The society has become aware of the rate at which our environment is being destroyed. Different schools thought to aim at savaging the environmental problems which have emerged. While some blame this environmental mes...The society has become aware of the rate at which our environment is being destroyed. Different schools thought to aim at savaging the environmental problems which have emerged. While some blame this environmental mess on Social Darwinism, others blame it on Biblical Creationists. On the other side of the ecological debate is the New Age Movement （pantheism）, which to some extent are evolutionist and opposed to the Creator God, though they worship and serve nature （Rom 1：25）. The New-Agers believe that it was as a result of the ＂dominion mandate＂ God gave to humanity that has led to human destruction of the ecology. Some Christians have been indifferent towards nature; because they oppose the New-Agers, they do not want to have anything to do with their views about controlling the environmental problem. Christians are being called upon either to compromise with Darwinian evolution or pantheism （New-Age）. The main concern of this study is to find the meanings of kabash and radah as used in Gen 1：26-28. It also aims at ascertaining the kind of dominion God gave to humanity. Did God grant to man a totalitarian despotic dominion over nature？ Or was the dominion given to man in the form of stewardship？ These are the concerns of this paper.展开更多
This paper aims at assessing the evolutionist and creationist conceptions of Brazilian teachers. The work is developed within the framework of the European project BIOHEAD-CITIZEN （biology, health and environmental e...This paper aims at assessing the evolutionist and creationist conceptions of Brazilian teachers. The work is developed within the framework of the European project BIOHEAD-CITIZEN （biology, health and environmental education for better citizenship）, which takes into account that scientific knowledge and teachers＇ attitudes and values can influence the teaching practices. The large questionnaire BIOHEAD-CITIZEN, which was constructed to be applied in 19 countries in Europe, Africa and Middle East countries, was applied, in this study, to six groups of Brazilian teachers： primary school teachers, biology teachers and Portuguese language teachers and corresponding teachers-to-be. For this paper the answers to questions about evolution were used as dependent variables. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were carried out. Biology teachers and biology teachers-to-be gave more importance to the natural selection and the evolution process than the other groups of teachers. Comparing to the BIOHEAD-CITIZEN countries, the total Brazilian sample showed a higher percentage of creationist conceptions, particularly the Brazilian biology teachers and teachers-to-be. As discussed herein, this may not be an obstacle for teaching evolution as they accept both creationist and evolutionist concomitantly.展开更多
The problem of human language, arithmetic, and art was studied in the context of the definition ＂civilization＂ on the basis of Darwin＇s theory. The author defines civilization as ＂survival of the weak＂. The autho...The problem of human language, arithmetic, and art was studied in the context of the definition ＂civilization＂ on the basis of Darwin＇s theory. The author defines civilization as ＂survival of the weak＂. The author supposes that language and art were invented by the men to describe their heroic deeds for the women in order to be selected by them for reproduction. In other words, language and art became a selection criterions together with beauty and presents. Finally, the author defines language and art.展开更多
Based on Martin Buber＇s theory of ＂Ontology of Between＂, the present paper tries to analyze the unfathomable themes in Wise Blood and argues that the world of Wise Blood （1968） is a highly commercialized society ...Based on Martin Buber＇s theory of ＂Ontology of Between＂, the present paper tries to analyze the unfathomable themes in Wise Blood and argues that the world of Wise Blood （1968） is a highly commercialized society filled with spiritual blindness, moral degeneration, and social corruption. In keeping with O＇Conner＇s artistic creations, the more disgusting the It-world in Wise Blood is represented to the readers, the more palpable her implication becomes that such a world needs the necessary and urgent spiritual redemption.展开更多
Visual artists in the island provinces of the Philippines often find themselves navigating through adversities in the production and dissemination of their creative work. With the visual-arts praxis being exclusively ...Visual artists in the island provinces of the Philippines often find themselves navigating through adversities in the production and dissemination of their creative work. With the visual-arts praxis being exclusively cited in the nation’s capital city, the majority of artists spread over an archipelago of seven thousand islands fall under the notion of struggling, but persevering creator. This paper aims to describe and evaluate the art ecology of Cebu City, the art-related conditions of artists and their tenacity. The methodology used for case-creation： semi-structured interviews, in-depth interviews, and observation. The main finding of the study is that contemporary visual artists in the island province of Cebu, Philippines perceive the struggles from the production to the consumption of art as customary to their milieus. The study plots the current visual-arts ecology model of the locale and proposes future innovations for the development of the sector’s value chain. From the context of a developing country, the study also expands the discussion between creating art for art’s sake and art as a market commodity through the intermediate position of artists.展开更多
