双重悖论下的智慧之作--浅析吴山专的《大生意》

行为艺术在中国一直游走在社会及艺术的边缘，艰难地前行。“八九现代艺术大展”是中国现代艺术的谢幕礼，而行为艺术是此次展览最大的亮点。吴山专在这里做了一桩“大生意”，既延续其一贯的创作风格，亦旨在反抗美术馆体制、美术理论家的“霸权”、商业化对艺术领域的渗透。作品意义在生效之时，产生了双重悖论，值得深入探讨。

The possible effects on the future management of local Italian authorities following the use of financial derivative instruments

The appeal from municipalities, provinces and regions to financial derivative instruments is tied to the need of overcoming the situations in a state of urgency inherent in a balance. On average, one local Italian authority in twenty has decided to underwrite a derivative product, giving life to a number of contracts that had a value of over 35 billion euro with an average value of 6.5 million for each contract until 2007. The boom of swaps has, since 2000 on, experienced a peak period from 2003 to the end of 2005, in which the Euribor rate touched a very low level, maintained itself for long periods at around 2% and fallen in some cases even under this value. Many of the contracts completed before 2006, which link the debt of local authorities to variable rates, but also many of those completed from 2006 onwards that moved debt onto fixed rate, which are now a source of loss for the balance of local authorities that have underwritten them. In the 2002-2008 period, the number of the stipulation of contracts local authorities reported to the Ministry of Economy and Finance is about 900, corresponding to more or less 150 per year, which affected 18 regions, 44 provinces, 532 municipalities and 4 mountain commtmities, for a total of 594 authorities. Therefore, the local authorities have approached the derivative instruments in an often approximate way without a real awareness, both for the conditions that were being negotiated and the effects that they would have produced in perspective. The purpose of this work is to highlight the consequences of the use of derivative instruments on the future management of local authorities.

Study on the Current Physical Quality of Modem College Students and the Countermeasures

In recent years, the unexpected accidents of college students have occurred frequently in the playground. A student in Shanghai Sanda University suddenly fell at tile basketball class at the end of last year. In the same month, a male student in Shanghai East China University fell on the ground when taking part in the physical test of lkm running, and then passed away after the rescue was not valid. In this paper, the physical quality of the current college students is discussed on the basis of studying college students＇ quality education. This study is expected to play a role in reference.

A Deep-Ecological Reading of William Wordsworth＇s Poetry

From the 1960s, the increasingly serious ecological crisis gave rise to ecocriticism. William Wordsworth （1770-1850）, a representative of romantic poets, composes substantial poems to eulogize nature and to encourage equality and harmony between nature and human beings. From the angle of deep ecology, a branch of ecological study, this paper aims to analyze the ecological consciousness conveyed in Wordsworth＇s poetry. It analyzes the adverse impacts of industrialization on nature and man in Wordsworth＇s poetry. It elaborates further on ecological thoughts in Wordsworth＇s poetry. And finally, it summarizes how Wordsworth criticizes industrialization in his poetry and how he expresses his ecological thoughts--ecological equilibrium, social equality and harmony, and nature preservation

On The Reasonable Demands Of The University Students＇ Education Of Civic Awareness

Civic awareness is a product of modem constitution which emerges with the appearance of the modem state. It refers to the conscious awareness that citizens have their own position in the country which can share rights and undertake obligations. Its connotation is a system. The education of civic awareness is completed through the combination of school, society, family and other social channels. It is a process of socialization and re-socialization. College students are the main part of the construction in the modem harmonious society. The development of college students＇ civic awareness will be significant to construct the harmonious society and promote the process of national law. However, there still lacks the sense of civic awareness in the current population of college students, which appears the lack of sense of responsibility and the scarcity of the moral sense. Therefore, it is reasonable to strengthen the demands of college students＇ civic awareness education. This paper is a preliminary study on the connotation, awareness. significance, modem status, causes and measures of college students＇ civic

A Survey on Morphological Traits of Basset Hound Dogs Raised in Italy

Several biometric measures were taken from 48 adult （mean age 2.78 ±1.71 years） Basset Hound dogs （24 males and 24 females） belonging to four different farms. For each animal, the following biometrical measurements were considered： withers height, chest height, chest depth, trunk length, rump length, ischium width of the rump, ear and nose length, chest and cannon circumference. Results showed that sexual dimorphism was not present; however two morphological groups of Basset Hound with some differences were found. The first group consisted of animals with high and broad chest, while the second one was more compact, with more pronounced nose and ears. Considering breed health, it would be interesting to select the subjects of the first group since showing an anatomical less susceptible to some conformational disorders typical of the breed. On the contrary, focusing our interest on the breed hunting attitude, the second group would have some characteristics more suitable for this purpose.

