知觉结构的音乐化演绎 哈默尔管弦乐《形象》的结构特征

知觉结构一词源自瑞士哲学家盖布瑟的整体哲学,这一哲学概念在德国作曲家哈默尔的创作中得到了全新的诠释与融合,形成了具有浓烈个人风格的整体音乐体系。知觉结构通过哈默尔的音乐化诠释,将多元技法和复合风格有序结合、融汇,最终塑形为音乐形象与哲学内涵高度统一的整体音乐。管弦乐作品《形象》作为哈默尔创作历程的里程碑,标志着整体音乐体系就此成型。本文将以其为蓝本,分析蕴含其中的哲学与音乐交融之美。

文学的“形象”“语象”与“图像”——评《形象诗学原理》

"形象思维"当属中国文艺理论热切关注的理论话题,甚至被认为是文学区别于非文学的本质特征。因此,在"图像时代"的今天,《形象诗学原理》一书也就有了重新被研究的必要。西方文论的历史表明,俄国形式主义的兴起,就是建立在对"形象思维"发难的基础上,直至后来的英美新批评,都很少论及"形象"。究其原因,所谓文学"形象"就是"音响形象",即"语象"。由于当前愈加复杂的"文学图像化"现象,实则是语象的外化和实体化,所以,不同文体的语象容量,也就有可能产生类型各异的图像。

形象的叛逆何以可能——从《形象的叛逆》看科学性和实用性在审美中的间接作用

马格利特《形象的叛逆》以形象再现和语言再现的矛盾消解了再现的权威。但"这不是一只烟斗"的判断并非来自纯粹的审美观照,而是包含着对再现的烟斗的科学性和实用性的缺失的考虑。科学性和实用性在日常审美中的间接作用不可忽视,这对我们的现实生活也有积极的指导作用。

发展性教学评价在《形象设计》课程中的运用

目的 探索如何学好《形象设计》课程及如何贯彻学校职业教育理念。方法 采用发展性教学评价方法, 在老师引导下,通过三次动手作业及一次形象展示,对学生的各种能力通过一些量化指标进行科学评价。结果 可以调动所有学生的学习积极性,能帮助学生理解和运用《形象设计》所学知识,能增加学生的实战能力,提 高学生的综合素质。结论 采用发展性教学评价方法教学,能充分发挥学生主观能动性及个性特点,实现学校 职业教育理念,是一种值得推广的教学方法。

The Study on Tourist Destination Tourism Image Perception and Evaluation in Xi'an City

[Objective] The aim was to explore the tourist destination image measurement method, and have an empirical study on Xi＇an City. [Method] With combination of non-structural and structured approach to design questionnaires, tourism image of Xi＇an was explored using the SPSS software from both the qualitative and quantitative analyses. [Result] Xi＇an tourism images serve a heritage historical monuments atmosphere with the Terracotta Warriors, City Wall, Big Wild Goose Pagoda,Huaqing Hot Springs, presenting a positive feeling among tourists in general. In the dissemination of travel, tourism infrastructure construction, tourism transportation,travel services have negative effects on the image of Xi＇an tourism. [Conclusion]The evaluation on the tourism resources is highly spoken of by tourists than the scenic spot, indicating that despite high visibility of tourism resources in Xi＇an, it has not formed strong core competitiveness and a complete tourism industrial chain. It is necessary to take the right marketing strategies to enhance tourist familiarity to Xi＇an. Tourists demands, therefore, should be well considered in developing Xi＇an scenic spots and new tourism products and projects be focused on to improve tourists＇ satisfaction.

Efficient Quadtree based Fractal Image Coding Scheme in Wavelet Transform Domain *

This paper presents an efficient quadtree based fractal image coding scheme in wavelet transform domain based on the wavelet based theory of fractal image compression introduced by Davis. In the scheme, zerotrees of wavelet coefficients are used to reduce the number of domain blocks, which leads to lower bit cost required to represent the location information of fractal coding, and overall entropy constrained optimization is performed for the decision trees as well as for the sets of scalar quantizers and self quantizers of wavelet subtrees. Experiment results show that at the low bit rates, the proposed scheme gives about 1 dB improvement in PSNR over the reported results.

