西夏文藏传密续《广义文》所见印度大成就者黑行师事迹译注

西夏文藏传续典《吉祥遍至口合本续之广义文》记载了印度大成就者黑行师的证道传奇故事,涉及他违越师命,不信道友所言,与外道空行母斗法身亡等事迹。黑行师的事迹被译成西夏文并在西夏流传,表明他在西夏也受到推崇,在一定程度上反映了黑行师所传胜乐教法在西夏的流行。

王夫之《说文广义》“借为”研究

《说文广义》是王夫之的小学著作。本文在对使用＂借为＂的字例进行全面研究的基础上,发现＂借为＂既具有文字假借功能,又具有词义引申功能,是一个功能复杂、性质模糊的训诂术语。

王夫之《说文广义》考订《说文》析论

王夫之《说文广义》主在广《说文》未备之义,对于《说文》亦有看法,且有订正之说。王氏于《说文》之订正,在《说文》收字、《说文》释形、《说文》释义三点。王夫之对于《说文》研究常有谬误,其中主要之原因,在于王氏未得见原本《说文》之次序,故难以了解《说文》字形之编排原则,及《说文》部首归部之意义。再者,王氏亦将徐铉《说文》新附字,混同原本《说文》字而论,故有所致误。

西夏藏传文献中所见印度大成就者毗卢巴事迹译注

西夏文藏传续典《吉祥遍至口合本续之广义文》记载了印度大成就者毗卢巴饮酒指日、降伏外道空行母等证道传奇事迹。毗卢巴的事迹被译成西夏文并在西夏流传,表明他在西夏广受推崇,在一定程度上反映了毗卢巴所传道果法在西夏的流行。

Viscoelasto-plastic properties of deep hard rocks under water environment

Using a circular incremental step load and unload method, a set of rheological experiments were performed to study the viscoelasto-plastic properties of amphibolite in Jinchuan No.2 diggings under different environments. Based on the scientific analysis on rheological experimental data, the viscoelasto-plastic properties of amphibolite under different environments were studied. The results show that the instantaneous elastic modulus and viscoplastic properties of amphibolite are affected little, the viscoelastic properties of amphibolite are significantly affected. Based on the experimental results and characteristics of recovered rock specimen, a generalized Kelvin model was chosen to simulate rheological properties of amphibolites and key parameters were obtained. It is found that the creep deformation modulus E1 is significantly influenced by the water, while the instant elastic modulus E2 is not significantly affected. The discreteness of the viscosity coefficient η is large, the influence of water on η is not clear and needs to be further studied.

Emerging of Stochastic Dynamical Equalities and Steady State Thermodynamics from Darwinian Dynamics

The evolutionary dynamics first conceived by Darwin and Wallace, referring to as Darwinian dynamics in the present paper, has been found to be universally valid in biology. The statistical mechanics and thermodynamics, while enormous successful in physics, have been in an awkward situation of wanting a consistent dynamical understanding. Here we present from a formal point of view an exploration of the connection between thermodynamics and Darwinian dynamics and a few related topics. We first show that the stochasticity in Darwinian dynamics implies the existence temperature, hence the canonical distribution of Boltzmann-Gibbs type. In term of relative entropy the Second Law of thermodynamics is dynamically demonstrated without detailed balance condition, and is valid regardless of size of the system. In particular, the dynamical component responsible for breaking detailed balance condition does not contribute to the change of the relative entropy. Two types of stochastic dynamical equalities of current interest are explicitly discussed in the present approach： One is based on Feynman-Kac formula and another is a generalization of Einstein relation. Both are directly accessible to experimental tests. Our demonstration indicates that Darwinian dynamics represents logically a simple and straightforward starting point for statistical mechanics and thermodynamics and is complementary to and consistent with conservative dynamics that dominates the physical sciences. Present exploration suggests the existence of a unified stochastic dynamical framework both near and far from equilibrium.

Construction of a New Fractional Chaotic System and Generalized Synchronization

In this paper a new dynamic system with integer and fractional order is investigated. It is shown that determining the effect of quadratic coefficients to the systematic structure can be converted to determining that of coefficients of the linear part. Under some parametric conditions, the system can produce chaotic attractors similar as Lorenz attractor. A constructive theorem is proposed for generalized synchronization related to the fractional-order chaotic system and an application of this new system is demonstrated.

Cultural Schema and Intercultural Communicative Competence

Cultural schemas, as cognitive structures and generalized collections of knowledge of past experiences that are organized into related knowledge groups, can be used to perceive and understand various cultural phenomena in the communication. People carry different schemas （background knowledge） that play an important role in guiding people＇s behaviors in intercultural communication. The purpose of this paper is to attempt to theoretically apply communication strategies to the development of intercultural communicative competence in light of Cultural Schema Theory. It focuses on the relationship between cultural schema and intercultural communicative competence. Some pedagogical implications are given that cultural schema could be previously intended to help communicaters have a better and easier life when they are living in other countries, such as awareness raising, knowledge acquisition, emotional management, and skills development. This paper is written on the basis of a collection of the Chinese university students＇ experience of culture-learning. The study has certain significance in the practice on cultural acquisition, communication competence, and intercultural communication.

From the elasticity theory to cosmology and vice versa

The paper shows how a generalization of the elasticity theory to four dimensions and to space-time allows for a consistent description of the homogeneous and isotropic universe,including the accelerated expansion.The analogy is manifested by the inclusion in the traditional Lagrangian of general relativity of an additional term accounting for the strain induced in the manifold(i.e.in space-time)by the curvature,be it induced by the presence of a texture defect or by a matter/energy distribution.The additional term is su?cient to account for various observed features of the universe and to give a simple interpretation for the so called dark energy.Then,we show how the same approach can be adopted back in three dimensions to obtain the equilibrium configuration of a given solid subject to strain induced by defects or applied forces.Finally,it is shown how concepts coming from the familiar elasticity theory can inspire new approaches to cosmology and in return how methods appropriated to General Relativity can be applied back to classical problems of elastic deformations in three dimensions.

Numeric-Based XML Labeling Schema by Generalized Dynamic Method

Most efficient indeces and query techniques over XML （extensible markup language） data are based on a certain labeling scheme, which can quickly determine ancestor-descendant and parent-child relationship between two nodes. The current basic labeling schemes such as containment scheme and prefix scheme cannot avoid re- labeling when XML documents are updated. After analyzing the essence of existing dynamic XML labels such as compact dynamic binary string （CDBS） and vector encoding, this paper gives a common unifying framework for the numeric-based generalized dynamic label, which can be implemented into a variety of dynamic labels according to the different user-defined value comparison methods. This paper also proposes a novel dynamic labeling scheme called radical sign label. Extensive experiments show that the radical sign label performs well for the initialization, insertion and query operations, and especially for skewed insertion where the storage cost of the radical sign label is better than that of former methods.