account surplus. Numerical simulation supports this hypothesis. But the relative youth or age of a country＇s population reflects temporary demographic trends which change continuously. Therefore, while trade imbalances caused by demographic factors are structural and long-term, they are not permanent, and may be reversed by changes in age structure.展开更多
We first recall some basic facts from the theory of discrete-time Markov chains arising from two types neutral and non-neutral evolution models of population genetics with constant size. We then define and analyze a v...We first recall some basic facts from the theory of discrete-time Markov chains arising from two types neutral and non-neutral evolution models of population genetics with constant size. We then define and analyze a version of such models whose fluctuating total population size is conserved on average only. In our model, the population of interest is seen as being embedded in a frame process which is a critical Galton Watson process. In this context, we address problems such as extinction, fixation, size of the population at fixation and survival probability to a bottleneck effect of the environment.展开更多
文摘The density functional theory based hybrid-method B3LYP was used to investigate the interaction of the halogen ions with crown tetraalanylpeptide which was the coronary structures of homodetic cyclotetraalapeptide and was represented as the model basic. Many properties including combination energy, optimum geometry structures and population analysis were calculated. It was shown that there was scarcely any change in the coronary structure of C4-Ala after combination with X. The electrons moved from halogen ions to C4-Ala during the combining process. Combination of C4-Ala with F was obviously stronger than that of Cl^- and Br. When the energy of C4-Ala-X was at minimum, the distances between halogen ions and the center of C4-Ala were 0.084 nm, 0.210 nm and 0.200 nm, respectively.
文摘This paper examines the extent to which community radio has the empowering and transformation potential. It draws on Nkhotakota community radio station in Malawi to analyze how community radio can empower women especially in rural areas. Although the whole of the rural population can be considered as marginalized, women are the most affected as they face marginalization in the family and village setting. Based on the data drawn from semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, document analysis, and participant observation, the paper observes that inequality and high illiteracy rate are the major hindrances among rural women which prevent them from accessing information necessary for their improvement. This paper argues that community radio has the potential to empower women in rural areas by providing them with access to information necessary to empower and transform their lives and enable them to participate in development activities.
基金Project(70972041)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20100009110010)supported by the PhD Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of ChinaProject(2011YJS246)supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘Pedestrian's road-crossing model is the key part of micro-simulation for mixed traffic at signalized intersection.To reproduce the crossing behavior of pedestrians,the microscopic behaviors of the pedestrians passing through the crosswalk at signalized intersection were analyzed.A pedestrian's decision making model based on gap acceptance theory was proposed.Based on the field data at three typical intersections in Beijing,China,the critical gaps and lags of pedestrians were calibrated.In addition,considering pedestrian's required space,a modification of the social force model that consists of a self-deceleration mechanism prevents a simulated pedestrian from continuously pushing over other pedestrians,making the simulation more realistic.After the simple change,the modified social force model is able to reproduce the fundamental diagram of pedestrian flows for densities less than 3.5 m-2 as reported in the literature.
文摘In recent years,our country entered the stage of population aging, and this trend continues to increase. Young population declining dependency ratios and the elderly support ratio is growing.Many phenomena are heralds the retirement policy must introduce.At the same time, the adjustment of the legal retirement age for women, is also a concern hot spot and a topic of heated academia discussion in politics. As the extension of life expectancy, especially women to longer life expectancy and the education of the extension of women＇s status, ability to work has been greatly improved. Based on the change of various factors, delay retirement age for women in China＇s reform is imperative. This paper studies from the perspective of social justice, to the reform of the current situation of the development in our country and foreign experience to research the method of combining the draw delay retirement outstanding aspects of influence on female workers. From a personal health, family factors, career, personal value Suggestions such as, in order to Perfect delay enterprise female worker retirement age policy scheme and implement supporting measures.
基金supported by the Projects of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics (Grant No 2010XG026)the Innovative Talents Training Fund of Southwestern University of Finance and Economics
文摘As the source of life,water is indispensable to human beings.Being aware of the water stress imposed by population growth,climate change,rapid urbanization,pollution,many scholars and decision makers argue that the establishment of water rights and their system is the primary measure to tackle the water crisis problem.However,no consensus has been reached regarding the definition,nature and content of water rights both practically and academically.By examining the existing theories regarding water rights,this article tries to redefine the entitlements from the aspect of civil law.Meanwhile,it provides a system which classifies various rights by the four functions of usufruct.
基金This research is supported by： National Social Science Foundation ＂ Study on China＇s imbalanced foreign trade from the perspective of intra-product specialization＂ （10BJY079）.
文摘Demographic transitions occur at different times and speed across different economies, and age structures consequently differ across regions. Using a solvable four-phase model, we show that economies with a higher proportion of working-age force and a lower dependency ratio tend to have higher savings rates. Because the demographic ＂ center of gravity＂for investment demand falls at a younger point in the age distribution than that of savings supply, countries with a younger age-distribution like those described above generate national savings in excess of domestic investment, resulting in a current account surplus. Numerical simulation supports this hypothesis. But the relative youth or age of a country＇s population reflects temporary demographic trends which change continuously. Therefore, while trade imbalances caused by demographic factors are structural and long-term, they are not permanent, and may be reversed by changes in age structure.
文摘We first recall some basic facts from the theory of discrete-time Markov chains arising from two types neutral and non-neutral evolution models of population genetics with constant size. We then define and analyze a version of such models whose fluctuating total population size is conserved on average only. In our model, the population of interest is seen as being embedded in a frame process which is a critical Galton Watson process. In this context, we address problems such as extinction, fixation, size of the population at fixation and survival probability to a bottleneck effect of the environment.
