[Objective] This study was to explore the growth characteristics and fruit quality of a new bud mutant line, ＇Chuanzao Loquat＇. [Method] Paraffin section technique combined with field investigation method were adopt...[Objective] This study was to explore the growth characteristics and fruit quality of a new bud mutant line, ＇Chuanzao Loquat＇. [Method] Paraffin section technique combined with field investigation method were adopted to conduct com- parative analysis of shoot histomorphology and phenological phases between two Io- quat varieties, ＇Chuanzao Loquat＇ and ＇Zaozhong 6＇. [Result] ＇Chuanzao Loquat＇ branched out and unfolded leaves about half to a month earlier than ＇Zaozhong 6＇; both the flowering and fruiting phases of ＇Chuanzao Loquat＇ were three months earlier than a precocious variety, ＇Zaozhong 6＇; the proportions of epidermis, cortex parenchyma, vascular tissue and medulla were 3.7%, 14.5%, 15.9% and 65.9%, re- spectively, in spdng shoots of ＇Chuanzao Loquat＇, and 3.1%, 42.5%, 6.9% and 47.5%, respectively, in ＇Zaozhong 6＇. [Conclusion] In terms of phenological phases, ＇Chuanzao Loqua＇ is earlier than ＇Zaozhong 6＇, a currently widely planted precocious variety, and thus is an important germplasm resource of Ioquats.展开更多
[Objective] The paper was to evaluate effects of peracetic acid （PAA） combined with calcium treatments on storage quality of Ioquat fruits, so as to pro- vide practical techniques to solve the problems of postharves...[Objective] The paper was to evaluate effects of peracetic acid （PAA） combined with calcium treatments on storage quality of Ioquat fruits, so as to pro- vide practical techniques to solve the problems of postharvest rot and quality deteri- oration for Ioquat fruits. [Method] With Ioquat fruits of Qingzhong variety as materi- als, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% PAA combined with 0.8% CaCI2 was used to soak Ioquat fruits for 4 min, 0.8% CaCl2 and water treatments were set as two controls; the fruits were dried and packaged by 0.02 mm PE bags, then stored under non-chilling low temperature of （7±1） ℃. The indicators related to storage quality of Ioquat fruits were randomly tested once every 3 d, and their variation situations were analyzed. [Result] Compared with two control treatments and 0.2% PAA, 0.8% PAA combined with calcium treatments, the treatment of 0.4% PAA combined with 0.8% CaCl2 could significantly inhibit rot index, weight loss rate, firmness and cell membrane permeability of Ioquat fruits during storage period, which could also effectively delay the reduction of titratable acid, vitamin C, soluble solid content and juice yield, and maintain respiration intensity of fruits at a low level; the appearance and flavor qual- ity of fruits were good after stored for 25 d. [Conclusion] 0.4% PAA combined with 0.8% CaCl2 treatment is an efficient, safe and economical practice technology in an- ti-corrosion and quality preservation for postharvest Ioquat fruits .展开更多
ObjectiveThe study aimed to explore the factors regulating carotenoid accumulation in flesh color. MethodA loquat mutation （red-or orange-fleshed plant emerged a bud mutation of white-flesh in trunk） was used as mat...ObjectiveThe study aimed to explore the factors regulating carotenoid accumulation in flesh color. MethodA loquat mutation （red-or orange-fleshed plant emerged a bud mutation of white-flesh in trunk） was used as material; HPLC analysis of β-carotene content was conducted. ResultThe β-carotene concentration in the flesh of wild and mutant types was 60.9 and 4.6 μg/g fresh weight, respectively. According to the conserved regions of genes from rose family genome, carotenogenic gene fragments in wild and mutant types were obtained. No nucleotide variation of the carotenogenic gene fragments was observed between wild and mutant genome. