晚清传教士与进化思想之修正——以《人学》翻译为中心

辛亥革命前(1910年),传教士林乐知将李约各的The Making of a Man翻译为《人学》,以批判斯宾塞将自然进化论应用于人类社会。《人学》以基督教思想修正严复等译介的社会进化论,体现了同为美国传教士的原作者和译者对中、西不同社会现实的不同回应:林乐知改变原作的反对帝国主义强权的立场,规劝中国弃独求存,即以基督教的群取代排外的"独",而严复译介《天演论》的目的是接受"弱肉强食"理论,激励华人变弱为强。通过对李约各The Making of a Man和林乐知《人学》的对比分析,可见辛亥革命前,在西方进化思想译介东土、渐得人心之际,在华传教士以《人学》翻译修正进化思想,对斯宾塞的社会进化论给予自己的回应。

辛亥革命前传教士《人学》翻译与救国

辛亥革命前(1910年),传教士林乐知和华人助手范袆译介李约各的《The Making of a Man》,以有机论哲学和基督教思想反驳严复等译介的社会进化思想。林乐知译介的《人学》不但在译介目的上顺应救国取向,在翻译策略、增删规避等翻译处理中也无不体现救国议题。从《人学》翻译中的译者介入、救国方略的引介、对中国的影射和政体改革建议等方面,对《人学》翻译与救国的关系作了探索性研究。

仁心担道义 妙手著文章——裘老写作《人学散墨》之点滴

《人学散墨》是裘沛然先生最后一本著作，它出版一年多后，裘老就离开了我们。翻开《裘沛然选集》下册，“剑风楼诗集”有诗《寄徐子望陈卫平两兄》曰：“光飞电掣送流年，巨劫沧桑万虑牵。岂有仁风扬宇内，漫携老病卧江边。浓霜林下看红叶，污水池中放白莲。安得高贤有情者，

拯世良方——读《人学散墨》有感

复旦大学著名教授贾植芳先生在回顾一生时常爱说“写好一个‘人’字”这句话，当今医学家裘沛然集一生之思想写就的《人学散墨》序言第一句话说“是专门论述如何能做一个‘合格’的‘人’而写”，可见做人要合格并非易事。

道德的感悟——读国医大师裘沛然《人学散墨》有感

今年5月3日，是裘老离开我们周年的祭日，斯人已去，音容宛在。当我回想在“茅庐”与裘老促膝长谈，聆听他谆谆教诲，至今铭记难忘。今重读《人学散墨》颇受启迪。《人学散墨》以中国通史中的生动故事为经，以孔孟的儒学之道为纬，用其独特视角，深刻的体会，对道德作出令人折服的诠释，使我对道德生发出如下的感悟。

Optical-neural Stimulation in Non-human Primates:Modulating Brain Function and Behavior

Optical-neural stimulation,which encompasses cutting-edge techniques such as optogenetics and infrared neurostimulation,employs distinct mechanisms to modulate brain function and behavior.These advanced neuromodulation techniques offer accurate manipulation of targeted areas,even selectively modulating specific neurons,in the brain.This makes it possible to investigate the cause-and-effect connections between neural activity and behavior,allowing for a better comprehension of the intricate brain dynamics towards complex environments.Non-human primates serve as an essential animal model for investigating these complex functions in brain research,bridging the gap between the basic research and clinical applications.One of the earliest optical studies utilizing optogenetic neuromodulation in monkeys was conducted in 2009.Since then,the optical-neural stimulations have been effectively applied in non-human primates.This review summarises recent research that employed optogenetics or infrared neurostimulation techniques to regulate brain function and behavior in non-human primates.The current state of optical-neural stimulations discussed here demonstrates their efficacy in advancing the understanding of brain systems.Nevertheless,there are still challenges that need to be addressed before they can fully achieve their potential.

The enlightenment of artificial intelligence large-scale model on the research of intelligent eye diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine

Eye diagnosis is a method for inspecting systemic diseases and syndromes by observing the eyes.With the development of intelligent diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM);artificial intelligence(AI)can improve the accuracy and efficiency of eye diagnosis.However;the research on intelligent eye diagnosis still faces many challenges;including the lack of standardized and precisely labeled data;multi-modal information analysis;and artificial in-telligence models for syndrome differentiation.The widespread application of AI models in medicine provides new insights and opportunities for the research of eye diagnosis intelli-gence.This study elaborates on the three key technologies of AI models in the intelligent ap-plication of TCM eye diagnosis;and explores the implications for the research of eye diagno-sis intelligence.First;a database concerning eye diagnosis was established based on self-su-pervised learning so as to solve the issues related to the lack of standardized and precisely la-beled data.Next;the cross-modal understanding and generation of deep neural network models to address the problem of lacking multi-modal information analysis.Last;the build-ing of data-driven models for eye diagnosis to tackle the issue of the absence of syndrome dif-ferentiation models.In summary;research on intelligent eye diagnosis has great potential to be applied the surge of AI model applications.

General dynamic model for educational assembling-type robot and its fast simulation algorithm

To realize automatic modeling and dynamic simulation of the educational assembling-type robot with open structure, a general dynamic model for the educational assembling-type robot and a fast simulation algorithm are put forward. First, the educational robot system is abstracted to a multibody system and a general dynamic model of the educational robot is constructed by the Newton-Euler method. Then the dynamic model is simplified by a combination of components with fixed connections according to the structural characteristics of the educational robot. Secondly, in order to obtain a high efficiency simulation algorithm, based on the sparse matrix technique, the augmentation algorithm and the direct projective constraint stabilization algorithm are improved. Finally, a numerical example is given. The results show that the model and the fast algorithm are valid and effective. This study lays a dynamic foundation for realizing the simulation platform of the educational robot.