Perspectives for Energetic Destination of MSW （Municipal Solid Waste）

The correct individuation of the best final destination for MSW cannot ignore the option of thermal treatment, taking into account both the possibility of energy recovery and the capacity of the thermal process to destroy an important part of the pollutants that are originally present in the waste itself. In order to realize this operation, it is possible to use conventional incineration systems, but also to consider new innovative processes and technologies; among them, production of RDF （refuse derived fuel） is quite often used in process plants, and gasification of waste seems to be a promising solution. The aim of the present paper is a critical analysis of the above-mentioned solutions, not only from the operational point of view but also on the basis of the status of the art of practical applications and in consideration of the most significant results for the Italian and European situation. For the application of these technologies a specific Italian case has been considered： it consists of the correct individuation of waste management modality for final destination of wastes produced in a city located in Piedmont （north of Italy）. The results of the analysis highlight the environmental and economic convenience, for the specific considered case, of the direct combustion in incineration plant of the all amount of the wastes produced. From the considered specific example some more general conclusions can be drawn.

Techniques and Methods for Urban Regeneration and Quality Improvement for Suburbia

The paper is based on the results of two research experiences： an European research titled ＂Improving the Quality of Suburban Building Stock＂ （COST Action TU0701 ） and an Italian National Research project called ＂Renovation, Regeneration and Valorization of Social Housing Settlements Built in the Suburban Areas in the Second Half of Last Century＂ （PRIN 2010-2012）. The paper summarizes the researches outputs whose main aim was to illustrate the potentialities of different strategies for the improvement of suburbs. In order to implement different strategies for the refurbishment of suburban areas, researches were aimed firstly at the identification of several case studies that are representatives of the European panorama because of their typology, construction and state of physical and social deterioration. The final result was a collection of examples for the urban regeneration, gathered from case studies but offering a wide-scale of applications on public housing complexes. The paper highlights different approaches and strategies taken by different countries towards the methodologies of assessing, refurbishing and adding new value to the suburban areas, in view of increasing not only the quality of buildings but also the quality of public spaces and services, for a better quality of life of the citizens.

Investigation and analysis of the job-hunting intentions and employment orientations of students majored in nursing

In recent years, China＇s employment problem of the college graduates has become a hot topic in the communities. Each year there are a large number of the graduating students, but few can find the job suitable for their own professional direction in colleges and universities. The employment problems have plagued the university graduates, and also have brought the unnecessary trouble to some students in the colleges. The college students have just entered the society, and they do not understand a lot of the social status very well, and have very little experience in the employment. In order to reduce the pressure of the employment of the university students, and help the graduate students bettor get employed, also to make the college students have a better planning for their future, in this paper, the author carried out the investigation and analysis of the job-hunting intentions and the employment orientations of the students majored in nursing, hoping to hclp the employment of the college students in some aspects, and do a good job in the planning of their career.

To Train or to Entertain the Brain： How Does Enhanced Focus of Attention Guide Perception into the Goal Directed Action

Different areas of cognitive science traditionally perceived the mind as an abstract information processing entity, whose interactions with the outside world should be of small or no relevance at all. However, a recent embodied cognition perspective, view cognitive processes as deeply embedded into the body＇s interactions with the world. In support of such contention, lots of empirical evidence has been brought and thusly different claims proposed. In this paper, we present the computer based neurocognitive task of sustained attention which is a dual task with many characteristics that obviously mirror some of the above claims. In this regard, we take into consideration both on-line and off-line aspects of the embodied cognition and point out how processing efficiency and attentional functioning are crucial vehicles in bringing perception into effective action （embodied cognition）. Furthermore, there is plenty of evidence about the bidirectional relationship between the attentional/cognitive functioning and emotion regulation as well. This rises new possibilities in looking at the cognitive bias modification approaches and brain-cognitive training procedures for human beings without perceiving them as disembodied minds or complex machines but instead proactive and physically involved in the real world. We argue that such cognitive training approaches even though at first glance seemed as mere technical and machine oriented procedures, should be regarded as humanistic in its nature which perfectly mirror the Merleau-Ponty＇s concept of ＂embodied subjectivity.＂ Finally, we explain how such approaches can be successfully combined with the neurobiological accounts and effectively implemented into clinical practice （self-regulation, self-directed neuroplasticity, effortful control, behavior change）.