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Q-PCR） was compared and one carotenogenic gene, β-ring hydroxylase （HYB） were considerably suppressed in mature mutant loquat fruits compared with that in wild. The other six carotenogenic genes were also expressed but the expression patterns appeared to be not correlated with the amount of β-carotene concentration in wild loquat flesh. ConclusionThe mutant whitish loquat lacks the ability to synthesize β-carotene because of the transcriptional down-regulation of carotenogenic gene HYB.展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the Ioquat leaf mould disease in Mengzi City of Yunnan Province and lay the foundation for determination of effective prevention and control methods.[Method] Loquat leaf moul...[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the Ioquat leaf mould disease in Mengzi City of Yunnan Province and lay the foundation for determination of effective prevention and control methods.[Method] Loquat leaf mould pathogenic fungus was isolated by tissue separation method and inoculated with conidial suspension.The pathogenicity of Ioquat leaf mould pathogen was verified by Koch＇s postulate.Under a microscope,mycelial morphology and conidial fructification were observed,spore sizes were measured,and Ioquat leaf mould pathogen was identified according to the morphological characteristics.[Result] Velvet-like,olive green fungal colonies were generated on PDA medium.Conidiophores erect,apex curved,dark brown,smooth,with obvious spore marks and no diaphragm,（33.0-152.8） μm×（2.6-4.0）μm.Cladosporium was brown or pale olive with spore marks,monocelled or with one diaphragm,（7.1-19.0） μm × （1.9-5.9） μm.Conidia concatenate （2-4）,oval or spherical,with no spore mark,light olive,monocelled,smooth,（2.1-9.4） μm × （1.2-2.6） μm.[Conclusion] Loquat leaf mold disease began to occur in the germination period of spring shoots and summer shoots and became serious in the germination period of autumn shoots.Sooty mold-like layer grew on both front and back surfaces and densely covered the whole leaves,thus seriously affecting the photosynthesis of plants.The pathogen was preliminarily identified as Cladosporium eriobotryae Pass.＆ Beltrani.展开更多
A greenhouse culture experiment was used to evaluate the effects of antimony(Sb)stress on Ficus tikoua(F.tikoua).Theresults showed that the growth of F.tikoua leaves was significantly inhibited when Sb concentration w...A greenhouse culture experiment was used to evaluate the effects of antimony(Sb)stress on Ficus tikoua(F.tikoua).Theresults showed that the growth of F.tikoua leaves was significantly inhibited when Sb concentration was higher than30μmol/L,andno significantly inhibitory effect of Sb on the roots and stems of F.tikoua was found in all the treatments,implying that leaves weremore sensitive to Sb toxicity than roots and stems.Antimony concentration in the roots was higher than that in the stems and leaves.To reduce reactive oxygen species(ROS)level in the F.tikoua,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)andcatalase(CAT)increased with Sb treatments,but the SOD and CAT were more early active than POD.Although the decrease ofchlorophyll content with high Sb treatments(450μmol/L)was observed at the end of the experiments,the positive impact onchlorophyll content was observed with all the Sb treatments at the early period.No significant difference of the maximum quantumefficiency of PSII and quantum yield of PSII electron transport values with different Sb treatments was observed at the end of thisexperiment,suggesting that the photosynthesis was not inhibited with Sb concentration below450μmol/L.The results implied acertain tolerance to Sb stress for F.tikoua.This meets the essential condition for utilization in Sb contamination environments.展开更多
