《参考框架》视野下教材《HSK标准教程4》文化原则探究

文化性原则是对外汉语教材编写的基本原则之一,教材应该做到正确并较为全面地反映目的语的文化,并且能够利用文化促进语言教学。新一代国际中文教育教材中文化项目的选取必须顺应时代发展,凸显国家责任与中国特色。本文将以《国际中文教育用中国文化和国情教学参考框架》为指南,通过量化统计和举例对教材《HSK标准教程4》中文化原则体现的特点和不足进行分析,并提出相关建议,希望能给对外汉语教材的编写提供一些帮助。

面向国际中文教育的中医文化教学体系构想

中文和中医同属于中国文化,也存在显著的专业差异。在国际中文教育的背景下考察中医文化教学,既需要遵循国际中文教育的一般规律,还应考虑中医学的专业属性。国际中文教学中的中医文化具有不同的主题类别和呈现方式。依据《国际中文教育用中国文化和国情教学参考框架》,同时参照非物质文化遗产的类别划分,从中医的专业性和文化的层级性两个向度,对中医文化的知识内容与元素作出合适的定位,并且提出中医文化教学体系的构想。

Foresights, Expectations and Implications of China＇s Foreign Language Proficiency Scaling and Rating Framework

Referring to the well established foreign language proficiency evaluation scale frameworks such as the CEFR （Common European Framework of Reference for Languages） in Europe and ILR （The Interagency Language Roundtable） scale in the United States, Chinese language education authority is dedicating great efforts to the contruction of the Chinese targeted and tailored national proficiency evaluation system. This initiative will tremendously subvert the traditional language learning and testing mechanism, bring phenomenal transformations and innovations to the future language learning and teaching approaches and methodologies, and meanwhile impose great influence on the language concerning administration and profession.

Apocalypse and Body Transgression： On Picasso’s Crucifixion （1930）

The article deals with the question of the possibility of a new interpretation of Picasso’s picture entitled Crucifixion, which was created in the context of the art paradigm shift in the 1930s when the master focused his attention to the return to painting as a reference framework of myth and religion. But this return was only a turning point towards a modern understanding of the world and art from other sources. It should be noted that the problem of pictorial turn nowadays has a strong impact on the postmodern theology, which encompasses various cultural traditions, and also quite opposite philosophical attitudes. The article shows, thus, the inner relationship and connection between painting art and the search for transgression in the language that was the idea of Bataille. In the first part of this article, author tries to show the consequences of Bataille’s thinking of transgression; the second part has attempted to articulate the problems of interpretation of Picasso’s canvas Crucifixion; and concluding remarks is an attempt to review the emphasis on relationship with pictorial turn and transformations in the notion of contemporary art concerning the body as a sovereign event of the freedom and sacrifice.

Recommendations for construction of a nonlinear international Terrestrial Reference Frame

The problems of ITRF2008,the latest International Terrestrial Reference Frame,are pointed out and analyzed as follows:(1) ITRF is not a mm-level Terrestrial Reference Frame;(2) the origin of ITRF is neither the Earth's center of mass (CM) nor the center of figure (CF);(3) the scale of ITRF is not a uniform system in the sense of the gravitational theory of relativity.These problems result from the linear hypothesis used in the establishment and maintenance of ITRF,which includes the linear hypothesis of the coordinates definition of the ITRF reference stations,and the seven coordinate transformation parameters (three translation parameters,three rotation parameters,and one scale parameter) when the ITRF combine solution is constructed.The linear hypothesis of the ITRF construction leads to the current terrestrial reference frame only at the cm-level,which cannot satisfy the requirements of monitoring mm-level crust movements as well as the global environment.This article points out that the construction of a mm-level Terrestrial Reference Frame is actually a leap from linear to nonlinear.Therefore,according to the main characteristics of nonlinear changes of the crust's deformation,the geocenter motion and the overall height fluctuation of the Earth,the new ITRF station coordinates definition and the new observation equations of combined solutions are constructed for the realization of a mm-level nonlinear ITRF,which can solve the problems of the current ITRF.

Experimental verification of genuine multipartite entanglement without shared reference frames

Quantum entanglement is an essential resource for quantum information processing, either for quantum communication or for quantum computation. The multi- partite case of entanglement, especially the so called gen- uine multipartite entanglement, has significant importance for multipartite quantum information protocols. Thus, it is a natural requirement to experimentally verify multipartite quantum entanglement when performing many quantum int^rmation tasks. However, this is often technically chal- lenging due to the difficulty of building a shared reference lYame among all involved parties, especially when these parties are distant l^om each other. In this paper, we experimentally verify the genuine tripartite entanglement of a three-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state without shared reference frames. A high probability 0.79 of successfully verifying the genuine tripartite entanglement is achieved when no reference frame is shared. In the case of sharing only one common axis, an even higher success probability of 0.91 is achieved.

MHD EYRING-PRANDTL FLUID FLOW WITH CONVECTIVE BOUNDARY CONDITIONS IN SMALL INTESTINES

In this paper, we have discussed the food movement in stomach with thermal bound- ary conditions. Eyring-Prandtl fluid model is considered. Formulation of the considered phenomena have been developed for both fixed and moving frame of references. Regular perturbation is used to find the solution of stream function, temperature profile and pressure gradient. Analysis has been carried out for velocity, ＂stream function, temper- ature, pressure gradient and heat transfer＂. Appearance of pressure gradient is quite complicated so to get the expression for pressure rise we have used numerical integra- tion. It is perceived that the velocity close to the channel walls is not same in outlook of the Eyrin^Prandtl fluid parameter taken as fl and Hartman number M. The velocity decreases by increasing β and M.