The previous methods of figuring the numbers of chemical elements is summed up in this paper. Based on that, another two creative calculative methods are introduced as well.
Odd-Even Periodic Table of Chemical Elements designed by the authors settles the position of Hydrogen and Helium, Additionally, it yields no exceptional arrangements for neither the Lanthanides, Actinide and Super Act...Odd-Even Periodic Table of Chemical Elements designed by the authors settles the position of Hydrogen and Helium, Additionally, it yields no exceptional arrangements for neither the Lanthanides, Actinide and Super Actinides nor the six empty spots and the controversy on the positions of hydrogen and helium has been settled. It plays an important role in comparing the stability of nucleons and predicting the ordinal of the terminal element.展开更多
The authors have studied the effect of a magnetic field on Baldwin＇s rules. The authors have proposed a new mechanism that takes into account the effect of the angle and energy endo- or exo-cyclization. The authors p...The authors have studied the effect of a magnetic field on Baldwin＇s rules. The authors have proposed a new mechanism that takes into account the effect of the angle and energy endo- or exo-cyclization. The authors propose to extend the rule Bouldwin not only for sp^3-, sp^2- and sp- orbits, but and for d^1 - d^10 and f^1 - f^14 elements of I-VIII of the Periodic table.展开更多
The elements in the periodic table are the building blocks used to form substances with different compositions. Nevertheless, it is the properties of substances that are decisive for their existence and practical appl...The elements in the periodic table are the building blocks used to form substances with different compositions. Nevertheless, it is the properties of substances that are decisive for their existence and practical applications. Searching for new class of materials with exotic properties has always been challenging because of the complexity of both the theoretical and the experimental approaches developed so far. Here, we propose that the three ubiquitous and paramount attributes of all existing matter charge(Q), spin(S) or rotational motion, and linear motion(K) can be used to account for the formation of different types of matter/materials and their properties that have been or will be known to us. The three attributes or original codes can produce six primary codes which can further produce another sixty codes. The physical meanings represented by each code are unlocked. The table consisting of the 60 codes is introduced as the table of properties of codes of matter. We demonstrate that these codes can be used as building blocks to form new properties and new materials. Many new types of quasiparticles and new classes of materials with exotic properties of Q, S and K are predicted. Their possible experimental realizations are proposed. The possible applications of the codes of matter in other fields such as elementary particles, photonics and chemistry are briefly discussed. We know that there should be more new materials and new electronic, spin and photonic states to be discovered, but we do not know what they are. The codes of matter clearly reveal to us how many and what they are and how easily we can recognize what they are. Experimental and theoretical exploration for new forms of matter, new quasiparticles, or new electronic and spin states, or new states of photon or properties of light, as well as macroscopic entities with exotic properties represented by the codes of matter, is imminent.展开更多
The Mendeleev periodic table of atoms is one of the most important principles in natural science. However, there is shortage of analog for molecules. Here we propose two periodic tables, one for diatomic molecules and...The Mendeleev periodic table of atoms is one of the most important principles in natural science. However, there is shortage of analog for molecules. Here we propose two periodic tables, one for diatomic molecules and one for triatomic molecules. The form of the molecular periodic tables is analogous to that of Mendeleev periodic table of atoms. In the table, molecules are classified and arranged by their group number G, which is the number of valence electrons, and the periodic number P, which represents the size of the molecules. The basic molecular properties, including bond length, binding energy, force constant, ionization potential, spin multiplicity, chemical reactivity, and bond angle, change periodically within the tables. The periodicities of diatomic and triatomic molecules are thus revealed. We also demonstrate that the periodicity originates from the shell-like electronic configurations of the molecules. The periodic tables not only contain free molecules, but also the "virtual" molecules present in polyatomic molecules. The periodic tables can be used to classify molecules, to predict unknown molecular properties, to understand the role of virtual molecules in polyatomic molecules, and to initiate new research fields, such as the periodicities of aromatic species, clusters, or nanoparticles. The tables should be of interest not only to scientists in a variety of disciplines, but also to undergraduates studying natural sciences.展开更多
基金This work is supported by the National Science Foundation of China （No. 20471001 and 20671001）, the Important Project of Anhui Provincial Education Department （No. ZD2007004-1）, the Specific Project for Talents of Science and Technology of Universities of Anhui Province （No. 2005hbz03） and the Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Polymer Materials of Anhui Province.