In order to explore whether the endophytic Trichoderma strain P3.9 of loquat has an adverse effect on indigenous fungi in loquat rhizosphere soil, the quantitative change of aboriginal fungi is determined by dish dilu...In order to explore whether the endophytic Trichoderma strain P3.9 of loquat has an adverse effect on indigenous fungi in loquat rhizosphere soil, the quantitative change of aboriginal fungi is determined by dish dilution and plate colony-counting method with time changing in one season. The results showed that after the inoculation of endophytic Trichoderma strain P3.9, the total number of indigenous fungi in loquat rhizosphere soil had an obviously downward trend in contrast with the control which was without inoculation. For treatment groups, 5~60 d after inoculation, the number of indigenous fungi showed a cyclic upward-downward trend at a 10-d interval except for the insignificant changes from 35 to 40 d;60~90 d after inoculation, the upward-downward trend repeated at a 30-d interval. For the control group, the number of indigenous fungi first presented a downward-upward trend every 15 d during the period of 5~50 d, and then an upward-downward trend from the period of 50~70 d and the 75~85 d, and lastly continuous growth from 85 to 90 d;particularly, it did not vary greatly from 70 to 75 d. In general, the quantity of indigenous fungi is unstable in the control group which fluctuates more significantly than in the treatment group. The number of indigenous fungi in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group. The Trichoderma strain P3.9 can inhibit indigenous fungi in loquat rhizosphere soil effectively.展开更多
The taxonomic status of Daduhe loquat （E. prinoides var. dadunensis） was studied through analyzing genetic relationships among Oakleaf loquat （E. prinoides）, Daduhe loquat and Common loquat （E. japonica） using i...The taxonomic status of Daduhe loquat （E. prinoides var. dadunensis） was studied through analyzing genetic relationships among Oakleaf loquat （E. prinoides）, Daduhe loquat and Common loquat （E. japonica） using inter simple sequence repeats （ISSR） molecular marker and morphologic marker in this paper. Based on ISSR marker research, the similarity coefficient between Oakleaf loquat and Common loquat was lower than the similarity coefficient between Oakleaf loquat and Daduhe loquat while the similarity coefficient between Daduhe loquat and Common loquat was intermediate. The highest additivity was obtained when Daduhe loquat was regarded as the undetermined hybrid （45.8%）. The specific bands of Oakleaf loquat and Common loquat were present in Daduhe loquat. Based on morphologic traits research, Daduhe loquat was also between Oakleaf loquat and Common loquat but a little leaning to Oakleaf loquat. All the results support that Daduhe loquat was hybrid of Oakleaf loquat and Common loquat.展开更多
The genetic relationships among oakleaf loquat （Eriobotrya prinoides）, Daduhe loquat （Eriobotrya prinoides var. dadunensis） and common loquat （Eriobotrya japonica） were studied by RAPD and ISSR markers. The resu...The genetic relationships among oakleaf loquat （Eriobotrya prinoides）, Daduhe loquat （Eriobotrya prinoides var. dadunensis） and common loquat （Eriobotrya japonica） were studied by RAPD and ISSR markers. The results showed that the similarity coefficient between oakleaf loquat and common loquat was minimal （0.6996 and 0.7219, respectively） and the similarity coefficient between oakleaf loquat and Daduhe loquat was maximal （0.8403 and 0.8211, respectively）, while the similarity coefficient between Daduhe loquat and common loquat was always intermediate （0.7195 and 0.7219, respectively）. The highest additivity was obtained when Daduhe loquat was regarded as the undetermined hybrid （44.9% and 45.8%, respectively）. The specific bands of oakleaf loquat and common loquat were present in Daduhe loquat. Thus, it could be concluded that Daduhe loquat was a hybrid of oakleaf loquat and common loquat.展开更多
