从暴力书写看《南北极》的文学冒险

穆时英在其小说集《南北极》中对暴力细腻而浓烈的书写,以及其中呈现出来的同"普罗文学"大异其趣的施暴/受暴模式在当时即引起了左翼文学批评界的不安,而穆时英对其创作的"自述"则强调了他特殊的文学旨趣。《南北极》并非自觉地对"普罗文学"的皈依,它是穆时英的一次文学冒险。包括《南北极》在内的现代文学中的暴力书写产生的缘由及其本身的审美追求,还没有引起学界足够的关注和深入的阐释。

穆时英早期小说新论

新感觉派代表作家穆时英的成名作小说集《南北极》被誉为"普罗小说中之白眉",其贫富矛盾对立的主题模式和大众化的口语形式曾被看作是对普罗文学创作主张的成功实践。但是,不难看出,在贫富矛盾对立的主题模式下,作品强调抒写的是底层民众的生存意志和人性异化主题,独特的叙事形式和纯熟的大众化口语则只是作者对形式技巧一以贯之的试验和创新追求。由于缺乏普罗阶级的观念形态,《南北极》系列小说并不是真正意义上的普罗小说。

挣扎不尽的双重人格——新感觉派的现代品质解读

对新感觉派作品中双重人格进行研究 ,并探讨其双重人格主题的思想渊源 。

穆时英文坛地位的确立

在穆时英研究中,其文坛地位何时确立、以何确立,多泛泛之论,向无定说。本文从其第一部小说集《南北极》初版本、改订本的流通,及其后现代书局对出版《公墓》集的用心,此前此后大众传媒视野中的"穆时英"符码化等方面对此问题重新探究,并将其文坛地位的确立,与现代中国都市文学另一先驱刘呐鸥加以比较,指出:至迟自1933年起,穆时英已被以上海为中心的新文学界广泛接受,且在上海之外产生影响,标志着其文坛地位已经确立;在这一确立、接受过程中,除了穆时英强烈、新颖的个人风格,更不乏读者的自主选择、出版商的有意打造及大众传媒的推波助澜等来自不同主体的不同的文化生产实践,它们交相辉映、互为表里,在穆时英文学这里形成了交集。

Teleconnection between Winter Arctic Oscillation and Southeast Asian Summer Monsoon in the Pre-Industry Simulation of a Coupled Climate Model

A 600-year pre-industrial simulation with Bergen Climate Model(BCM)Version 2 is used to investigate the linkage between winter Arctic Oscillation(AO)and the Southeast Asian summer monsoon(SEASM)on the inter-decadal timescale.The results indicate an in-phase relationship between the AO and SEASM with periods of approximately 16–32 and 60–80 years.During the positive phase of winter AO,an anomalous surface anti-cyclonic atmosphere circulation appears over North Pacific in winter.The corresponding anomalies in ocean circulation and surface heat flux,particularly the latent and sensible heat flux,resemble a negative Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO)-like sea surface temperature(SST)pattern.The AO-associated PDO-like winter SST can persist into summer and can therefore lead to inter-decadal variability of summer monsoon rainfall in East and Southeast Asia.

Changes in polar amplification in response to increasing warming in CMIP6

The climate in polar regions has experienced an obvious warming amplification due to global warming.In this study,the changes in polar amplification are analyzed in response to feedback mechanisms(including Planck,lapse rate,cloud,water vapor,albedo feedback,CO_(2) radiative forcing,ocean heat uptake,and atmospheric heat transport)under three warming scenarios in CMIP6—namely,SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,and SSP5-8.5.The results show that,by quantifying the warming contribution of different feedback mechanisms to surface air temperature with the“radiative kernel”method,Arctic amplification(AA)is stronger than Antarctic amplification(ANA),mostly resulting from the lapse rate feedback,followed by the albedo and Planck feedbacks.Furthermore,ocean heat uptake causes stronger polar warming in winter than in summer.During winter,the lapse rate feedback causes a larger AA than ANA.The intermodel spread for both AA and ANA decrease with increasing strength of global warming from SSP1-2.6 to SSP5-8.5,and the dominant mechanisms are the Planck,lapse rate,albedo,and ocean heat uptake feedbacks.These findings help to enhance our understanding of polar regions’responses to different strengths of global warming.