Distributional Effects of Transport Taxes： An Incidence Analysis

Wider use of economic instruments in the field of environmental and energy policy provides several benefits. These instruments not only create market-based incentives for environmentally friendly behaviors but also represent effective opportunities to collect revenues. In this context, energy and transport-related taxes play a major role, even if their extensive use has raised several concerns over equity issues. The main objective of the paper is to investigate the redistributive burden of existing transport taxes on Italian households. An incidence analysis is carried out on a sample of more than 23,000 Italian families for the year 2009. Some alternative policy options are also analyzed to provide some suggestions on how to countervail the potential negative regressive effects that might arise. We find that vehicle ownership taxes, if properly set, can represent a promising opportunity to blend together budget and equity needs. To obtain a better indication of the progressivity or regressivity of certain policy designs, we rely on some summary indexes, such as the Kakwani measure of progressivity and the Reynolds-Smolensky measure of redistributive capacity of a tax.

Teaching the Non-Chinese Speaking Students Origami to Improve Their Interest and Concentration in Learning Chinese Language

The difficulties in learning Chinese faced by non-Chinese students are the subjects of concern in the education sector, especially in writing Chinese characters. We write the characters with strokes and dots, more or less strokes or dots will represent different words and different meanings. Students found these very complicated and confused, thus it leads them to lose their motivation and interest in learning Chinese language. From the beginning of the 1990s, I began using origami as one of the activities to promote the teaching of Chinese in the state school in Melbourne Australia with remarkable results. Program got widely reported by Medias. In 1995, I got the ＂National Excellence in Teaching Awards＂. After I took up the position as the curriculum development officer in University of Hong Kong in 2007, I worked closely with the teachers and students using origami as the theme base learning in Chinese. It helps to increase their understanding of the radicals and parts, so as to improve their confidence in writing Chinese characters.

A Development of Augmented Reality Application： AR Band

This study promotes application of Augmented Reality （AR）, whose properties can handle multiple sensory that heightens its quality of performances, affections in first time users, and introduces the possibility and guideline in mass production through the development of＂Augmented Reality Band＂, a gadget based on AR system that allows users to interact with virtual music instruments to make music through the system that analyze printed marker on the shirt. The system is developed by using FLAR Toolkit and made accessible via AR band website. The user can run the system online from anywhere by wearing the shirt printed with embedded musical instruments AR code. In order to promote AR Band performances, the authors assessed the quality of the system from technical professionals. It has been found out that the quality level is very high （4.64/5.00） and the user satisfaction evaluated by sample group has been found in a satisfied level （4.22/5.00）. In summary, AR Band has proven its performances to enhance user satisfaction and its further development and adaptation is under discussion and suggestion section provided at the end.

Recovery Planning and Management Control System in Company Crisis

The main goal of this paper is to analyze situations of financial crisis in Italian companies. The analysis has also been focused on the company＇s attitude to overcome the financial crisis. Secondly, the authors have analyzed if the recovery project has required the introduction of a new management control system or changes to the existing management control system. The methodology is composed of several steps. First of all, the authors have analyzed the existing literature. Secondly, the authors have referred to a sample of 98 Italian recovery projects formalized by Italian private companies. The analysis of the literature and the recovery projects permits to achieve some provisional results, which have been tested through surveys. The methodology approach is inspired by the grounded theory. The findings have been several： （1） The crisis is a usual event in the lifecycle of a firm, due to a deterioration of its strength and a change of the context; （2） The timing factor has played a fundamental role in managing the crisis situation, because a late identification of the symptoms or a minimization of them can generate an irreversible situation; and （3） In addition, a recovery project includes the introduction of a new management control system or changes to the existing management control system. These new or modified management control systems use ＂feed-forward＂ mechanisms, which make early predictions about the changes in the characteristics of the competitive framework.

