Literature continues to generate controversies as to what it is and what it is for. That is one of the reasons for the proliferation of ＂literary theories.＂ The notion is here placed between quotation marks because ...Literature continues to generate controversies as to what it is and what it is for. That is one of the reasons for the proliferation of ＂literary theories.＂ The notion is here placed between quotation marks because it does not mean the same thing to all the scholars in the field. Some regard it in the same way that theory functions in the sciences, where it focuses on the object it is associated with. For example, the atomic theory of matter is concerned with the internal constitution or the characterizing properties of matter. Others, however, are looking beyond the object towards the reader and the extra-textual environment. The approaches to literary studies which look beyond the individual work to outside phenomena are many and increasing all the time as new issues and concerns arrive on the social scene. Issues of climate change are fairly topical now; and criticism is already responding with such ideas as eco-criticism. The question of the identity of the literary object has to be kept in the front burner, so that it is not swamped by the many different interests which attach to literature from time to time. Bringing attention back to the literary work is the central concern of this paper; and we are doing this by way of the metaphors of perception often used with respect to the literary work as these suggest that the work is something to focus on, rather than to see through to something else. Finally, I elaborate the concept of integrity as an appurtenance of the literary text that attracts and holds the gaze.展开更多
J. D. Salinger is an alienated writer, who alienates himself from the dominant society. He is unsocial in character and unconventional in behavior. His reclusion can be regarded as the behavioral presentation of his a...J. D. Salinger is an alienated writer, who alienates himself from the dominant society. He is unsocial in character and unconventional in behavior. His reclusion can be regarded as the behavioral presentation of his alienation. Salinger also portrays many alienated characters in his The catcher in the rye and Nine stories. These alienated characters include children, adolescents and adults. They alienate themselves from dominant social culture, groups and even themselves. According to the analysis of these alienated protagonists from autobiographical and historical perspectives, the root of their alienation lies in the conflict between their searching for the ideal love and the absence of such love in the dominant society. So comparing with enjoying substantial life, Salinger＇s works can arouse people＇s interest and give more concern to their spiritual life.展开更多
Edgar Allan Poe is one of the greatest writers in American literary history. He was a short-story writer, fathering the detective story and starting the psychoanalytical tradition. He was also a poet, advocating short...Edgar Allan Poe is one of the greatest writers in American literary history. He was a short-story writer, fathering the detective story and starting the psychoanalytical tradition. He was also a poet, advocating short poems with regular and delicate rhyming schemes. He was, at the same time, a literary theorist, writing about the principles of composition. This paper is to analyze the theme and musical quality of Poe＇s poems, focusing on the techniques Poe had employed in his poems to help enhance his major themes of death and beauty. According to Poe, the most appropriate tone for all poems is melancholy. In Poe＇s life, there was a personal connection with ＂the death of a beautiful woman＂, which is acknowledged in his thesis The philosophy of composition. The impetus for composing of poems undoubtedly arose from Poe＇s loss of his mother and of other women he had loved. The beauty of music exerts great influence on Poe＇s aesthetic perception. He paid more than enough attention to the musical qualities of poetry. He defined poetry as ＂the rhythmical creation of beauty＂. Poe advocated the idea of the poet as a craftsman, interested in polishing and refining language. He stressed the use of language as a medium of convey pure musical and rhythmical beauty. Poe＇s reputation for musical verses is due to his choice of sounds and treatment of rimes and meter.展开更多
Eveline is one of the stories in Dubliners by James Joyce, a story about moral paralysis and a quest for vitality in vain. This paper attempts to analyze the protagonist of the story, Eveline＇s awakening of woman con...Eveline is one of the stories in Dubliners by James Joyce, a story about moral paralysis and a quest for vitality in vain. This paper attempts to analyze the protagonist of the story, Eveline＇s awakening of woman consciousness and make a tentative probe into the factors that lead to her final subservience to the patriarchal society.展开更多
＂More than a book, it＇s an experience--startling, viscerally satisfying, and as joyous as a happy love affair--Cosmopolitan＂ （Doctorow, 19751）. E.L. Doctorow＇s masterpiece Ragtime has intrigued quite a great dea...＂More than a book, it＇s an experience--startling, viscerally satisfying, and as joyous as a happy love affair--Cosmopolitan＂ （Doctorow, 19751）. E.L. Doctorow＇s masterpiece Ragtime has intrigued quite a great deal of critics＇ attention worldwide. However, ironically, hardly any attention was paid to the sex and lovemaking scenes in Ragtime which have been overshadowed by Doctorow＇s splendid and original post-modernist approaches. The author wants to take up this challenge and commit herself to the appearance and role of sex and lovemaking scenes in Ragtime and more importantly, the deeper meanings behind them. Hopefully, this paper will give new perspectives to the understanding of this novel.展开更多
In today＇s emotional economy era, the emotional demand determines the core value, therefore the product design should pay more attention to the emotional deduction, and satisfy people＇s emotional needs. This paper, ...In today＇s emotional economy era, the emotional demand determines the core value, therefore the product design should pay more attention to the emotional deduction, and satisfy people＇s emotional needs. This paper, based on the basis of the discussion about emotional design, tries to put forward the method of emotional deduction, to provide reference for the product design strength.展开更多
