乾隆朝新平“梅花十老”雅集与多族士民共同体

《盘龙寺探梅花十老倡和图记》(简称《图记》)为福建举人陈昆于乾隆三十四年(1769)新平知县任上所作,“梅花十老”是由陈昆、李联元、孙绍宗、陈延、陈子周、陈诏来、杨钦、舒品高、陈白珩、苏子书组成的士人群体。《图记》记载了雅集盛况并由画工绘制了《十老图》,该图现已失传。《图记》所言“志聚赏之情”、图绘“汉、夷人等偕老之意”,背后实为宣扬教化覃敷和盛世荣耀,寓意着新平多族士民共同体构建与“天下一家”的理念实践。结合新平彼时历史情境,“志聚赏之情”与乾隆时期基本结束了明末清初以来以新平为中心的滇南地方社会的“野贼”滋扰不断的无序局面有密切关系。“改土归流”背景下边疆民族地区儒家文化的提倡和推进,也为多民族士绅群体的成长提供了契机,使他们能够和地方官吏同台互动,共享升平之世。

对阮逸、胡瑗音律学成就的再评价

文章在戴念祖、徐飞二人研究的基础上,对阮逸、胡瑗二人的律学成就进行了重新评价:阮逸、胡瑗二人只是对部分律管进行了管口校正,达到的结果只能是使管律和弦律进一步近似,而不是基本或完全符合。

Fine Mapping of AST Gene in Arabidopsis

The ast ( anthocyanin spotted testa) mutant, which was induced by carbon ion radiation, was a single recessive gene mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. with spotted pigment in seed coats, and involved in the anthocyanin biosynthesis. To clone the AST gene by map-based cloning strategy, a series of molecular markers were designed according to the SNPs (single nucleotide polymophisms) and insertion/deletion polymophisms in the Arabidopsis database. With these molecular markers, the fine-structure mapping of the AST gene was finished, the AST locus was located in BAC clone T13M11. It was suggested that the AST candidate gene was T13M11. 8 in the T13M11 This gene was 1432 bp long with 6 exons and 5 introns. The putative protein of T13M11. 8 gene was similar to dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), which was an important enzyme in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway.

Genetic Analysis and Linkage Mapping in a Resource Pig Population Using Microsatellite Markers

The use of markers and linkage map construction are important for QTL mapping in pigs. In this article, the genetic characteristics were studied and the linkage map was constructed in a pig resource population including 214 individuals by typing 39 microsatellite marker loci on Sus scrofa chromosomes, SSC4, SSC6, SSC7, SSC8, and SSC13. Results indicated that the average allele number, the average observed beterozygosity （Ho）, and the average polymorphism information content （PIC） in F1 and F2 population were 3.2, 0.528, 0.463 and 3.2, 0.496, 0.447, respectively. In the pig resource population, the average informative meiosis （IM） was 217.4 （44-316）, and the average linkage map length between the two sexes on the five chromosomes were 172.3 cM （SSC4）, 168.7 cM （SSC6）, 191.7 cM （SSC7）, 197.3 cM （SSC8）, and 178.3 cM （SSC13）. The orders of microsatellite marker loci in the linkage maps were identical to, but the length was greater than, those of USDA-MARC reference map. The results of this research showed the genetic relationship and genetic characteristics of the microsatellite markers in the pig resource family population, and the linkage map could be used to for QTL mapping in the subsequent study.

Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) Affecting Yield and Fiber Properties in Chromosome 16 in Cotton Using Substitution Line

Gossypium hirsutum L. and G. barbadense L. are the two cultivated tetraploid species of cotton. The first is characterized by a high yield and wide adaptation, and the second by its super fiber property. Substitution line in which a pair of intact chromosomes of TM_1 ( G. hirsutum ) were replaced by a pair of homozygous chromosomes of 3_79 ( G. barbadense ) is an excellent material for genetic research and molecular tagging. In this study, substitution line 16 (Sub 16) was used to evaluate the performance of the 16th chromosome in G. barbadense in TM_1 background. The genetic analysis using the major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model in F 2∶3 family revealed that there might exist 2 QTLs respectively for boll size, lint percentage, lint index, fiber length and the first fruit branch node, 1 QTL for fiber elongation and flowering date, and no QTL for seed index, fiber strength and Micronaire in chromosome 16. However, 9 QTLs (LOD (logarithm of odds)≥3.0) controlling 6 quantitative traits were significantly identified in linkage group of chromosome 16 constructed in (TM_1×3_79) F 2by interval mapping. Among them, 1 QTL for boll size, fiber length, flowering date and fiber elongation could explain 15.2%, 19.7%, 12.1%, and 11.7% phenotypic variance respectively, 2 QTLs for lint index could explain 11.6% and 41.9%, and 3 QTLs for lint percentage could explain 8.7%, 9.6% and 29.2% phenotypic variance respectively. One unlinked SSR marker was associated with one QTL respectively for boll size and flowering date and they could explain 1.60% and 4.63% phenotypic variance. The traits associated significantly with chromosome 16 from Sub 16 were boll weight, lint percentage, lint index, fiber length, fiber elongation and flowering days.

Indication of Genetic Linkage Map for Sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.) by SSR Markers

In order to investigate the possibility and efficiency of exogenous gene spread in nature and potential ecological risk of transgenic rice, as well as analyze the effect of exogenous Bt gene insertion on ecological fitness of transgenic rice plants, a experiment was carried out with three insect-resistant Bt transgenic rice cultivars Bt63, R1 and R2 and one conventional rice line 11-838 as experimental materials, the insect-resistant transgenic and non-transgenic rice plants were inter- cropped pair-wisely under high and low insect-infestation pressures, and the vegeta- tive growth, seed-setting and the resistance to rice stem borers were compared be- tween transgenic and non-transgenic lines. According to the experimental results, both the tiller number and fresh weight of Bt transgenic rice plants under low insect- infestation pressure showed no significant differences compared with the control, but the plant height, spike length and spike weight were all lower than those of non- transgenic rice plant, and Bt63 and R2 were significantly different compared with the control. On the contrary, under high insect-infestation pressure, the tiller number, spike length and spike weight of three Bt transgenic rice cultivars were significantly higher than those of the control, while the plant height showed different fitness ef- fects among various transgenic rice cultivars, which might be related to the charac- teristics of the receptive cultivars. The individual filled grain number and 1 000-grain weight of three transgenic rice cultivars showed no significant difference compared with the control under two different insect-infestation pressures, suggesting that the effect of exogenous Bt gene on seed setting was not significant. Under insect-infes- tation pressure, the resistance of three Bt transgenic rice cultivars against rice stem borer was significantly superior to non-transgenic rice, indicating that the effect of exogenous Bt gene on insect resistance of receptive plants was distinctly. Further- more, experimental results showed that the fitness cost of Bt transgenic rice was rel- atively low, which implied that exogenous Bt gene in insect-resistant transgenic rice might escape under certain environmental conditions, but this risk was very low.

Genetic Diversity Analysis and Fingerprint Construction of Major Mango Cultivars in China