Prediction of mechanical properties of A357 alloy using artificial neural network

The workpieces of A357 alloy were routinely heat treated to the T6 state in order to gain an adequate mechanical property.The mechanical properties of these workpieces depend mainly on solid-solution temperature,solid-solution time,artificial aging temperature and artificial aging time.An artificial neural network（ANN） model with a back-propagation（BP） algorithm was used to predict mechanical properties of A357 alloy,and the effects of heat treatment processes on mechanical behavior of this alloy were studied.The results show that this BP model is able to predict the mechanical properties with a high accuracy.This model was used to reflect the influence of heat treatments on the mechanical properties of A357 alloy.Isograms of ultimate tensile strength and elongation were drawn in the same picture,which are very helpful to understand the relationship among aging parameters,ultimate tensile strength and elongation.

裘沛然先生学术思想鸿爪

国医大师裘沛然先生一生胸怀天下。从医学与人学、中医学发展理念、人文精神、人体的自我调节、养生之道、治病之法等方面,阐述了裘沛然先生的学术思想。

Pharmacokinetics of Oxiracetam in Healthy Volunteers

Aim To study the pharmacokinetics of oxiracetam after single and multipleintravenous administrations in healthy volunteers. Method A HPLC method was used to determine theserum concentration of oxiracetam after intravenous single dose and daily dose of 2 000 mg for 7 din ten Chinese healthy volunteers. Pharmacokinetic analysis was carried out using Drug And Statisticsoftware. Results The AUC_(0-12), AUC_(0-∞), K_e, t_(1/2), MRT after a single dose of 2 000 mgoxiracetam were 256.26 ± 16.84 μg·mL^(-1)·h, 276.74 ±18.11 μg·mL^(-1)·h, 0.18 ±0.03 h^(-1),3.84±0.64 h, and 4.39 10.39 h, and after multiple doses of oxiracetam were 259.36 ±25.43μg·mL^(-1)·h, 285.59 ±27.38 μg·mL^(-1)·h, 0.17 ±0.04 h^(-1), 4.14 ± 0.82 h, and 4.87 ±0.69 h, respectively. Conclusion The pharmacokinetic parameters of oxiracetam do not differremarkably after single and multiple intravenous administration and there is accumulation in serumafter 2 000 mg multiple intravenous administration once a day fof 7 d.

基于AUV垂直面运动控制的状态增减多模型切换

自主水下机器人(autonomous underwater vehicle,AUV)系统垂直面运动具有强耦合性、非线性等特点导致AUV系统垂直面难以精确控制,且其纵倾角需控制在某一阈值内,以保证系统安全。根据以上控制要求与AUV垂直面运动模型特点,提出将其解耦为深度控制子模型与纵倾角控制子模型,构建AUV系统垂直面运动控制模型集,根据模型集所含两子模型特点,提出了状态变量增减的多模型切换的概念。基于切换系统稳定判据——共同Lyapunov函数法,提出了变加权多模型切换策略,实现了切换过程的稳定性,避免了切换过程的抖动问题。多次湖泊试验证明,加权多模型切换策略避免了由于期望深度变化而造成的执行机构饱和、深度和纵倾角超调量过大等问题,且改善了AUV系统深度运动的静动态控制品质。

Progress and prospect of critical discourse analysis

The present paper reviews the theoretical framework and analytic methods of Critical Discourse Analysis （CDA） and then introduces the latest development of CDA from the perspectives of linguistic anthropology, cognitive linguistics and corpus linguistics. The prospect of CDA is accordingly advanced.

NUMERICAL SIMULATION ON AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WINDBLAST PROTECTION AT HIGH SPEED

The computational fluid dynamics （CFD） method is used to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of the seat/occupant with windblast protection devices. The upwind Osher scheme is used for the spatial discretisation. The detached-eddy simulation （DES） based on the Spalart-Allmaras one-equation turbulence model is ap- plied to the detached viscous flow simulation behind the seat/occupant, with Mach numbers 0.6 and 1.2 at attack angles between --10 and 30°, and at two sideslip angles of 0 and 15°, respectively. The aerodynamic characteristics of seat/occupants with and without windblast protection devices are calculated in cases of the freestream Mach numbers 0. 8 and 1.6, attack angles from 5 to 30°, and three sideslip angles of 0, --20 and --50°, respectively. Results show that simulation results agree well with experimental data. And the occupant is efficiently protected by windblast protection devices.

Two Minor Saponins from Leaves of Panax ginseng C. A.Meyer

Two minor saponins were isolated from the leaves of P. ginseng and their struc-tures were elucidated as 3β,12β, 20(S)-trihydroxyl-dammar-24(25)-ene-(20-O-α-L-arabinofurano-syl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1),and 3β,12β, 20(S)-trihydroxyl-dam-mar-24(25)-ene-(20-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-3-O-β-glucopyranoside(2),respectively The fonner corresponds to notoginsenoside-Fe which is isolated for the first time from the title plant The latter is a new natural product and named as ginsenoside-Rd2.

Stabilization of Dynamic Systems for Multiple Omni-Directional Mobile Robots

This paper deals with the stabilization of dynamic systems for two omni directional mobile robots by using the inner product of two vectors, one is from a robot's position to another's, the other is from a robot's target point to another's. The multi step control laws given can exponentially stabilize the dynamic system and make the distance between two robots be greater than or equal to the collision free safe distance. The application of it to two omni directional mobile robots is described. Simulation result shows that the proposed controller is effective.