Knights appeared and flourished in the Middle Ages. Some scholars call the Middle Ages the ages of knights. Knights were cavalrymen in heavy armors and played a decisive role in the battlefield in the Middle Ages. The...Knights appeared and flourished in the Middle Ages. Some scholars call the Middle Ages the ages of knights. Knights were cavalrymen in heavy armors and played a decisive role in the battlefield in the Middle Ages. They were also an important social class and strictly abided by the code of chivalry, which had a far reaching impact on the social culture and attitudes towards women of the Western Europe even after the decline of the knighthood.展开更多
The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the processual aspect of literary works of art deserves much more attention than it normally receives by readers, critics, and theorists. The most important reason fo...The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the processual aspect of literary works of art deserves much more attention than it normally receives by readers, critics, and theorists. The most important reason for this is seen in the fact that texts since the advent of print culture have been disseminated and passed on in written form and that in the medium of writing the processual character of language is only insufficiently taken care of by a cultural convention of arranging and approaching the presented signs in an particular sequence. Whereas in an oral culture the dynamic processuality of a speech or recitation was directly experienced by the listeners, the spatial arrangement of signs in writing enables and even entices readers and critics to read this or that part of a written text in a sequence of their own making. What remains out of focus is that in doing so they miss the particular semantic profile and aesthetic character of the work as created by the author--a procedure particularly hurtful in the case of literary works of art. There is hope, however, that this will somewhat change by our moving towards a performance culture展开更多
Recently, the researchers put their attention on the literature works on Virginia Woolf or James Joyce too heavily just because the skill of stream of consciousness is used through the novel completely. Choosing this ...Recently, the researchers put their attention on the literature works on Virginia Woolf or James Joyce too heavily just because the skill of stream of consciousness is used through the novel completely. Choosing this novel by Japanese writer as an example is an experiment, because the stream of consciousness as a composing method has melted its impression into the modem novel. And in the researcher＇s opinion, regardless the traditional part, the researching focus should be shifted on the works written by nowadays writer. To begin this paper, there are four questions should be solved： First, the definition of stream of consciousness should be known clearly; another question is the structure analysis of structure of Hear the Wind Sing; secondly, compared with the mental space theory and blending theory by Fauconnier, how to judge the function of Three Phases of memory＇s direction on reading should be focused on; thirdly, the reason why readers meet the problem of barrier when they read the stream of consciousness novel, and how the memory helps to solve the problem should be study in this section. Fourth, the extra factors which support the function of memory will enhance the skill of reading the SOC novel and finally foreground the meaning.展开更多
文摘Literature continues to generate controversies as to what it is and what it is for. That is one of the reasons for the proliferation of ＂literary theories.＂ The notion is here placed between quotation marks because it does not mean the same thing to all the scholars in the field. Some regard it in the same way that theory functions in the sciences, where it focuses on the object it is associated with. For example, the atomic theory of matter is concerned with the internal constitution or the characterizing properties of matter. Others, however, are looking beyond the object towards the reader and the extra-textual environment. The approaches to literary studies which look beyond the individual work to outside phenomena are many and increasing all the time as new issues and concerns arrive on the social scene. Issues of climate change are fairly topical now; and criticism is already responding with such ideas as eco-criticism. The question of the identity of the literary object has to be kept in the front burner, so that it is not swamped by the many different interests which attach to literature from time to time. Bringing attention back to the literary work is the central concern of this paper; and we are doing this by way of the metaphors of perception often used with respect to the literary work as these suggest that the work is something to focus on, rather than to see through to something else. Finally, I elaborate the concept of integrity as an appurtenance of the literary text that attracts and holds the gaze.
文摘J. D. Salinger is an alienated writer, who alienates himself from the dominant society. He is unsocial in character and unconventional in behavior. His reclusion can be regarded as the behavioral presentation of his alienation. Salinger also portrays many alienated characters in his The catcher in the rye and Nine stories. These alienated characters include children, adolescents and adults. They alienate themselves from dominant social culture, groups and even themselves. According to the analysis of these alienated protagonists from autobiographical and historical perspectives, the root of their alienation lies in the conflict between their searching for the ideal love and the absence of such love in the dominant society. So comparing with enjoying substantial life, Salinger＇s works can arouse people＇s interest and give more concern to their spiritual life.
