目的运用分子对接技术预测加味补中益气汤治疗哮喘的作用机制。方法依托中药系统药理学数据库平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP),筛选出加味补中益气汤的主要化学成分和...目的运用分子对接技术预测加味补中益气汤治疗哮喘的作用机制。方法依托中药系统药理学数据库平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP),筛选出加味补中益气汤的主要化学成分和相应靶点,利用Cytoscape软件构建“药物-疾病-靶点”的网络关系,将药物主要成分及疾病的交集靶点导入STRING平台构建蛋白相互作用(Protein-protein interaction networks,PPI)网络,并利用AutoDock软件将加味补中益气汤的主要成分与哮喘的关键靶点进行分子对接。结果共筛选出加味补中益气汤有效成分338种,支气管哮喘相关靶点1744个,其中交集靶点120个。PPI网络分析加味补中益气汤主要作用于蛋白激酶Cα(Protein kinase C alpha,PRKCA)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶14(Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14,MAPK14)、V-Rel网状内皮增生病毒癌基因同源物A(V-Rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A,RELA)、V-Jun肉瘤病毒17癌基因同源物(V-Jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog,JUN)和B细胞中κ轻型多肽基因增强子的核因子15(Nuclear factor-k-gene binding15,NFKB15)个核心靶点。分子对接结果表明筛选得到的主要活性成分与靶点有较强的结合。结论加味补中益气汤治疗支气管哮喘或许具有积极作用,其作用机制可能与调节PRKCA、MAPK14、RELA、JUN和NFKB1等信号通路有关。展开更多
Chemical communication plays an important role in survival and reproductive success in mammalian species. In the present study, we examined the ontogenetic pattern of behavioral responses of male giant pandas （Ailuro...Chemical communication plays an important role in survival and reproductive success in mammalian species. In the present study, we examined the ontogenetic pattern of behavioral responses of male giant pandas （Ailuropoda melanoleuca ） to urine odors of conspecific individuals. Our data showed that exposure to the urine of adult females induced a significant increase in sniffing and environmental sniffing/licking behaviors, but a decrease in biting behavior, in males. Males of different ages displayed specific behaviors to female urine odors. Adult males spent more time licking than juvenile and sub-adult males. Further, sub-adult and adult males displayed high levels of environmental sniffing/licking, which was absent in the juvenile males. Juvenile males displayed scent rubbing behavior significantly more frequently than sub-adult and adult males, and also spent more time showing biting behavior than sub-adult males. Finally, juvenile and sub-aduh males showed no difference in response to female and male urine odors. Together, these data suggest that chemosensory cues from conspecific urines induce age-specific responses in male giant pandas.展开更多
目的观察枳术汤合补中益气汤加味联合三阶梯止痛疗法对中晚期恶性肿瘤患者癌性疼痛程度及生存质量的影响。方法选取2018年6月—2020年12月该院收治的45例恶性肿瘤患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组23例,对照组22例,对照组使用三阶梯止痛...目的观察枳术汤合补中益气汤加味联合三阶梯止痛疗法对中晚期恶性肿瘤患者癌性疼痛程度及生存质量的影响。方法选取2018年6月—2020年12月该院收治的45例恶性肿瘤患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组23例,对照组22例,对照组使用三阶梯止痛疗法,观察组在对照组基础上增加枳术汤合补中益气汤加味,中药每天服用1剂,连续服用1周;之后隔天服用1剂,连续服用1周,总疗程2周。比较两组患者治疗前与治疗后2周的癌性疼痛程度、生存质量和疼痛相关血清因子水平,比较两组患者在治疗过程中发生的不良反应。结果观察组癌性疼痛的治疗有效率高于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者的视觉模拟评分法(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)评分的组间和时间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),无交互效应(P>0.05),治疗后观察组的癌症患者生活质量量表(Quality of Life Questionnare-Core 30,QLQ-C30)评分均高于对照组(P<0.05),观察组患者治疗后血清C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)与前列腺素E2(prostaglandin E2,PGE2)水平均低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组的不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论枳术汤合补中益气汤加味联合三阶梯止痛疗法可有效缓解中晚期恶性肿瘤患者的癌性疼痛程度,提高患者的生存质量。展开更多
Unfavorable fishy odour is an inevitable problem in aquatic products. In the present study, headspace solid-phase mi- croextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry （HS-SPME-GC-MS） analysis of volatiles from unt...Unfavorable fishy odour is an inevitable problem in aquatic products. In the present study, headspace solid-phase mi- croextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry （HS-SPME-GC-MS） analysis of volatiles from untreated samples and three deodorized samples （under the optimal conditions） ofPaphia undulata enzymatic hydrolysate revealed that the compounds contrib- uting to the distinctive odor were 1-octen-3-ol, n-hexanal, n-heptanal, 2,4-heptadienal, and 2,4-decadienal, whereas n-pentanal, n-octanal, n-octanol, benzaldehyde, 2-ethylfuran and 2-pentylfuran were the main contributors to the aromatic flavor. The deodoriz- ing effects of activated carbon （AC） adsorption, yeast extract （YE） masking and tea polyphenol （TP） treatment on a P. undulata en- zymatic