The genetic diversity of 79 accessions regenerated from ＂miniature seeds＂ of loquat （Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. cv. ＇Dawuxing＇） was analyzed based on 13 morphological characteristics of leaves in this study, in ...The genetic diversity of 79 accessions regenerated from ＂miniature seeds＂ of loquat （Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. cv. ＇Dawuxing＇） was analyzed based on 13 morphological characteristics of leaves in this study, in order to provide important morphological basis for breeding new varieties and materials through ＂miniature seed＂ breeding method in loquat. The results showed that there was abundant genetic diversity in leaf morphological characteristics of regenerated plants （D=0.785）, especially indicated by diversity indexes of leaf length （D=0.991）, leaf width （D=0.994）, petiole length （D=0.982）, petiole thickness （D=0.995） and leaf thickness （D=0.987）. And all the characteristic values varied broadly with coefficients of variation ranging from 9.84% to 40.09%; 79 accessions were divided into 6 groups by UPGMA method, there were significant differences in leaf morphological traits among the 6 groups; Group I and group VI were quite different from other groups and parent plants （cv. ＂Dawuxing＂）. The leaves of group I were darkgreen, large, hard and thick with long and thick petioles; while those of group VI were yellowgreen, small, thin and soft with slender petioles. These two groups were important excellent germplasm. Based on the abundant genetic diversity in leaf morphological characteristics, the breeding via ＂miniature seeds＂ was considered as an efficient method for broadening the germplasm resources and breeding new varieties of loquat.展开更多
文摘[Objective] This study was to explore the growth characteristics and fruit quality of a new bud mutant line, ＇Chuanzao Loquat＇. [Method] Paraffin section technique combined with field investigation method were adopted to conduct com- parative analysis of shoot histomorphology and phenological phases between two Io- quat varieties, ＇Chuanzao Loquat＇ and ＇Zaozhong 6＇. [Result] ＇Chuanzao Loquat＇ branched out and unfolded leaves about half to a month earlier than ＇Zaozhong 6＇; both the flowering and fruiting phases of ＇Chuanzao Loquat＇ were three months earlier than a precocious variety, ＇Zaozhong 6＇; the proportions of epidermis, cortex parenchyma, vascular tissue and medulla were 3.7%, 14.5%, 15.9% and 65.9%, re- spectively, in spdng shoots of ＇Chuanzao Loquat＇, and 3.1%, 42.5%, 6.9% and 47.5%, respectively, in ＇Zaozhong 6＇. [Conclusion] In terms of phenological phases, ＇Chuanzao Loqua＇ is earlier than ＇Zaozhong 6＇, a currently widely planted precocious variety, and thus is an important germplasm resource of Ioquats.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest "Tec-hnology Research and Experimental Demonstration of Loquat Industry"(201003073)~~
文摘[Objective] The paper was to evaluate effects of peracetic acid （PAA） combined with calcium treatments on storage quality of Ioquat fruits, so as to pro- vide practical techniques to solve the problems of postharvest rot and quality deteri- oration for Ioquat fruits. [Method] With Ioquat fruits of Qingzhong variety as materi- als, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8% PAA combined with 0.8% CaCI2 was used to soak Ioquat fruits for 4 min, 0.8% CaCl2 and water treatments were set as two controls; the fruits were dried and packaged by 0.02 mm PE bags, then stored under non-chilling low temperature of （7±1） ℃. The indicators related to storage quality of Ioquat fruits were randomly tested once every 3 d, and their variation situations were analyzed. [Result] Compared with two control treatments and 0.2% PAA, 0.8% PAA combined with calcium treatments, the treatment of 0.4% PAA combined with 0.8% CaCl2 could significantly inhibit rot index, weight loss rate, firmness and cell membrane permeability of Ioquat fruits during storage period, which could also effectively delay the reduction of titratable acid, vitamin C, soluble solid content and juice yield, and maintain respiration intensity of fruits at a low level; the appearance and flavor qual- ity of fruits were good after stored for 25 d. [Conclusion] 0.4% PAA combined with 0.8% CaCl2 treatment is an efficient, safe and economical practice technology in an- ti-corrosion and quality preservation for postharvest Ioquat fruits .
