人生万事的“隔”与“渡”——论计文君《天河》的主题隐喻义

《天河》作为计文君到目前为止最为成功的一部作品,无论是在思想的挖掘上还是在艺术的表现上,都显示了作家的匠心独运之处。小说以"天河"为题,将作品的主题意义指向于对人生万事的思考和体悟,隐喻了人与人,个人自我,人生与戏剧之间的"隔"与"渡"。

电影《天河》的艺术分析

电影《天河》由北京市委宣传部、北京市新闻出版广电局、八一电影制片厂、北京市南水北调工程建设委员会办公室联合摄制。影片以李幼斌饰演的水利工程师董望川为主线,全景式展现了南水北调工程中决策团队、一线工程建设者和沿线移民的整体风貌。"天河"是一项造福于民的利民工程,可谓"功在当代利在千秋",电影全景式再现了这条"生命之河"的艰难成形过程,具有很强的艺术性和思想性,并且创造了良好的经济效益和社会效益。

读杜甫的《天河》、《牵牛织女》等诗

杜甫被贬为华州司功参军,于乾元二年(759年)秋天辞职携眷西行,到了秦州。在秦州他写下了五律组诗名篇《秦州杂诗二十首》、《天河》等诗,其中多称说"天河"、"河汉"、"牵牛"等,同天水得名之义完全相合,而且从大体的地域方位上说,也是正确的,可见杜公对牛郎织女传说中"天河"在现实社会中所对应之水,对牛郎织女传说的起源地都有所认识。他后来在夔州时作了五古《牵牛织女》,在"托意君子进身之道,故感牛女故事而赋之"之外,诗中也反映了杜甫在青年男女关系问题上的一些看法。由此,我们也可略窥牛郎织女传说在唐代以后小说、戏曲中沉寂的一个重要原因,即被更具教化意义的董永的故事所覆代。

传世天河县旧方志述略

天河县始设于唐代,1952年并入罗城县,1983年撤罗城县设罗城仫佬族自治县。就目前所知,天河县共有三部旧方志传世:清道光六年(1825年)林光棣修《天河县志》、清光绪三十二年(1906年)杨家珍修《天河县乡土志》、民国三十一年(1942年)任敏编修《天河县志》。此三部志书,记录了天河县不同历史时期的地理、历史、人文,各具特色,具有极高的史料价值。

Water Requirements and Irrigation Scheduling of Spring Maize Using GIS and CropWat Model in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

Due to the over use of available water resources, it has become very important to define appropriate strategies for planning and management of irrigated farmland. In this paper, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (Jing-Jin-Ji) region was chosen as the case study area for its special political and economic status and its severe water problem. To achieve effective planning, the information about crop water requirements, irrigation withdrawals, soil types and climatic conditions were obtained in the study area. In the meantime, a GIS method was adopted, which extends the capabilities of the crop models to a regional level. The main objectives of the study are: 1) to estimate the spatial distribution of the evapotranspiration of spring maize; 2) to estimate climatic water deficit; 3) to estimate the yield reduction of spring maize under different rainfed and irrigated conditions. Based on the water deficit analysis, recommended supplemental irrigation schedule was developed using CropWat model. Compared to the rainfed control, the two or three times of supplemental water irrigated to spring maize at the right time reduced the loss of yield, under different scenarios.

Oasis System and Its Reasonable Development in Sangong River Watershed in North of the Tianshan Mountains,Xinjiang,China

Under the guide of system theory, taking the oasis in the Sangong River watershed as a case study, this paper analyzes the oasis structure and function from 4 aspects including oasis spatial structure, water resources structure, vegetation structure, economic structure and their corresponding functions. The results indicate that as a typical small-scale watershed, Sangong River watershed has the relatively complete mountain-basin structure, and ecological and productive function. Because of human drastic activity the utilization rate of water resources was as high as 98.7%, and the utilization of groundwater was not reasonable, which resulted in an average annual decline of 0.353m in the water table of alluvial-diluvial-fan oasis, and an average annual increase of 0.047m in the alluvial-plain. The layout of crop and shelter forest benefits to the utilization of water and land resources. The development of oasis economy is at low level, and its eco-economic function is weak.

