崇尚实际 促进迁移——《学校管理心理学》教学探析

迁移是一种普遍现象.在学习中,它表现为一种学习对另一种学习的影响.既有已获知识经验对新课题学习的迁移,又有已学课题在新情境中应用的迁移.本文所讲的迁移主要是指后者.在高等师范院校(教育学院)的中小学校长岗位培训中,《学校管理心理学》是一门理论性、实践性均强的综合性的专业基础课程.讲授这门课程,必须从实际出发,按需施教,设法促进学习的迁移.对于中小学校长岗位培训班的学员来说,迁移是他们正确理解已掌握的学校管理心理学知识,向治校管校能力转化的关键.而在实际教学过程中,促进学习的迁移,主要应在如下几方面下功夫.

Rural left-behind children’s academic psychology in Western China and the school management countermeasures

Left-behind children refer to those left behind by parents working away from home and taken care of by only one of the parents or relatives because one or both of the parents go out to work in the city.By using questionnaires,this study involves 8627 rural pupils chosen from 10 provinces to examine academic psychological characteristics,containing academic self-concept,teacher-student relationship and the student attitudes towards school;and then it discusses the school management countermeasures.The results show:(1)children living with parents have the best academic performances;(2)children left behind with both parents working out show better than those living with one of the parents on academic psychological performance;and(3)children left behind with only one of the parents working out performs the worst,especially when only living with the father.Therefore,much more attention should be paid to those children.