In order to better understand the tectonic evolution of the Qaidam Basin. The authors carried out a paleomagnetic study on 39 samples of 7 sites from Hongsanhan section, northwest Qaidam Basin. Stepwise thermo-demagne...In order to better understand the tectonic evolution of the Qaidam Basin. The authors carried out a paleomagnetic study on 39 samples of 7 sites from Hongsanhan section, northwest Qaidam Basin. Stepwise thermo-demagnefizafion isolated a high-temperature component （HTC）, which passes the fold and reversal tests at 95 % confidence level. It suggests that the HTC should be primary. Unblocking temperature （about 685℃ ） and the experiment of isothermal remanence indicate that hematite is the mainly carrier of the remanence. A tilt-corrected mean direction is： Ds= 7.1°, Is= 38.5°, α95 = 7.4°. Corresponding to a palaeopole at, φ= 250. 1°E, λ= 72.0°N, A95 = 6.8°, Compared with the reference APWP of Eurasia, the sampling area occurred a non-significant rotation （3.4° ± 5.5°） relative to Eurasia since Eocene due to the affect of left-lateral Altyn fault, Based on the paleomagnetic results of early Cretaceous and Teritary within the Qaidam block, we can obtained the mean clockwise rotations from the samples deposited from 160 Ma to 45 Ma is 24.5° ± 9.0°, and from 38 Ma to present is - 0.5° ± 7.5° relative to present geomagnetism respectively. During the Mid Eocene （45 -38 Ma） rotation phase, there should existing an important early tectonic event in northern part of the present-day Tibetan Plateau, which probably represents one of large-scale strike-slip events of the Altyn strike-slip fault.展开更多
The purpose of this article is to provide the inversion relationships between the reciprocal sum S（1, 2,…, m） and the alternating sum T（1, 2,…, m） for generalized Lucas numbers which generalizes the Melham＇s re...The purpose of this article is to provide the inversion relationships between the reciprocal sum S（1, 2,…, m） and the alternating sum T（1, 2,…, m） for generalized Lucas numbers which generalizes the Melham＇s results.展开更多
AIM To identify chromosomal copy number aberrations(CNAs) in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and analyze whether they are correlated with patient prognosis.METHODS One hundred and twenty patients with early-...AIM To identify chromosomal copy number aberrations(CNAs) in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and analyze whether they are correlated with patient prognosis.METHODS One hundred and twenty patients with early-stage HCC were enrolled in our study, with the collection of formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded(FFPE) specimens and clinicopathological data. Tumor areas were marked by certified pathologists on a hematoxylin and eosinstained slide, and cancer and adjacent non-cancerous tissues underwent extraction of DNA, which was analyzed with the Affymetrix Onco Scan platform to assess CNAs and loss of heterozygosity(LOH). Ten individuals with nonmalignant disease were used as the control group. Another cohort consisting of 40 patients with stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ HCC were enrolled to analyze gene expression and to correlate findings with the Onco Scan data.RESULTS Copy number amplifications occurred at chromosomes 1 q21.1-q44 and 8 q12.3-24.3 and deletions were found at 4 q13.1-q35.2, 8 p 23.2-21.1, 16 q23.3-24.3, and 17 p13.3-12, while LOH commonly occurred at 1 p32.3, 3 p21.31, 8 p23.2-21.1, 16 q22.1-24.3, and 17 p 13.3-11 in early-stage HCC. Using Cox regression analysis, we also found that a higher percentage of genome change(≥ 60%) was an independent factor for worse prognosis in early-stage HCC(P = 0.031). Among the 875 genes in the Onco Scan Gene Chip, six were independent predictors of worse disease-free survival, of which three were amplified(MYC, ELAC2, and SYK) and three were deleted(GAK, MECOM, and WRN). Further, patients with HCC who exhibited ≥ 3 CNAs involving these six genes have worse outcomes compared to those who had < 3 CNAs(P < 0.001). Similarly, Asian patients with stage I HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas harboring CNAs with these genes were also predicted to have poorer outcomes.CONCLUSION Patients with early-stage HCC and increased genome change or CNAs involving MYC, ELAC2, SYK, GAK, MECOM, or WRN are at risk for poorer outcome after resection.展开更多