New writing systems for several of China’s minority languages were developed and implemented during a unique period in Chinese history.Throughout the different stages of modern Chinese history,these writing systems h...New writing systems for several of China’s minority languages were developed and implemented during a unique period in Chinese history.Throughout the different stages of modern Chinese history,these writing systems have had various societal functions and uses,including the improvement of education and literacy for China’s ethnic minorities.In the new era,the societal functions of these newly created systems have been weakened by the large-scale influence from both outside and within minority environment.Nevertheless,the newly created writing systems have undeniable value and significance,and they continue to serve positive functions that cannot be fulfilled by other writing systems.展开更多
文摘The society has become aware of the rate at which our environment is being destroyed. Different schools thought to aim at savaging the environmental problems which have emerged. While some blame this environmental mess on Social Darwinism, others blame it on Biblical Creationists. On the other side of the ecological debate is the New Age Movement （pantheism）, which to some extent are evolutionist and opposed to the Creator God, though they worship and serve nature （Rom 1：25）. The New-Agers believe that it was as a result of the ＂dominion mandate＂ God gave to humanity that has led to human destruction of the ecology. Some Christians have been indifferent towards nature; because they oppose the New-Agers, they do not want to have anything to do with their views about controlling the environmental problem. Christians are being called upon either to compromise with Darwinian evolution or pantheism （New-Age）. The main concern of this study is to find the meanings of kabash and radah as used in Gen 1：26-28. It also aims at ascertaining the kind of dominion God gave to humanity. Did God grant to man a totalitarian despotic dominion over nature？ Or was the dominion given to man in the form of stewardship？ These are the concerns of this paper.
文摘This paper aims at assessing the evolutionist and creationist conceptions of Brazilian teachers. The work is developed within the framework of the European project BIOHEAD-CITIZEN （biology, health and environmental education for better citizenship）, which takes into account that scientific knowledge and teachers＇ attitudes and values can influence the teaching practices. The large questionnaire BIOHEAD-CITIZEN, which was constructed to be applied in 19 countries in Europe, Africa and Middle East countries, was applied, in this study, to six groups of Brazilian teachers： primary school teachers, biology teachers and Portuguese language teachers and corresponding teachers-to-be. For this paper the answers to questions about evolution were used as dependent variables. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were carried out. Biology teachers and biology teachers-to-be gave more importance to the natural selection and the evolution process than the other groups of teachers. Comparing to the BIOHEAD-CITIZEN countries, the total Brazilian sample showed a higher percentage of creationist conceptions, particularly the Brazilian biology teachers and teachers-to-be. As discussed herein, this may not be an obstacle for teaching evolution as they accept both creationist and evolutionist concomitantly.
文摘The problem of human language, arithmetic, and art was studied in the context of the definition ＂civilization＂ on the basis of Darwin＇s theory. The author defines civilization as ＂survival of the weak＂. The author supposes that language and art were invented by the men to describe their heroic deeds for the women in order to be selected by them for reproduction. In other words, language and art became a selection criterions together with beauty and presents. Finally, the author defines language and art.
文摘Based on Martin Buber＇s theory of ＂Ontology of Between＂, the present paper tries to analyze the unfathomable themes in Wise Blood and argues that the world of Wise Blood （1968） is a highly commercialized society filled with spiritual blindness, moral degeneration, and social corruption. In keeping with O＇Conner＇s artistic creations, the more disgusting the It-world in Wise Blood is represented to the readers, the more palpable her implication becomes that such a world needs the necessary and urgent spiritual redemption.
文摘Visual artists in the island provinces of the Philippines often find themselves navigating through adversities in the production and dissemination of their creative work. With the visual-arts praxis being exclusively cited in the nation’s capital city, the majority of artists spread over an archipelago of seven thousand islands fall under the notion of struggling, but persevering creator. This paper aims to describe and evaluate the art ecology of Cebu City, the art-related conditions of artists and their tenacity. The methodology used for case-creation： semi-structured interviews, in-depth interviews, and observation. The main finding of the study is that contemporary visual artists in the island province of Cebu, Philippines perceive the struggles from the production to the consumption of art as customary to their milieus. The study plots the current visual-arts ecology model of the locale and proposes future innovations for the development of the sector’s value chain. From the context of a developing country, the study also expands the discussion between creating art for art’s sake and art as a market commodity through the intermediate position of artists.
文摘New writing systems for several of China’s minority languages were developed and implemented during a unique period in Chinese history.Throughout the different stages of modern Chinese history,these writing systems have had various societal functions and uses,including the improvement of education and literacy for China’s ethnic minorities.In the new era,the societal functions of these newly created systems have been weakened by the large-scale influence from both outside and within minority environment.Nevertheless,the newly created writing systems have undeniable value and significance,and they continue to serve positive functions that cannot be fulfilled by other writing systems.