STRUCTURE AND RESTRUCTURING OF BEIJING-TIANJIN-HEBEI MEGALOPOLIS IN CHINA

Scott proposes to use the term global city-regions to designate the phenomena that bear some resemblance to the "world cities" firstly identified by Hall and Friedmann and Wolff, and to the "global cities" of Sassen but whose essential social logic and contextual characteristics have evolved considerably since these pioneering studies were published. In simple geographical terms, a global city-region can be refered to comprise any major metropolitan area or any contiguous set of metropolitan areas together with a surrounding hinterland of variable extent-itself a locus of scattered urban settlements-whose internal economic and political affairs are bound up in intricate ways in intensifying and far-flung extra-national relationships. Scott refers to these extra-national relationships as a symptom of "globalization". As economic motors and political actors, the global city regions have been regarded as crucial parts of development strategies in China. In the "Eleventh Five-year Plan" issued by the National Development and Reform Commission of P. R. China, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Province (Jing-Jin-Ji) region, one of the typical megalopolises or global city regions in the East Coastal China is paid more attention. This paper first analyzes the regional structure of the Jing-Jin-Ji region based on data of the fifth national population census of China. And then through the changes of the population growth, the dynamic process and mechanisms of the regional restructuring in the Jing-Jin-Ji is explored and discussed.

Remote sensing detection of glacier changes in Tianshan Mountains for the past 40 years

Both marginal fluctuation and areal change were used to detect the accurate dynamics of glacier change in the study area using Landsat MSS, ETM, SPOT HRV and topographic maps based on GIS. From 1963 to 1977, four of eight glaciers advanced, two of them retreated and another two kept stable, the glacier advanced generally. From 1977 to 1986, four of eight glaciers retreated and the others kept stable, but the retreated glaciers were those which advanced from 1963 to 1977. From 1986 to 2000, seven of eight glaciers retreated and only one glacier kept stable, the retreating velocity was 10-15 m/a. Glacier recession in this period became very fast and universal. From 1963 to 2000, the area of glaciers decreased from 5479.0 ha to 4795.4 ha, up to 12.5%. It is alarming that most of glacier retreats happened from 1986 to 2000. This was very consistent with change process of summer mean temperature in this region and global warming beginning in the 1980s.

Dynamic process simulation with a Savage-Hutter type model for the intrusion of landslide into river

Natural damming of rivers by mass movements is a very common and potentially dangerous phenomena which has been documented all over the world. In this paper, a two-layer model of Savage-Hutter type is presented to simulate the dynamic procedure for the intrusion of landslide into rivers. The two-layer shallow water system is derived by depth averaging the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with the hydrostatic assumption. A high order accuracy scheme based on the finite volume method is proposed to solve the presented model equations. Several numerical tests are performed to verify the realiability and feasibility of the proposed model. The numerical results indicate that the proposed method can be competent for simulating the dynamic process of landslide intrusion into the river. The interaction effect between both layers has a significant impact on the landslide movement, water fluctuation and wave propagation.

Measuring Social Vulnerability to Natural Hazards in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region,China