[Objective] The genetic diversity of major mango cultivars in China was analyzed by using SSR markers, and their fingerprints were constructed so as to provide theoretical basis for germplasm innovation and breeding of mango. [Method] With 115 pairs of SSR primers, genetic diversity analysis and cluster analysis were performed for 30 mango cultivars, among which the genetic relationships were analyzed. [Result] Total 64 pairs of polymorphic primers were screened out from the 115 pairs of primers, and total 343 bands were amplified from the 30 cultivars with 73.2% of polymorphic bands. On average, 3.9 allelic loci were detected for each pair of primers with genetic diversity index of 0.5, Shannon＇s diversity index of 1.00 and polymorphism information content of 0.49, indicating higher genetic diversity. The cluster analysis showed that the 30 major cultivars could be classified into four categories. The first category included 14 cultivars; the second category included 11 cultivars, most of which were introduced from abroad; the third category included 4 cultivars, Le., Miansan, Parayinda, Baiyu and Hongxiangya： the fourth category included only one cultivar Maqiesu.By using 7 pairs of SSR markers, i.e., M42, M49, M54, M55, M96, M99 and M103, digital fingerprints were constructed for the 30 mango cultivars. [Conclusion] The 30 mango cultivars present more complex genomic genetics and abundant genetic information, and they have higher genetic diversity.

QTL Mapping for Weight Traits on Chromosome 3 in Liangshan Semi-fine Wool Sheep

By using Windows QTL Cartographer v2.5 software, QTLs for five weight traits of Liangshan semi-fine wool sheep were detected based on nine microsatellite markers on chromosome 3. According to the results, ① in reference family 191, the QTL affecting weaning weight was detected at 110.01 cM with an additive effect of 6.860, explaining 29.3% of the phenotypic variance; ② in reference family 190, the QTL affecting weaning daily gain was detected at 227.41 cM with an additive effect of 0.013, explaining 1.7% of the phenotypic variance; ③there was no QTL affect- ing birth weight, 1.5-year weight and 2.5-year weight of Liangshan semi-fine wool sheep.

潮州方志之发展与创新

中国地方志,源远流长,演至唐宋元明,体例渐趋完备,自后历代承先而创新有之。潮州为中国一定之区域,故其《志》亦随风而有所发展,惟因世变时移及战乱所扰而佚而毁没,所传世至今者不多,致世多不知潮州方志究有多少?最古者如何?笔者乃试就残存文献予以初步探索,终得隋《潮州记》至民国《潮州志》共二十八种之发展史辙,并略试探其发展与创新之略焉。

Genetic linkage map of Brassica campestris L.using AFLP and RAPD markers

A genetic linkage map comprised of 131 loci was constructed with an F 2 population derived from an inter subspecific cross between Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis cv. 'aijiaohuang' and ssp. rapifera cv. 'qisihai'. The genetic map included 93 RAPD loci, 36 AFLP loci and 2 morphological loci organized into 10 main linkage groups (LGs) and 2 small groups, covering 1810.9cM with average distance between adjacent markers being approximately 13.8cM. The map is suitable for identification of molecular markers linked to important agronomic traits, QTL analysis, and even for marker assisted selection in breeding programs of Chinese cabbage and turnip.

Study on EEG power and coherence in patients with mild cognitive impairment during working memory task

To investigate the features of electroencephalography （EEG） power and coherence at rest and during a working memory task of patients with mild cognitive impairment （MCI）. Thirty-five patients （17 males, 18 females; 52-71 years old） and 34 sex- and age-matched controls （17 males, 17 females; 51-63 years old） were recruited in the present study. Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE） of 35 patients with MCI and 34 normal controls revealed that the scores of MCI patients did not differ significantly from those of normal controls （P〉0.05）. Then, EEGs at rest and during working memory task with three levels of working memory load were recorded. The EEG power was computed over 10 channels： fight and left frontal （F3, F4）, central （C3, C4）, parietal （P3, P4）, temporal （T5, T6） and occipital （O1, O2）; inter-hemispheric coherences were computed from five electrode pairs of F3-F4, C3-C4, P3-P4, T5-T6 and O1-O2 for delta （1.0-3.5 Hz）, theta （4.0-7.5 Hz）, alpha-1 （8.0-10.0 Hz）, alpha-2 （10.5-13.0 Hz）, beta-1 （13.5-18.0 Hz） and beta-2 （18.5-30.0 Hz） frequency bands. All values of the EEG power of MCI patients were found to be higher than those of normal controls at rest and during working memory tasks. Furthermore, the values of EEG power in the theta, alpha-1, alpha-2 and beta-1 bands of patients with MCI were significantly high （P〈0.05） in comparison with those of normal controls. Correlation analysis indicated a significant negative correlation between the EEG powers and MMSE scores. In addition, during working memory tasks, the EEG coherences in all bands were significantly higher in the MCI group in comparison with those in the control group （P〈0.05）. However, there was no significant difference in EEG coherences between two groups at rest. These findings comprise evidence that MCI patients have higher EEG power at rest, and higher EEG power and coherence during working conditions. It suggests that MCI may be associated with compensatory processes at rest and during working memory tasks. Moreover, failure of normal cortical connections may be exist in MCI patients.