文摘The previous methods of figuring the numbers of chemical elements is summed up in this paper. Based on that, another two creative calculative methods are introduced as well.
文摘Odd-Even Periodic Table of Chemical Elements designed by the authors settles the position of Hydrogen and Helium, Additionally, it yields no exceptional arrangements for neither the Lanthanides, Actinide and Super Actinides nor the six empty spots and the controversy on the positions of hydrogen and helium has been settled. It plays an important role in comparing the stability of nucleons and predicting the ordinal of the terminal element.
文摘The authors have studied the effect of a magnetic field on Baldwin＇s rules. The authors have proposed a new mechanism that takes into account the effect of the angle and energy endo- or exo-cyclization. The authors propose to extend the rule Bouldwin not only for sp^3-, sp^2- and sp- orbits, but and for d^1 - d^10 and f^1 - f^14 elements of I-VIII of the Periodic table.
基金supported by the Australian Research Council Future Fellowship(Professorial)Program(FT130100778)
文摘The elements in the periodic table are the building blocks used to form substances with different compositions. Nevertheless, it is the properties of substances that are decisive for their existence and practical applications. Searching for new class of materials with exotic properties has always been challenging because of the complexity of both the theoretical and the experimental approaches developed so far. Here, we propose that the three ubiquitous and paramount attributes of all existing matter charge(Q), spin(S) or rotational motion, and linear motion(K) can be used to account for the formation of different types of matter/materials and their properties that have been or will be known to us. The three attributes or original codes can produce six primary codes which can further produce another sixty codes. The physical meanings represented by each code are unlocked. The table consisting of the 60 codes is introduced as the table of properties of codes of matter. We demonstrate that these codes can be used as building blocks to form new properties and new materials. Many new types of quasiparticles and new classes of materials with exotic properties of Q, S and K are predicted. Their possible experimental realizations are proposed. The possible applications of the codes of matter in other fields such as elementary particles, photonics and chemistry are briefly discussed. We know that there should be more new materials and new electronic, spin and photonic states to be discovered, but we do not know what they are. The codes of matter clearly reveal to us how many and what they are and how easily we can recognize what they are. Experimental and theoretical exploration for new forms of matter, new quasiparticles, or new electronic and spin states, or new states of photon or properties of light, as well as macroscopic entities with exotic properties represented by the codes of matter, is imminent.
文摘The Mendeleev periodic table of atoms is one of the most important principles in natural science. However, there is shortage of analog for molecules. Here we propose two periodic tables, one for diatomic molecules and one for triatomic molecules. The form of the molecular periodic tables is analogous to that of Mendeleev periodic table of atoms. In the table, molecules are classified and arranged by their group number G, which is the number of valence electrons, and the periodic number P, which represents the size of the molecules. The basic molecular properties, including bond length, binding energy, force constant, ionization potential, spin multiplicity, chemical reactivity, and bond angle, change periodically within the tables. The periodicities of diatomic and triatomic molecules are thus revealed. We also demonstrate that the periodicity originates from the shell-like electronic configurations of the molecules. The periodic tables not only contain free molecules, but also the "virtual" molecules present in polyatomic molecules. The periodic tables can be used to classify molecules, to predict unknown molecular properties, to understand the role of virtual molecules in polyatomic molecules, and to initiate new research fields, such as the periodicities of aromatic species, clusters, or nanoparticles. The tables should be of interest not only to scientists in a variety of disciplines, but also to undergraduates studying natural sciences.