Social vulnerability in this study represents the differences between the capacity to cope with natural hazards and disaster losses suffered within and between places.The assessment of social vulnerability has been recognized as a critical step in understanding natural hazard risks and enhancing effective response capabilities.This article presents an initial study of the social vulnerability of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(B-T-H) Region in China.The goal is to replicate and test the applicability of the United States Social Vulnerability Index(So VI) method in a Chinese cultural context.Thirty-nine variables adapted from the So VI were collected in relation to two aspects:socioeconomic vulnerability and built environment vulnerability.Using factor analysis,seven factors were extracted from the variable set:the structure of social development,the level of economic and government financial strength,social justice and poverty,family structure,the intensity of space development,the status of residential housing and transportation,and building structure.Factor scores were summed to get the final So VI scores and the most and least vulnerable units were identified and mapped.The highest social vulnerability is concentrated in the northwest of the study area.The least socially vulnerable areas are mainly distributed in the Beijing,Tianjin and Shijiazhuang core urban peripheral and central city areas of the prefecture-level cities.The results show that this method is a useful tool for revealing places that have a high level of vulnerability,in other words,areas which are more likely to face significant challenges in coping with a large-scale event.These findings could provide a scientific basis for policy making and the implementation of disaster prevention and mitigation in China.

The Changes of Water Quality in Space and Time in the Mekong River, Bassac River and Adjacent Waterways

Catfish （Pangasianodon hypophthalmus） farming along Mekong river and Bassac river depends heavily on water quality of the two rivers, whereas water quality of these rivers are affected by the waste of aquaculture activities, agricultural production, industrial and municipal waste. This report analyzes the monitoring data on Mekong river, Bassac river and adjacent waterways in the period of 2011-2012, focusing on parameters of organic pollution to assess the current quality of these two rivers. Based on the results, the water quality in the river-head was generally better than in the middle and at the end of the river, and the quality of water of the Mekong river was better than Bassac river. In terms of time, water quality in July was considered the best in all the basins. At adjacent natural rivers and canals, ammonia levels increased and exceeded the Vietnamese standard in April, and BOD values were also much higher compared to two major rivers. The results of the model also showed that the levels of pollution index of the Mekong and Bassac river were very low （1.33 and 1.47）, and the values （Y） in the canals were higher （1.63-1.67） but still in permitted level. Therefore, the water quality of the Mekong and Bassac river in the period 2011-2012 was generally still quite good.

Spheres of Urban Influence and Factors in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region Based on Viewpoint of Administrative Division Adjustment

The coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei has been elevated as China's important strategy. And, the priority in considering how to bring the maximum effect of their coordinated development into play is to delineate the spheres of urban influence with regard to the cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region. By building an evaluation index system of urban comprehensive strength, this paper applies the principal component analysis method to determine centrality strength of the cities, and the breakpoint theory and weighted Voronoi diagram to identify the spheres of urban influence in all central cities of the region. Results show that 13 central cities within the region greatly differ in strength, which can be classified into four tiers and that the spheres of urban influence do not have a high goodness of fit with administrative jurisdiction scope. Cities like Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang and Handan have larger spheres of urban, spheres of urban influence in Tangshan and Qinhuangdao are basically consistent with their administrative jurisdiction scopes, and seven cities including Langfang and Baoding have smaller spheres of urban influence. So according to these cities' comprehensive strength and spheres of influence, the region can be divided into five plates: Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Tangshan and Handan. The major influence factors for inconsistency between spheres of urban influence and spheres of jurisdiction include difference in urban administrative ranking, small number of central cities with weak strength, discrepancy in the number of counties under jurisdiction, unreasonable spheres of jurisdiction and diversity in topographical conditions. In order to solve the imbalance in the spheres of urban influence and those of jurisdiction and better facilitate the coordinated development of the region, it is advised to adjust administrative areas so as to obtain more optimized urban spatial layout and more reasonable urban scale hierarchy system.