《南北极的100个不可思议》

《彩图科技百科全书》，《南北极的100个不可思议》，《轮回》

A dipole wind curl pattern induced by Taiwan Island and its effect on upper stratification in the northeastern South China Sea

Using hydrographic data sampled during four successive late summer-early autumn cruises in 2004-2007, vertical stratification along transects in the lee of Taiwan Island was analyzed to investigate upper ocean responses to orographically induced dipole wind stress curl (WSC). Results indicate that mixed-layer depth (MLD) and its relationship with thermocline depth varied under different local wind forcings. Average MLD along the transects from the 2004 to 2007 cruises were 18.5,30.7,39.2 and 24.5m, respectively. The MLD along the transects deepened remarkably and resulted in thermocline ventilation in 2005 and 2006, whereas ventilation did not occur in 2004 and 2007. Estimates indicate that frictional wind speed was the major factor in MLD variations. To a large degree, the combined effects of frictional wind speed and Ekman pumping are responsible for the spatial pattern of MLD during the cruises.

Preliminary Study on Seismic Anisotropy in the Crust in the Northeast of Hainan

With SAM shear-wave splitting analysis,shear-wave splitting parameters at two stations of the digital seismic network in the northeast of Hainan are obtained based on the data from the Hainan Digital Seismic Network from 2000 to 2013. The results show that the predominant polarization direction of fast share-wave represents the direction of in-situ maximum principal compressive stress. The predominant polarizations of Qixingling( QXL) seismic station are in the NEE direction,which is different from the direction of principal compressive stress of the Hainan area,but same as the strikes of faults in the NE direction,which means that the local tectonics and stress fields are complicated. The predominant polarization of Qingshanling( QSL) seismic station is in the NNE-NS direction,which indicates the tectonic significance of the strikes of NNE-trending faults.At the same time,the study confirms that the predominant polarizations of the stations located on active faults or at the junctions of several active faults are parallel to the strikes of faults which control the earthquakes used in this analysis, and the predominant polarizations are scattered,which indicates the complicated background of fault structures and stress distribution.

Effect of opening the Drake Passage on the oceanic general circulation:A box model study

The impacts of opening the Drake Passage(DP) on the oceanic general circulation are examined.When the DP is open,wind stress at mid-and high latitudes gives rise to a wind-driven gyre,which induces a meridional heat exchange between mid-and high latitudes in the Southern Ocean.After the opening of the DP,the Antarctic Circumpolar Current(ACC) forms and its associated strong temperature front blocks the heat transport from mid-latitudes to high latitudes.A simple box model is formulated,in which the effects of the wind stress(for the case of DP closed) and the thermal front(for the case of DP open) on the variability of Antarctic Bottom Water(AABW) and North Atlantic Deep Water(NADW) are explored.The sensitivity experiments demonstrate that:(1) When the DP is closed,the enhancement of the wind-driven gyre leads to the decline of AABW formation in the Southern Ocean and the increase of NADW formation in the North Atlantic.As a result,water in high latitudes of the Southern Ocean becomes warmer,so does the bottom water of global ocean.(2) When the DP is open,there is no formation of AABW until the intensity of thermal front along ACC exceeds a threshold value(it is 4.03℃ in our model).Before the formation of AABW,temperature in most of the oceans is higher than that after the formation of AABW,which usually leads to the cooling of high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere and the bottom water in global ocean.When the strength of the thermal front is lower than the critical value,there is no AABW formation,and temperature in most of the oceans is slightly higher.These results demonstrate that during the opening of the DP,changes in wind stress and the formation of the thermal front in the Southern Ocean can substantially affect the formation of AABW and NADW,thus changing the state of meridional overturning circulation in the global ocean.