浅析中国书画美学中的“象”

本文从对"象"在古代书画美学理论中上下文关系的剖析入手,着重指出"象"是一个内涵与外延都十分丰富的词汇,并通过与其密切相关的几个字词的分析尝试划定"象"的能指与所指的界限,从而使读者对于"象"在古代书画美学中的使用及词义的界定有一个宏观的把握。

Estimation of Illuminant Direction and Albedo from Shading

Assuming uniform albedo and Lambertian surface for the imaging model, a new robust method for estimation of illuminant direction and albedo from shading is presented. If there is a singular point with maximum intensity in an image, the method use shading information of the singular point and its neighbors to estimate directly the elevation of illuminant direction, surface albedo, and the bias brightness. Some experiment results on synthetic images are given to illustrate the new approach is accurate and robust.

Impacts of Park Landscape Structure on Thermal Environment Using QuickBird and Landsat Images

Urban parks composed mostly of vegetation and water bodies can effectively mitigate the urban heat island effect. Many studies have investigated the cooling effects of urban parks; however, little attention has been given to park landscape structure. Based on landscape metrics, this study has explored the influences of the park landscape structure on its inner thermal environment, taking heavily urbanized Beijing Municipality in China as the study area. Three indices, including the percentage of landscape （PLAND）, landscape shape index （LSI） and aggregation index （AI）, were used to measure the composition and configuration characteristics of the landscape components inside the parks. The indices were calculated for five landscape types being interpreted from Quickbird images. Urban thermal conditions were measured using the land surface temperature （LST） derived from Landsat TM images. The results showed that the park LST had a negative relationship with the park size, but no significant relationship was found with park shape. For the park＇s interior landscape, however, the configuration and composition characteristics of the landscape components inside the park explained 70% of the park LST variance. The area percentage of water bodies and the aggregation index of woodland were identified as the key influencing characteristics. In addition, when the composition and configuration characteristics of the park landscape components were separately considered, the configuration characteristics （LSI and A1） explained approximately 54% of the variance in park LST, which was comparable with that explained by the composition characteristics （PLAND）. Thus, this study suggested that an effective and practical way for urban cooling park design is the optimization of spatial configuration of landscape components inside the park.

The Research of Indoor Positioning Based on Visible Light Communication

The key techniques in indoor positioning based on visible light communication and the state of the art of this research were surveyed. First, the significance of indoor positioning based on visible light communication from two aspects of the limitations of current indoor positioning technology and the advantages of visible light communication was discussed; And then, the main four technology of indoor positioning based on visible light communication were summarized and the triangulation of RSS method and the principle of image positioning were introduced in detail; Next, the performance characteristics of various typical algorithms were compared and analyzed; In the end, several suggestions on future research of indoor positioning based on visible light communication were given.

Displacement and deformation analysis for uplift piles

On the assumptions that the shear resistance increases linearly with increasing shear displacement between the uplift pile and surrounding soil, that the axis force is distributed as parabola along the pile length, that elastic distortion occurs when the pile is loaded, that the displacement of pile is in accord with that of the soil, and that the uplift pile failure is regarded as the soil failure, a rational calculation method was proposed for calculating the deformation, ultimate displacement and shear resistance of piles. The distributions of frictional resistance and the shear displacement along the pile length were obtained with the method. The comparisons were made between the measurement results and the present results. The present theoretical results agree well with the measurement results, with the average difference being less than 12% before failure. The comparisons show that the proposed method is reasonable for uplift design and engineering construction of piles.

Automatic Tracing and Segmentation of Rat Mammary Fat Pads in MRI Image Sequences Based on Cartoon-Texture Model

The growth patterns of mammary fat pads and glandular tissues inside the fat pads may be related with the risk factors of breast cancer.Quantitative measurements of this relationship are available after segmentation of mammary pads and glandular tissues.Rat fat pads may lose continuity along image sequences or adjoin similar intensity areas like epidermis and subcutaneous regions.A new approach for automatic tracing and segmentation of fat pads in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) image sequences is presented,which does not require that the number of pads be constant or the spatial location of pads be adjacent among image slices.First,each image is decomposed into cartoon image and texture image based on cartoon-texture model.They will be used as smooth image and feature image for segmentation and for targeting pad seeds,respectively.Then,two-phase direct energy segmentation based on Chan-Vese active contour model is applied to partitioning the cartoon image into a set of regions,from which the pad boundary is traced iteratively from the pad seed.A tracing algorithm based on scanning order is proposed to accurately trace the pad boundary,which effectively removes the epidermis attached to the pad without any post processing as well as solves the problem of over-segmentation of some small holes inside the pad.The experimental results demonstrate the utility of this approach in accurate delineation of various numbers of mammary pads from several sets of MRI images.