The kinematic characteristics of the Sanguankou-Niushoushan fault（SGK-NSSF） are of great significance to the understanding of the extension of the arc tectonic belt in the northeastern margin of the Tibet Plateau. U...The kinematic characteristics of the Sanguankou-Niushoushan fault（SGK-NSSF） are of great significance to the understanding of the extension of the arc tectonic belt in the northeastern margin of the Tibet Plateau. Using field surveys and various data collection methods, including large-scale geological mapping, measurement of typical topographies, and dating of sedimentary strata, it was determined that the SGK-NSSF exhibits obvious dextral strike-slip characteristics and thus is not a sinistral strike-slip fault, as believed by previous researchers. The results of this study show that the geological boundaries for the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras were all dextrally dislocated by the fault, with the faulted displacements being similar. The maximum strike-slip displacement of the fault, after elimination of topographic effects, was found to be 961±6 m. The Sanguankou fault at the northern section exhibits obvious characteristics of more recent activities, with a series of small gullies having undergone synchronized dextral writhing after traversing the fault. The average horizontal slip rate of the fault since the late Quaternary was determined to be approximately 0.35 mm/a. The pre-existing fold structures formed during the late Pliocene were dislocated by the fault and became ex situ, indicating that dextral strike-slip of the fault could not have occurred prior to the late Pliocene. The maximum displacements and average slip rates were used to estimate the onset time of the dextral strike-slip activities of the fault as being after 2.7 Ma. In this study, the understanding of previous researchers concerning the extension in the northeastern margin of the Tibet Plateau was combined with analyses of the successive relationships between fold deformations and fault activities. This led to the finding that the extension in the northeastern margin of the Tibet Plateau reached the vicinity of the SGK-NSSF during the late Pliocene（~2.7 Ma）, causing regional uplift and fold deformations of the strata there. During the early Quaternary, the northeastern compression of the Tibet Plateau and the counterclockwise rotation of the Ordos block collectively resulted in the dextral strike-slip activities of the SGK-NSSF. This then formed the foremost margin of the arc tectonic belt extension in the northeastern margin of the Tibet Plateau.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China No .40572135 and Specialized Research Fundfor the Doctoral Programof Higher Education No .20040183055 .
文摘In order to better understand the tectonic evolution of the Qaidam Basin. The authors carried out a paleomagnetic study on 39 samples of 7 sites from Hongsanhan section, northwest Qaidam Basin. Stepwise thermo-demagnefizafion isolated a high-temperature component （HTC）, which passes the fold and reversal tests at 95 % confidence level. It suggests that the HTC should be primary. Unblocking temperature （about 685℃ ） and the experiment of isothermal remanence indicate that hematite is the mainly carrier of the remanence. A tilt-corrected mean direction is： Ds= 7.1°, Is= 38.5°, α95 = 7.4°. Corresponding to a palaeopole at, φ= 250. 1°E, λ= 72.0°N, A95 = 6.8°, Compared with the reference APWP of Eurasia, the sampling area occurred a non-significant rotation （3.4° ± 5.5°） relative to Eurasia since Eocene due to the affect of left-lateral Altyn fault, Based on the paleomagnetic results of early Cretaceous and Teritary within the Qaidam block, we can obtained the mean clockwise rotations from the samples deposited from 160 Ma to 45 Ma is 24.5° ± 9.0°, and from 38 Ma to present is - 0.5° ± 7.5° relative to present geomagnetism respectively. During the Mid Eocene （45 -38 Ma） rotation phase, there should existing an important early tectonic event in northern part of the present-day Tibetan Plateau, which probably represents one of large-scale strike-slip events of the Altyn strike-slip fault.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Education Department of Henan Province(2003110009)
文摘The purpose of this article is to provide the inversion relationships between the reciprocal sum S（1, 2,…, m） and the alternating sum T（1, 2,…, m） for generalized Lucas numbers which generalizes the Melham＇s results.