基金Supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China(201003073)Key Laboratory Program of Agriculture Ministry of China(2013JCYJ-004)+1 种基金Applied Basic Research Program of Chengdu City Science and Technology Bureau(11DXYB039NC)Youth Foundation of Sichuan Province(2011QNJJ-010)~~
文摘ObjectiveThe study aimed to explore the factors regulating carotenoid accumulation in flesh color. MethodA loquat mutation （red-or orange-fleshed plant emerged a bud mutation of white-flesh in trunk） was used as material; HPLC analysis of β-carotene content was conducted. ResultThe β-carotene concentration in the flesh of wild and mutant types was 60.9 and 4.6 μg/g fresh weight, respectively. According to the conserved regions of genes from rose family genome, carotenogenic gene fragments in wild and mutant types were obtained. No nucleotide variation of the carotenogenic gene fragments was observed between wild and mutant genome. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Q-PCR） was compared and one carotenogenic gene, β-ring hydroxylase （HYB） were considerably suppressed in mature mutant loquat fruits compared with that in wild. The other six carotenogenic genes were also expressed but the expression patterns appeared to be not correlated with the amount of β-carotene concentration in wild loquat flesh. ConclusionThe mutant whitish loquat lacks the ability to synthesize β-carotene because of the transcriptional down-regulation of carotenogenic gene HYB.
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the Ioquat leaf mould disease in Mengzi City of Yunnan Province and lay the foundation for determination of effective prevention and control methods.[Method] Loquat leaf mould pathogenic fungus was isolated by tissue separation method and inoculated with conidial suspension.The pathogenicity of Ioquat leaf mould pathogen was verified by Koch＇s postulate.Under a microscope,mycelial morphology and conidial fructification were observed,spore sizes were measured,and Ioquat leaf mould pathogen was identified according to the morphological characteristics.[Result] Velvet-like,olive green fungal colonies were generated on PDA medium.Conidiophores erect,apex curved,dark brown,smooth,with obvious spore marks and no diaphragm,（33.0-152.8） μm×（2.6-4.0）μm.Cladosporium was brown or pale olive with spore marks,monocelled or with one diaphragm,（7.1-19.0） μm × （1.9-5.9） μm.Conidia concatenate （2-4）,oval or spherical,with no spore mark,light olive,monocelled,smooth,（2.1-9.4） μm × （1.2-2.6） μm.[Conclusion] Loquat leaf mold disease began to occur in the germination period of spring shoots and summer shoots and became serious in the germination period of autumn shoots.Sooty mold-like layer grew on both front and back surfaces and densely covered the whole leaves,thus seriously affecting the photosynthesis of plants.The pathogen was preliminarily identified as Cladosporium eriobotryae Pass.＆ Beltrani.
基金Project(2012GS430203-1)supported by Science and Technology Program for Public Wellbeing,China
文摘A greenhouse culture experiment was used to evaluate the effects of antimony(Sb)stress on Ficus tikoua(F.tikoua).Theresults showed that the growth of F.tikoua leaves was significantly inhibited when Sb concentration was higher than30μmol/L,andno significantly inhibitory effect of Sb on the roots and stems of F.tikoua was found in all the treatments,implying that leaves weremore sensitive to Sb toxicity than roots and stems.Antimony concentration in the roots was higher than that in the stems and leaves.To reduce reactive oxygen species(ROS)level in the F.tikoua,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)andcatalase(CAT)increased with Sb treatments,but the SOD and CAT were more early active than POD.Although the decrease ofchlorophyll content with high Sb treatments(450μmol/L)was observed at the end of the experiments,the positive impact onchlorophyll content was observed with all the Sb treatments at the early period.No significant difference of the maximum quantumefficiency of PSII and quantum yield of PSII electron transport values with different Sb treatments was observed at the end of thisexperiment,suggesting that the photosynthesis was not inhibited with Sb concentration below450μmol/L.The results implied acertain tolerance to Sb stress for F.tikoua.This meets the essential condition for utilization in Sb contamination environments.
