Informal Ties Among Conscripts in a Given Military Unit

In any military environment, certain cohesive forces are required for a smooth functioning, regarding accomplishment of the given mission. One of the most prominent issues from the point of view of good motivation and high morale is equity, which should definitely be imposed by leaders and taken for granted by the rank-and-file members. All military people in a certain military unit invariably keep comparing themselves with fellow soldiers： What do they contribute and what reward do they receive, in return？ Is the balance fair or unfair？ In reality, disturbances in equity may occur in various forms. Some are tolerable due to the specific character of the environment in question. But beyond a certain limit, they are disruptive of a peaceful atmosphere. The most effective cohesive force, which in turn is strongly affected and in a sense utterly determined by the satisfaction of the need for a just and fair ambiance, is the concept of comradeship. Indeed, it gets further intensified in combat circumstances. It is also this very feeling which is always pleasantly recalled even long years after the service is finished.

The research on the thermal destruction of environment and controlling techniques of the No.4 outcrops fire in Haibaoqing

The coal fire is one of very serious disasters in natural, not only amount of coal resources was burned and some ecological environment problems such as ground subsidence, acid rain, pollution and vegetation died were caused serious. The No.4 coal seam outcrops fire in Haibaoqing was take as research object, based on the existing theory of mechanism and characteristics of coal outcrop fires, a new fire-fighting composite gel is applicated which fits in with extinguishment of outcrop coal fires well. The technology has many advantages in extinguishing coal fires including isolating the coal from oxygen and lowering the temperature of the high-temperature coal and rock. The structure and chemical composition as well as fires-fighting properties of the composite gel is analyzed profoundly, as a result, reduce and stop the environment destruction caused by the coal fire.

Application of orthogonal experimental design and Tikhonov regularization method for the identification of parameters in the casting solidification process

The inverse heat conduction method is one of methods to identify the casting simulation parameters. A new inverse method was presented according to the Tikhonov regularization theory. One appropriate regularized functional was established, and the functional was solved by the sensitivity coefficient and Newtonaphson iteration method. Moreover, the orthogonal experimental design was used to estimate the appropriate initial value and variation domain of each variable to decrease the number of iteration and improve the identification accuracy and efficiency. It illustrated a detailed case of AlSiTMg sand mold casting and the temperature measurement experiment was done. The physical properties of sand mold and the interracial heat transfer coefficient were identified at the meantime. The results indicated that the new regularization method was efficient in overcoming the ill-posedness of the inverse heat conduction problem and improving the stability and accuracy of the solutions.

Safety and coping strategy for high dam under complex natural conditions

In respect to current situation and new challenges for high dam construction in China, safety problems are an- alyzed for high dam construction under complex natural conditions such as high elevation, cold area, high seismic inten- sity, large-seale landslide and high dam and huge reservoirs with dam types such as concrete surface rock-fill, asphalt concrete core, roller compacted concrete （RCC） arch dam and so on. From several aspects, including risk response measures for high dam, strengthening safety awareness for high dam design and construction, improving high dam con- struetion technique, intelligent dam safety management system based on IT, developing dam rehabilitation and mainte- nance technologies, useful dam safety and coping strategy is proposed.

Contemporary Marxism and the Global Concept of the Universe

Having been developed in the way of concept extension, Marxism appears to be nowadays as the concrete-universal theory, in which originally imperfect transition program from abstract-universal to concrete-universal concepts of logic and sense is realized on materialistic foundation. This very program that was brought about in Karl Marx＇s ＂Capital＂ has not been sufficiently expressed in classical or contemporary philosophy. The base of this new Marxist philosophical form is not constructed by the terms of matter, movement, and development overall, but by the conception of the general naturally determined universal process of infinite movement from lower to superior forms of matter. We are aware of four of them： physical, chemical, biological, and social matter. Representing the eternal world as the progressive whole, modern materialism makes nature and proper place of each fundamental science understandable and helps to clarify the location and development future trends of the Man in the world.

浅谈舒伯特的声乐套曲《美丽的磨坊姑娘》兼析《疑问》

本文较详细解析了舒伯特创作的第一部声乐套曲《美丽的磨坊姑娘》,并从艺术歌曲创作的角度探讨了诗歌与音乐的密切关系。

Customary Management System of Irrigation Ponds in Japana Case Study in a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) Site of Noto Island,Ishikawa Prefecture

Recent research has showed increasing interest at the vital role of irrigation ponds that plays at biodiversity conservation,and provides ecological functions at a wide range.However,many irrigation ponds were abolished due to the economic and societal transformation in the rural.In particular,small-scale ponds were abolished and rebuilt to other public uses based on the consensus building process among the community.At the same time,civil organizations also launched initiatives to conserve irrigation ponds for its ecological significance or landscape scenery.However,study pertinent to the small scale ponds in the rural setting is largely neglected.This research aims at revealing the current situation of the utilization and management of small irrigation ponds using a case study of Noto Island in Ishikawa Prefecture.It was found that irrigation ponds are still under the traditional co-management of rural community.The most important finding in this study is that the traditional management of pond water use largely contributes to mitigate the harvest loss from natural disasters such as drought in the face of extreme climate.However,irrigation ponds are facing the threat of degradation due to the sharp decrease of farm population and the existing large number of part time farmers.Therefore,the small scale irrigation ponds and pertinent management and water use allotment should be revalued for its functions at a wide range from the biological and ecological functions and human knowledge system to mitigate disaster threats.

A note on semidefinite programming relaxations for polynomial optimization over a single sphere

We study two instances of polynomial optimization problem over a single sphere. The first problem is to compute the best rank-1 tensor approximation. We show the equivalence between two recent semidefinite relaxations methods. The other one arises from Bose-Einstein condensates(BEC), whose objective function is a summation of a probably nonconvex quadratic function and a quartic term. These two polynomial optimization problems are closely connected since the BEC problem can be viewed as a structured fourth-order best rank-1 tensor approximation. We show that the BEC problem is NP-hard and propose a semidefinite relaxation with both deterministic and randomized rounding procedures. Explicit approximation ratios for these rounding procedures are presented. The performance of these semidefinite relaxations are illustrated on a few preliminary numerical experiments.

Condensed form of complementarity formulation for discontinuous deformation analysis

While the classical discontinuous deformation analysis(DDA) is applied to the analysis of a given block system, one must preset stiffness parameters for artificial springs to be fixed during the open-close iteration. To a great degree, success or failure in applying DDA to a practical problem is dependent on the spring stiffness parameters, which is believed to be the biggest obstacle to more extensive applications of DDA. In order to evade the introduction of the artificial springs, this study reformulates DDA as a mixed linear complementarity problem(MLCP) in the primal form. Then, from the fact that the block displacement vector of each block can be expressed in terms of the contact forces acting on the block, the condensed form of MLCP is derived, which is more efficient than the primal form. Some typical examples including those designed by the DDA inventor are reanalyzed, proving that the procedure is feasible.