Objective To evaluate the feasibility of pulse transit time (PTT) arousals as an index of sleep fragmentation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods Individuals referred for evalua...Objective To evaluate the feasibility of pulse transit time (PTT) arousals as an index of sleep fragmentation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods Individuals referred for evaluation of possible OSAHS underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG). Three conventional indices of sleep fragmentation [electroencephalography (EEG) arousals, apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI)], PTT arousals, and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) were compared. Results PTT arousals were positively correlated with EEG arousals (r= 0.746, P<0.001), AHI (r= 0.786, P<0.001), and ODI (r= 0.665, P<0.001), respectively. But, both PTT arousals and EEG arousals had no correlation with ESS (r= 0.432, P=0.201; r= 0.196, P=0.591, respectively). Conclusion PTT arousals are correlated well with other standard measures estimating severity of OSAHS and potentially a non-invasive marker with which to measure the sleep fragmentation in patients with OSAHS.展开更多
叶莲娜·拉夫莉榭娃和弗拉季米尔·马咖维耶茨基(Elena Lavrischeva and Vladimir Makovetsky)两位是俄罗斯当代玻璃雕刻艺术家伉俪,一起致力于玻璃技术的大胆探索及对艺术精神的独特呈现,在继承俄罗斯玻璃艺术传统的同时,开启...叶莲娜·拉夫莉榭娃和弗拉季米尔·马咖维耶茨基(Elena Lavrischeva and Vladimir Makovetsky)两位是俄罗斯当代玻璃雕刻艺术家伉俪,一起致力于玻璃技术的大胆探索及对艺术精神的独特呈现,在继承俄罗斯玻璃艺术传统的同时,开启了自身的创造性艺术之路。本文通过对艺术家代表性作品如《唤醒》(Awakening)等的解读与分析,对作品文学性主题的联系与把握,揭示了艺术家超越玻璃物性的诗性追求。展开更多
This paper describes an action research project undertaken to look into the effectiveness of tasks designed to raise learners' awareness of different writing modes in terms of coherence between English and Chinese...This paper describes an action research project undertaken to look into the effectiveness of tasks designed to raise learners' awareness of different writing modes in terms of coherence between English and Chinese.The goal was to test whether tasks and direct instructions aimed at promoting learner awareness of coherence differences and coherence devices at the discourse level had any impact on the students' writing performance.Results and feedbacks from the participants in the experiment shows that it was a success because the students were better helped to organize the compositions on the English discourse patterns and compose smoother English writings.The paper ends with suggestions to implement conscious-raising instructions among Chinese colleges.展开更多
文摘Objective To evaluate the feasibility of pulse transit time (PTT) arousals as an index of sleep fragmentation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods Individuals referred for evaluation of possible OSAHS underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG). Three conventional indices of sleep fragmentation [electroencephalography (EEG) arousals, apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI)], PTT arousals, and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) were compared. Results PTT arousals were positively correlated with EEG arousals (r= 0.746, P<0.001), AHI (r= 0.786, P<0.001), and ODI (r= 0.665, P<0.001), respectively. But, both PTT arousals and EEG arousals had no correlation with ESS (r= 0.432, P=0.201; r= 0.196, P=0.591, respectively). Conclusion PTT arousals are correlated well with other standard measures estimating severity of OSAHS and potentially a non-invasive marker with which to measure the sleep fragmentation in patients with OSAHS.
文摘叶莲娜·拉夫莉榭娃和弗拉季米尔·马咖维耶茨基(Elena Lavrischeva and Vladimir Makovetsky)两位是俄罗斯当代玻璃雕刻艺术家伉俪,一起致力于玻璃技术的大胆探索及对艺术精神的独特呈现,在继承俄罗斯玻璃艺术传统的同时,开启了自身的创造性艺术之路。本文通过对艺术家代表性作品如《唤醒》(Awakening)等的解读与分析,对作品文学性主题的联系与把握,揭示了艺术家超越玻璃物性的诗性追求。
基金This study is sponsored by Jiangsu University s"the Human Social Science Research Fund-Youth Project",jdr2006046
文摘This paper describes an action research project undertaken to look into the effectiveness of tasks designed to raise learners' awareness of different writing modes in terms of coherence between English and Chinese.The goal was to test whether tasks and direct instructions aimed at promoting learner awareness of coherence differences and coherence devices at the discourse level had any impact on the students' writing performance.Results and feedbacks from the participants in the experiment shows that it was a success because the students were better helped to organize the compositions on the English discourse patterns and compose smoother English writings.The paper ends with suggestions to implement conscious-raising instructions among Chinese colleges.