“穆王八骏”佚游主题的重新审视

经、史以及文学著作向来以“佚游荒乐”来解读“穆王八骏”故事,然而佚游主题却有几点疑问:(一)周穆王在《尚书》《逸周书》等篇目中,呈现出的是战兢谨慎,施行德政和注重德行的孜孜求治者形象;(二)《穆天子传》中的穆王,实际表现出来的是具有探索精神、优雅气质的人物形象,同时也极为体恤臣民。(三)从穆王首次得到“八骏”的表现来看,似乎良马本身即是西巡的目的之一。因此,“穆王八骏”背后暗示着更为重大的主题:良马资源对周人的重要性。《穆天子传》中表面上形式多样的外交活动其实际上皆潜藏着这一更重大而迫切的目的。论述主要着眼于先秦时期良马资源的重要性,从六个方面进行展开。

A Numerical Study of the Urban Intensity Effect on Fog Evolution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

The influence of urban intensity on fog evolution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region (China) is investigated numerically with the the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model coupled with the urban canopy parameterization-building energy model (UCP- BEM) urban physics scheme. The experiments were designed with a focus on the influence of different urban intensities, which are represented by a different fractional coverage of natural land, buildings, and energy consumption inside buildings in an urban environment. The results of this study indicate that urban areas notably influence fog evolution when natural land is reduced to a small fraction (e.g., less than 10%). Developed land changes fog evolution through urban effects. Higher urban intensity (HUI) generally results in warmer temperatures and lower wind speeds throughout the day, while inhibiting morning specific humidity loss and afternoon specific humidity gain because of the HUI effect on surface heat flux, surface roughness, and surface moisture flux. HUI leads to later and weaker liquid water content formation, with a higher liquid water content base, primarily due to its effect on near surface temperatures. This finding implies that HUI may inhibit the conditions for fog formation. In addition, urban areas with equal natural and developed land coverage seem to greatly enhance the upward surface moisture flux, which is attributed to the combination of a relatively large potential evaporation on developed land and an ample moisture supply from natural land. As a result, the specific humidity increases in the afternoon.

Research and application of strip mining of village coal pillar at coal field of the north of the Yellow River in Shandong Province

This paper focuses on the village coal pillar under huge thick loose bed and thin bedrock over high prelatic water level at the north of the Yellow River. The strip mining technology was used to protect the village houses. The stratum structure control action of mining subsidence was used to design the mining and pillar width. To further raise resources recovery, we adopted the mutative scheme of mining and pillar width. Observation was carried out while mining. Research shows there is feasibility of the strip mining technology to protecting the village buildings of the village coal pillar under huge thick loose bed and thin bedrock over high prelatic water level at the north of the Yellow River. Finally, subsidence parameters of strip mining were obtained. It is the basic data of the strip mining of the coal field at the north of the Yellow River.

Tianjin, Thriving City of Rivers

TIANJIN is one of China’s four municipalities directly under the jurisdiction of the central government.Located to the east of Beijing,it faces the Bohai Sea and is an international shipping hub at the economic center of the Bohai Rim.China（Tianjin）Pilot Free Trade Zone serves the whole of North China.

Hebei Talents Development Strategy under the Background of Talents Integration in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

As the development of productive forces, the most critical and most active factors in people is the fimdamental driving force of regional economic sustainable development and cooperation has a vital role in regional economic development Only speed up regional economic cooperation and enforce the integration of regional talent development, can the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region achieves rapid development, and become China＇ s third largest economic growth pole, following the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta. Based on reviewing the integration process of the integration of regional talent development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebci region, this paper further analyze differences in the economic development status, the level of human capital, wage levels, employment status, and the development of educational science and technology among Hebei Province, Beijing and Tianjin, and concludes talent development strategy for Hebei Province replying the personnel integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei Province.

天河赞

殷商繁盛川流去，治旱犹需傅说谋。千仞太行临阆苑，九回漳水绕林州。刑天干戚劈云路，共氏戈铤触不周。舟棹通衢连四省，凌风长似画中游。

三夕漫话《天河配》

牛郎织女七夕相会的故事初见于《荆楚岁时记》，书中记载：“传玄《拟天问》云：‘七月七日牵牛织女会天河。’”又说：“七月七日为牵牛织女聚会之夜。是夕，人家妇女结彩楼，穿七孔针，

天河弱水

遥远的天际 有一条天河 河水漫漫 清澈见底