论《孙子》兵法中的谋略心理

《孙子》是中国现存的最古老的兵书,也是世界上流传时间最久、范围最广、影响最大的兵学圣典。《孙子》中虽然从头至尾并未提到“心理”一词,但在整篇中却处处从不同层次、不同角度折射出谋略行为的心理问题,把谋略中的有关心理问题发挥到淋漓尽致的透彻境界。纵观《孙子》兵法十三篇,其谋略心理思想集中表现在五个方面上,即“不战而屈人之兵”的谋略心理战观念;“知己知彼,百战不殆”的谋略认知心理规律;“庙算而战”的谋略思维运筹思想;“权诈”与“诡道”的谋略战术心理方法;形成与应用抗争心理谋略的艺术性特点。

基于语料库的《孙子兵法》的数量词汇语义场分布特征研究

《孙子兵法》中的大量表示数量意义的词汇,形成了一个语义场。这一语义场可以从结构形式、语法分类、词汇意义三个层面,划分为不同的子语义场。从结构形式上看,可分为词和固定短语两个子场;从语法分类上看,可分为体词性词汇、谓词性词汇和加词性词汇三个子场;从词汇意义上看,可分为表计算、表顺序等十一个子场。

The Art of War： Tradition and Innovation in the Iconographic Representation of Alentejo Fortresses （17th-18th Centuries）

The novelties in the representation of strongholds in Alentejo-southem Portugal, frontier with Spain, considered as a ＂theater of war＂ during the 17th and 18th centuries-followed European influences, which the theorists responsible for training the engineers in active in the country at this time, Luis Serrao Pimentel and Manuel de Azevedo Fortes, intend to apply. Several drawings bring testimony to this, by showing different ways of representing natural or built elements, allowing for comparisons with other regions of the country or even Europe. The comparison with earlier projects, and given the information contained mainly in the works of Luis Serr^o Pimentel and Manuel de Azevedo Fortes, lead us not only to the conclusion of the acceptance of the proposed rules, in order to enrich the profile of military engineers in Portugal, but also to notice the changes that this acceptance signified, emphasizing especially the technical and artistic sensibility of the authors of these projects of military architecture.

参合古兵学文献的奇经八脉理论考证与解构

古今学者对奇经八脉之“奇”多有训释,在“奇”之本义上存在一定争论。结合古兵学文献中记载的奇正思想,打破传统单纯考证“奇”字的思路,将之放入“奇正”整体中考察,发现“奇”与“正”存在相对性,且具有对立统一,性,由此引申出奇经八脉系统与十二正经系统的对立统一,性。在参对正经循行、功能及特性的前提下,借鉴现代人体解剖学与运动医学理论,对奇经八脉理论体系进行考证与解构,以整体的视角探讨奇经八脉的系统性三维立体逻辑层次。