Quality Evaluation Model for Map Labeling

This paper discusses and sums up the basic criterions of guaranteeing the labeling quality and abstracts the four basic factors including the conflict for a label with a label, overlay for label with the features, position’s priority and the association for a label with its feature. By establishing the scoring system, a formalized four-factors quality evaluation model is constructed. Last, this paper introduces the experimental result of the quality evaluation model applied to the automatic map labeling system-MapLabel.

A Target-Orientated Marker Image Binarization Method for Orthopaedic Surgical Navigation System

Camera calibration is the key technique in a C-arm based orthopaedic surgical navigation system. The extraction of marker location information is a necessary step in the calibration process. Ideal marker images should possess uniform background and contain marker shadow only, but in fact marker images always possess nonuniform background and are contaminated by noise and unwanted anatomic information, making the extraction very difficult. A target-orientated marker shadow extraction method was proposed. With this method a proper threshold for marker image binarization can be determined.

Molecular Identification and Cultivar Fingerprints of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch Germplasms

[Objective] The aim was to study the molecular identification and cultivar fingerprints of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch germplasms.[Method] Sixty peach genotypes,representing China common local cultivars and European samples were screened by microsatellites (simple sequence repeats,SSRs) and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers.[Result] 26 reproducible bands were amplified by Nine SSR primers,and 24 of which were polymorphic; 236 bands were amplified by 30 ISSR primers,and 113 of which were polymorphic.31 genotypes were discriminated with 1-3 distinct polymorphic bands generated from the primers ISSR and SSR.Seven cultivar-specific ISSR fragments and two SSR unique alleles obtained from this study were available to be converted into Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) markers.The genetic similarity coefficient (GS) estimated from these molecular data averaged were 0.939 (ranged from 0.856 to 0.983) for ISSR and 0.646 (ranged from 0.240 to 1.000) for SSR,respectively.The combined grouping association indicated that most local Chinese peach cultivars and exotic accessions were clustered together.This could be related to the mode of introduction and maintenance of the peach cultivars involving limited foundation germplasm,exchange of cultivars between plantations,and periodic development of new recombinant cultivars following sexual reproduction.[Conclusion] The results obtained in this work would help to improve the conservation,molecular identification and management of peach germplasm in breeding.

Enumeration of a Special Kind of Labeled Connected Graphs

This paper is concerned with the enumeration of a special kind of labeled connected graphs of which the cutpoint-graphs are trees.A new method—treelization is introduced, by which the enumeration of this special kind of graphs can be solved. The enumerative formula with generating function is derived. The method of treelization is powerful in solving enumeration problems of graphs and deserves further research. For example, using the similar way, another special kind of labeled connected graphs of which the block-graphs are trees can be enumerated.

Xenopus Tbx6 mediates posterior patterning via activation of Wnt and FGF signalling

In vertebrates, the patterning of anterior-posterior （AP） axis is a fundamental process during embryogenesis. Wnt and FGF signalling pathways play important roles in regulating the patterning of embryo AP axis. Mouse Tbx6 encodes a transcription factor that has been demonstrated to be involved in the specification of the posterior tissue in mouse embryonic body. Here, we prove that morpholino-induced knockdown of XTbx6 impairs posterior development, indicating the requirement of XTbx6 in this process. Meanwhile, gain of XTbx6 function is sufficient to induce ectopic posterior structures in Xenopus embryos. Furthermore, XTbx6 activates the expression of Xwnt8 and FGF8, which are two mediators of posterior development, suggesting a mechanism by which XTbx6 modulates posterior patterning via Wnt and FGF signalling pathway activation.