基金Supported by the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan,No.CMRPG 3C0951-3 and No.CMRPG 3A0671 to Yu MC,and No.CMRPD3F0011 to Tsai CN
文摘AIM To identify chromosomal copy number aberrations(CNAs) in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and analyze whether they are correlated with patient prognosis.METHODS One hundred and twenty patients with early-stage HCC were enrolled in our study, with the collection of formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded(FFPE) specimens and clinicopathological data. Tumor areas were marked by certified pathologists on a hematoxylin and eosinstained slide, and cancer and adjacent non-cancerous tissues underwent extraction of DNA, which was analyzed with the Affymetrix Onco Scan platform to assess CNAs and loss of heterozygosity(LOH). Ten individuals with nonmalignant disease were used as the control group. Another cohort consisting of 40 patients with stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ HCC were enrolled to analyze gene expression and to correlate findings with the Onco Scan data.RESULTS Copy number amplifications occurred at chromosomes 1 q21.1-q44 and 8 q12.3-24.3 and deletions were found at 4 q13.1-q35.2, 8 p 23.2-21.1, 16 q23.3-24.3, and 17 p13.3-12, while LOH commonly occurred at 1 p32.3, 3 p21.31, 8 p23.2-21.1, 16 q22.1-24.3, and 17 p 13.3-11 in early-stage HCC. Using Cox regression analysis, we also found that a higher percentage of genome change(≥ 60%) was an independent factor for worse prognosis in early-stage HCC(P = 0.031). Among the 875 genes in the Onco Scan Gene Chip, six were independent predictors of worse disease-free survival, of which three were amplified(MYC, ELAC2, and SYK) and three were deleted(GAK, MECOM, and WRN). Further, patients with HCC who exhibited ≥ 3 CNAs involving these six genes have worse outcomes compared to those who had < 3 CNAs(P < 0.001). Similarly, Asian patients with stage I HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas harboring CNAs with these genes were also predicted to have poorer outcomes.CONCLUSION Patients with early-stage HCC and increased genome change or CNAs involving MYC, ELAC2, SYK, GAK, MECOM, or WRN are at risk for poorer outcome after resection.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds in Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration (Grant No. IGCEA1220)Special Project on Earthquake Research (Grant No. 201308012)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41202158, 41372220 & 41590861)Science for Earthquake Resilience (Grant No. XH14052)
文摘The kinematic characteristics of the Sanguankou-Niushoushan fault（SGK-NSSF） are of great significance to the understanding of the extension of the arc tectonic belt in the northeastern margin of the Tibet Plateau. Using field surveys and various data collection methods, including large-scale geological mapping, measurement of typical topographies, and dating of sedimentary strata, it was determined that the SGK-NSSF exhibits obvious dextral strike-slip characteristics and thus is not a sinistral strike-slip fault, as believed by previous researchers. The results of this study show that the geological boundaries for the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras were all dextrally dislocated by the fault, with the faulted displacements being similar. The maximum strike-slip displacement of the fault, after elimination of topographic effects, was found to be 961±6 m. The Sanguankou fault at the northern section exhibits obvious characteristics of more recent activities, with a series of small gullies having undergone synchronized dextral writhing after traversing the fault. The average horizontal slip rate of the fault since the late Quaternary was determined to be approximately 0.35 mm/a. The pre-existing fold structures formed during the late Pliocene were dislocated by the fault and became ex situ, indicating that dextral strike-slip of the fault could not have occurred prior to the late Pliocene. The maximum displacements and average slip rates were used to estimate the onset time of the dextral strike-slip activities of the fault as being after 2.7 Ma. In this study, the understanding of previous researchers concerning the extension in the northeastern margin of the Tibet Plateau was combined with analyses of the successive relationships between fold deformations and fault activities. This led to the finding that the extension in the northeastern margin of the Tibet Plateau reached the vicinity of the SGK-NSSF during the late Pliocene（~2.7 Ma）, causing regional uplift and fold deformations of the strata there. During the early Quaternary, the northeastern compression of the Tibet Plateau and the counterclockwise rotation of the Ordos block collectively resulted in the dextral strike-slip activities of the SGK-NSSF. This then formed the foremost margin of the arc tectonic belt extension in the northeastern margin of the Tibet Plateau.