COLLEGE STUDENTS' INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE — A TENTATIVE STUDY

The paper intends to test Chinese students' intercultural awareness and intercultural competence via the completion of a questionnaire conducted amongst 216 English majors by the end of their third year and 354 non-English majors (CET Band 6) in five northern universities of China. The theoretical framework of the paper originates from Young Yun Kim's structural model of factors influencing intercultural adaption and Gao Yihong's ' going across' and ' going beyond' as two levels of intercultural communication competence development. The questionnaire tests the students' knowledge of communication, culture and intercultural awareness. The results show that: The learners are prevalently lacking profound intercultural communication awareness; Intercultural communication course can validly improve the students''going across' culture; The majority of the mistakes made by the students in intercultural communication are mainly due to the 'negative transfer' of native culture.

笑口常开

留着点 小时候家里买了一台黑白电视机，在那时候可是很稀奇的玩意儿，村里很多邻居都挤在家里看，大家正看到兴头儿上，80岁高龄的奶奶颤颤巍巍地从里屋走了出来，一把把电视插头扯掉，留下了一句让当时在场的人至今难忘的话：“别看完了，留点我儿回来看!”

Petrology and tectonic significance of the early Mesozoic granulite xenoliths from the eastern Inner Mongolia, China

Granulite xenoliths are found in the early Mesozoic diorite intrusions from Chifeng and Ningcheng areas, eastern Inner Mongolia. The granulites are granoblastic and weakly gneissic with mineral assemblage of hypersthene, diopside, plagioclase and minor biotite, amphibole and ilmenite. Some samples contain the intergrowth composed of labradorite and vermicular hypersthene, and some coarse-grained plagioclases of andesine and labradorite composition occasionally develop bytownite rims with vermicular hypersthene, indicating a possible presence of garnet. Presence of blastogabbroic texture and hypersthene with diopside exsolution lamellae in some samples suggests that the protolith of the granulite is norite or gabbro. On the basis of metamorphic research and thermobaric calculation, the evolution of the granulite xenoliths is summarized into the following stages: (1) Isobaric cooling of underplated noritic or gabbroic magma in the lower crust led to the formation of probable garnet-bearing medium-high pressure granulite. (2) These higher pressure granulites were adiabatically uplifted to upper crust by dioritic magma and transformed to low pressure two-pyroxene granulite during an isothermal decompression. (3) The two-pyroxene granulite underwent retrograde metamorphism of different degrees during an isobaric cooling process as a result of crystallization and cooling of the dioritic magma. The pyroxenite-dominated cumulates and the medium-high pressure granulites may have rejuvenated the lower crust during the early Mesozoic.

The New Spiritual Elements and Artistic Exploration of Chinese Buddhist Literature during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

Modern Chinese Buddhist literature of the war of resistance against Japanese aggression is a unique literary phenomenon written in a unique era.Thematically,it combines the modern Buddhist consciousness of citizenship and the traditional spirit of the Way of the Bodhisattva.In terms of individual life experience,it responds to the spirit of the times through the conscious and innovative use of Buddhist conceptions introduced in a modern manner;in terms of identifying a social role,its artistic practice consciously and actively answers the call of China’s wartime cultural strategy;and in terms of artistic production,it vigorously promotes modernization of expression and popular participation.These new elements and tendencies offer a perspective that cannot be overlooked if we are to gain an in-depth and comprehensive appreciation and evaluation of the role of wartime Buddhist literature in China’s national war of resistance.

Multifunctional radio-frequency generator for cold atom experiments

We present a low cost radio-frequency （RF） generator suitable for experiments with cold atoms. The RF source achieves a sub-hertz frequency with tunable resolution from 0 MHz to 400 MHz and a maximum output power of 33 dBm. Based on a direct digital synthesizer （DDS） chip, we implement a ramping capability for frequency, ampli- tude and phase. The system can also operate as an arbitrary waveform generator. By measuring the stability in a dura- tion of 600 s, we fred the presented device performs comparably as Agilent33522A in terms of short-term stability. Due to its excellent performance, the RF generator has been already applied to cold atom trapping experiments.