DYNAMIC LAYOUT ADJUSTMENT AND NAVIGATION FOR ENTERPRISE GIS BASED ON OBJECT MARK RECOGNITION

In this paper a new method is developed to make a dynamic layout adjustmentand navigation for enterprise Geographic Information System (GIS) based on object mark recognition.The extraction of object mark images is based on some morphological structural patterns, which aredescribed by morphological structural points, contour property, and other geometrical data in abinary image of enterprise geographic information map. Some pre-processing methods, contour smoothfollowing, linearization and extraction patterns of structural points, are introduced. If anyspecial object is selected to make a decision in a GIS map, the all information around it will beobtained. That is, we need to investigate similar object enterprises around selected region toanalyse whether it is necessary for establishing the object enterprise at that place. To furthernavigate GIS map, we need to move from one region to another. Each time a region is formed anddisplayed based on the user's focus. If a focus point of a map is selected, in terms of extractedobject mark image, a dynamic layout and navigation diagram is constructed. When the user changes thefocus (i. e. click a node in the navigation mode), a new sub-diagram is formed by dropping oldnodes and adding new nodes. The prototype system provides effective interfaces that support GISimage navigation, detailed local image/map viewing, and enterprise information browsing.

An edge-preserving algorithm of joint image restoration and volume reconstruction for rotation-scanning 4D echocardiographic images

A statistical algorithm for the reconstruction from time sequence echocardiographic images is proposed in this paper. The ability to jointly restore the images and reconstruct the 3D images without blurring the boundary is the main innovation of this algorithm. First, a Bayesian model based on MAP-MRF is used to reconstruct 3D volume, and extended to deal with the images acquired by rotation scanning method. Then, the spatiotemporal nature of ultrasound images is taken into account for the pa-rameter of energy function, which makes this statistical model anisotropic. Hence not only can this method reconstruct 3D ul-trasound images, but also remove the speckle noise anisotropically. Finally, we illustrate the experiments of our method on the synthetic and medical images and compare it with the isotropic reconstruction method.

Automatic detection of respiratory rate from electrocardiogram,respiration induced plethysmography and 3D acceleration signals

Respiratory monitoring is increasingly used in clinical and healthcare practices to diagnose chronic cardio-pulmonary functional diseases during various routine activities.Wearable medical devices have realized the possibilities of ubiquitous respiratory monitoring,however,relatively little attention is paid to accuracy and reliability.In previous study,a wearable respiration biofeedback system was designed.In this work,three kinds of signals were mixed to extract respiratory rate,i.e.,respiration inductive plethysmography(RIP),3D-acceleration and ECG.In-situ experiments with twelve subjects indicate that the method significantly improves the accuracy and reliability over a dynamic range of respiration rate.It is possible to derive respiration rate from three signals within mean absolute percentage error 4.37%of a reference gold standard.Similarly studies derive respiratory rate from single-lead ECG within mean absolute percentage error 17%of a reference gold standard.

The Application of Levenberg-Marquartb Algorithm in EEG Inverse Problem

EEG inverse problem has great significance and importance for both cli nical and research applications. It discusses EEG dipole source localization pro blems solved by nonlinear local optimization methods, such as Levenberg-Marquar t b. This paper presents the relation between location errors and noise level on c ondition that the source number is known; if the source number is not known, the selected number in model may not equal to the actual one, and a computation is carried out and a corresponding discrimination criteria is proposed. Computer si mulation demonstrates that Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is better than global methods if the source number is small.