文摘In order to explore whether the endophytic Trichoderma strain P3.9 of loquat has an adverse effect on indigenous fungi in loquat rhizosphere soil, the quantitative change of aboriginal fungi is determined by dish dilution and plate colony-counting method with time changing in one season. The results showed that after the inoculation of endophytic Trichoderma strain P3.9, the total number of indigenous fungi in loquat rhizosphere soil had an obviously downward trend in contrast with the control which was without inoculation. For treatment groups, 5~60 d after inoculation, the number of indigenous fungi showed a cyclic upward-downward trend at a 10-d interval except for the insignificant changes from 35 to 40 d;60~90 d after inoculation, the upward-downward trend repeated at a 30-d interval. For the control group, the number of indigenous fungi first presented a downward-upward trend every 15 d during the period of 5~50 d, and then an upward-downward trend from the period of 50~70 d and the 75~85 d, and lastly continuous growth from 85 to 90 d;particularly, it did not vary greatly from 70 to 75 d. In general, the quantity of indigenous fungi is unstable in the control group which fluctuates more significantly than in the treatment group. The number of indigenous fungi in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group. The Trichoderma strain P3.9 can inhibit indigenous fungi in loquat rhizosphere soil effectively.
文摘The taxonomic status of Daduhe loquat （E. prinoides var. dadunensis） was studied through analyzing genetic relationships among Oakleaf loquat （E. prinoides）, Daduhe loquat and Common loquat （E. japonica） using inter simple sequence repeats （ISSR） molecular marker and morphologic marker in this paper. Based on ISSR marker research, the similarity coefficient between Oakleaf loquat and Common loquat was lower than the similarity coefficient between Oakleaf loquat and Daduhe loquat while the similarity coefficient between Daduhe loquat and Common loquat was intermediate. The highest additivity was obtained when Daduhe loquat was regarded as the undetermined hybrid （45.8%）. The specific bands of Oakleaf loquat and Common loquat were present in Daduhe loquat. Based on morphologic traits research, Daduhe loquat was also between Oakleaf loquat and Common loquat but a little leaning to Oakleaf loquat. All the results support that Daduhe loquat was hybrid of Oakleaf loquat and Common loquat.
文摘The genetic relationships among oakleaf loquat （Eriobotrya prinoides）, Daduhe loquat （Eriobotrya prinoides var. dadunensis） and common loquat （Eriobotrya japonica） were studied by RAPD and ISSR markers. The results showed that the similarity coefficient between oakleaf loquat and common loquat was minimal （0.6996 and 0.7219, respectively） and the similarity coefficient between oakleaf loquat and Daduhe loquat was maximal （0.8403 and 0.8211, respectively）, while the similarity coefficient between Daduhe loquat and common loquat was always intermediate （0.7195 and 0.7219, respectively）. The highest additivity was obtained when Daduhe loquat was regarded as the undetermined hybrid （44.9% and 45.8%, respectively）. The specific bands of oakleaf loquat and common loquat were present in Daduhe loquat. Thus, it could be concluded that Daduhe loquat was a hybrid of oakleaf loquat and common loquat.
文摘The genetic diversity of 79 accessions regenerated from ＂miniature seeds＂ of loquat （Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. cv. ＇Dawuxing＇） was analyzed based on 13 morphological characteristics of leaves in this study, in order to provide important morphological basis for breeding new varieties and materials through ＂miniature seed＂ breeding method in loquat. The results showed that there was abundant genetic diversity in leaf morphological characteristics of regenerated plants （D=0.785）, especially indicated by diversity indexes of leaf length （D=0.991）, leaf width （D=0.994）, petiole length （D=0.982）, petiole thickness （D=0.995） and leaf thickness （D=0.987）. And all the characteristic values varied broadly with coefficients of variation ranging from 9.84% to 40.09%; 79 accessions were divided into 6 groups by UPGMA method, there were significant differences in leaf morphological traits among the 6 groups; Group I and group VI were quite different from other groups and parent plants （cv. ＂Dawuxing＂）. The leaves of group I were darkgreen, large, hard and thick with long and thick petioles; while those of group VI were yellowgreen, small, thin and soft with slender petioles. These two groups were important excellent germplasm. Based on the abundant genetic diversity in leaf morphological characteristics, the breeding via ＂miniature seeds＂ was considered as an efficient method for broadening the germplasm resources and breeding new varieties of loquat.