An automated method for glacial lake mapping in High Mountain Asia using Landsat 8 imagery

Glacial lakes in the High Mountain Asia(HMA)are sensitive to global warming and can result in much more severe flood disasters than some largesized lakes.An accurate and robust method for the extraction of glacial lakes is critical to effective management of these natural water resources.Conventional methods often have limitations in terms of low spectral contrast and heterogeneous backgrounds in an image.This study presents a robust and automated method for the yearly mapping of glacial lake over a large scale,which took advantage of the complementarity between the modified normalized difference water index(MNDWI)and the nonlocal active contour model,required only local homogeneity in reflectance features of lake.The cloud computing approach with the Google Earth Engine(GEE)platform was used to process the intensive amount of Landsat 8 images from 2015 (344 path/rows and approximately 7504 scenes).The experimental results were validated by very high resolution images from Chinese GaoFen-1 (GF-1) panchromatic multi-spectral(PMS)and appeared a general good agreement.This is the first time that information regarding the spatial distribution of glacial lakes over the HMA has been derived automatically within quite a short period of time.By integrating it with the relevant indices,it can also be applied to detect other land cover types such as snow or vegetation with improved accuracy.

Translocalization and Social Rescaling:Case Studies of Linguistic Landscapes in Guangzhou

Languages and linguistic resources transport from one locality to another,adapting to the norms,customs,and regulations of a new locality.This process involves translocalization.Translocalization emphasizes the movement of linguistic resources against the backdrop of globalization and the combination or reframing of resources from different localities.This research explores the extent to which translocalization is reflected by the linguistic landscapes of three distinct commercial areas in Guangzhou,China.It goes on to discuss how translocalization works together with social rescaling to incur the movement of linguistic resources and to result in distinct linguistic landscapes of the three commercial areas.It concludes that some languages or linguistic resources,such as English,pinyin and traditional Chinese writing,are transported to local contexts for the purpose of rescaling,whereas other languages or dialects,like Cantonese,might gradually lose their function of rescaling and retain its function in indexing local identity and solidarity.This study calls for more attention to the local resources and contexts in linguistic landscape studies.It argues for the indexical function of linguistic resources in social rescaling and city planning.

Study on the formation factors of China＇s negative image under the perspective of contemporary British and American media and the countermeasures

Against globalization, national image has become important strategic resource and a clear understanding of China＇s image in western countries is greatly beneficial to China＇s development and rise. This paper through studying China＇s image in contemporary British and American academia and press probes into the negative image, analysing the background and reason of its formation to give inspiration for the construction of national image under globalization.

The Symbolism of the Skull in Vanitas： Homo Bulla Est

In Dutch vanitas imagery of Homo bulla est there is a sad child （homo） holding a scalloped shell filled with soap and water. Although the child is amused and playing with the formation of beautiful transparent water circles, his expression is mischievous and melancholic. Blooming flowers and dead trees, burning urns, and cloudy landscapes also accompany this gloomy imagery, which alludes to a warning about moral behavior. The first part of this essay deals with a brief history about the symbolism of the skull in vanitas imagery （1590-1630）. And the second part of the essay focuses on two prints by the Dutch artist and printmaker from Haarlem, Hendrick Goltzius （1558-1617）, who honored this proverb Homo bulla est in Allegory of Transience as a remembrance of the brevity of life.

Lewin Behavior Model-Based Study on Influence Factors of Individuals to Mobile Service Demand

How to fmd main influence factors of individuals to mobile service demand is investiga- ted. The empirical research is conducted in the sample of high-value customers in China mobile market. Based on Lewin behavior model, this pa- per establishes factors-matrix from personal and environmental dimensions. Relationships among multiple factors are tested in the structural equa- tion model and their impacts on customers＇ de- mands are elaborated. Findings indicate that opera- tional convenience and business brand image have significant effects on sample users＇ demands. Fur- thermore, annual income, gender, occupation, the needs of access to information and the needs of enriching and improving social relationships are al- so important factors for high-value users. The re- suits may provide further insights into mobile service demand and the model can be popularized to other behavior researches.

An Adaptive Block-Based Fractal Image Coding Scheme

Based on Jacquin's work. this paper presents an adaptive block-based fractal image coding scheme. Firstly. masking functions are used to classify range blocks and weight the mean Square error (MSE) of images. Secondly, an adaptive block partition scheme is introduced by developing the quadtree partition method. Thirdly. a piecewise uniform quantization strategy is appled to quantize the luminance shifting. Finally. experiment results are shown and compared with what reported by Jacquin and Lu to verify the validity of the methods addressed by the authors.