文摘Edgar Allan Poe is one of the greatest writers in American literary history. He was a short-story writer, fathering the detective story and starting the psychoanalytical tradition. He was also a poet, advocating short poems with regular and delicate rhyming schemes. He was, at the same time, a literary theorist, writing about the principles of composition. This paper is to analyze the theme and musical quality of Poe＇s poems, focusing on the techniques Poe had employed in his poems to help enhance his major themes of death and beauty. According to Poe, the most appropriate tone for all poems is melancholy. In Poe＇s life, there was a personal connection with ＂the death of a beautiful woman＂, which is acknowledged in his thesis The philosophy of composition. The impetus for composing of poems undoubtedly arose from Poe＇s loss of his mother and of other women he had loved. The beauty of music exerts great influence on Poe＇s aesthetic perception. He paid more than enough attention to the musical qualities of poetry. He defined poetry as ＂the rhythmical creation of beauty＂. Poe advocated the idea of the poet as a craftsman, interested in polishing and refining language. He stressed the use of language as a medium of convey pure musical and rhythmical beauty. Poe＇s reputation for musical verses is due to his choice of sounds and treatment of rimes and meter.
文摘Eveline is one of the stories in Dubliners by James Joyce, a story about moral paralysis and a quest for vitality in vain. This paper attempts to analyze the protagonist of the story, Eveline＇s awakening of woman consciousness and make a tentative probe into the factors that lead to her final subservience to the patriarchal society.
文摘＂More than a book, it＇s an experience--startling, viscerally satisfying, and as joyous as a happy love affair--Cosmopolitan＂ （Doctorow, 19751）. E.L. Doctorow＇s masterpiece Ragtime has intrigued quite a great deal of critics＇ attention worldwide. However, ironically, hardly any attention was paid to the sex and lovemaking scenes in Ragtime which have been overshadowed by Doctorow＇s splendid and original post-modernist approaches. The author wants to take up this challenge and commit herself to the appearance and role of sex and lovemaking scenes in Ragtime and more importantly, the deeper meanings behind them. Hopefully, this paper will give new perspectives to the understanding of this novel.
文摘In today＇s emotional economy era, the emotional demand determines the core value, therefore the product design should pay more attention to the emotional deduction, and satisfy people＇s emotional needs. This paper, based on the basis of the discussion about emotional design, tries to put forward the method of emotional deduction, to provide reference for the product design strength.
文摘Knights appeared and flourished in the Middle Ages. Some scholars call the Middle Ages the ages of knights. Knights were cavalrymen in heavy armors and played a decisive role in the battlefield in the Middle Ages. They were also an important social class and strictly abided by the code of chivalry, which had a far reaching impact on the social culture and attitudes towards women of the Western Europe even after the decline of the knighthood.
文摘The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the processual aspect of literary works of art deserves much more attention than it normally receives by readers, critics, and theorists. The most important reason for this is seen in the fact that texts since the advent of print culture have been disseminated and passed on in written form and that in the medium of writing the processual character of language is only insufficiently taken care of by a cultural convention of arranging and approaching the presented signs in an particular sequence. Whereas in an oral culture the dynamic processuality of a speech or recitation was directly experienced by the listeners, the spatial arrangement of signs in writing enables and even entices readers and critics to read this or that part of a written text in a sequence of their own making. What remains out of focus is that in doing so they miss the particular semantic profile and aesthetic character of the work as created by the author--a procedure particularly hurtful in the case of literary works of art. There is hope, however, that this will somewhat change by our moving towards a performance culture
文摘Recently, the researchers put their attention on the literature works on Virginia Woolf or James Joyce too heavily just because the skill of stream of consciousness is used through the novel completely. Choosing this novel by Japanese writer as an example is an experiment, because the stream of consciousness as a composing method has melted its impression into the modem novel. And in the researcher＇s opinion, regardless the traditional part, the researching focus should be shifted on the works written by nowadays writer. To begin this paper, there are four questions should be solved： First, the definition of stream of consciousness should be known clearly; another question is the structure analysis of structure of Hear the Wind Sing; secondly, compared with the mental space theory and blending theory by Fauconnier, how to judge the function of Three Phases of memory＇s direction on reading should be focused on; thirdly, the reason why readers meet the problem of barrier when they read the stream of consciousness novel, and how the memory helps to solve the problem should be study in this section. Fourth, the extra factors which support the function of memory will enhance the skill of reading the SOC novel and finally foreground the meaning.