hydrolysate were investigated using orthogonal experiments with sensory evaluation as the index. The following optimized deodorization conditions were obtained： AC adsorption （35 mg mL-1, 80℃, 40 rain）, YE masking （7 mgmL l, 45 ℃, 30 min） and TP treatment （0.4mgmL-l, 40℃, 50min）. AC adsorption effectively removed off-flavor volatile aldehydes and ketones. YE masking modified the odor profile by increasing the relative contents of aromatic compounds and decreasing the relative contents of aldehydes and ketones. The TP treatment was not effective in reducing the odor score, but it significantly reduced the relative content of alde- hydes while increasing that of alkanes. It is also notable that TP effectively suppressed trimethylamine （TMA） formation in a P. un- dulate hydrolysate solution for a period of 72 h.展开更多
Adult horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus have long served as models for the study of vision in marine arthropods. Yet, little is known about the ability of early life history stages to detect and respond to visual cue...Adult horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus have long served as models for the study of vision in marine arthropods. Yet, little is known about the ability of early life history stages to detect and respond to visual cues. We examined the visually directed movements of larvae and first stage juveniles to horizons containing dark visual targets of different sizes. The study tested the hypotheses that （1） larval and juvenile crabs can detect and respond to visual targets and （2） the direction of orientation varies with the presence of chemical cues associated with settlement habitats. Orientation of larval and juvenile crabs to rectangles subtending angles from 30--330~ was tested in a circular arena containing water that either lacked estuarine chemical cues （offshore water） or contained odors from aquatic vegetation or known predators. In the absence of chemical odors, larvae oriented toward and juveniles moved away from dark horizons subtending angles 〉 60~. When placed in water containing chemical odors from potential nursery habitats, including the seagrasses Halodule wrightii and Syringodium filiforme, crabs reversed their direction of orientation relative to their responses in offshore water. Odors from two known predators, the mummichug Fundulus grandis and blue crab Callinectes sapidus, had no affect on the orientation of larvae. Yet, juveniles responded to both odors by moving toward the visual target. Results support the hypothesis that the visual orientation of larval and juvenile horseshoe crabs changes upon exposure to habitat and predator cues and that the direction of the response undergoes an ontogenetic shift following metamorphosis展开更多
We studied the influences of immune activation by thymus-dependent(sheep red blood cells,SRBC)and independent(bacterial lipopolysaccharide,LPS)antigens on odor signals and endocrine status in dwarf hamsters.Administra...We studied the influences of immune activation by thymus-dependent(sheep red blood cells,SRBC)and independent(bacterial lipopolysaccharide,LPS)antigens on odor signals and endocrine status in dwarf hamsters.Administration of SRBS to mature males resulted in a drop of sexual scent attractiveness of soiled bedding collected during 5 days after injection.This effect was accompanied with a decline of fecal testosterone.Reduction of the male scent attractiveness after SRBC treatment had maximum manifestation in males of dwarf hamsters with low humoral immune response to this challenge.Contrary to the effects of SRBC,males injected with LPS showed an increase of scent attractiveness.Differences in the time that mature females spent sniffing olfactory stimuli(LPS vs control),correlated positively with differences in concentration of testosterone in feces collected from LPS and saline treated males.We discuss the adaptive meaning of the opposite olfactory effects,which induced by activation of the nonspecific innate immunity with LPS and by activation of specific acquired immunity with SRBC.展开更多
文摘目的运用分子对接技术预测加味补中益气汤治疗哮喘的作用机制。方法依托中药系统药理学数据库平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP),筛选出加味补中益气汤的主要化学成分和相应靶点,利用Cytoscape软件构建“药物-疾病-靶点”的网络关系,将药物主要成分及疾病的交集靶点导入STRING平台构建蛋白相互作用(Protein-protein interaction networks,PPI)网络,并利用AutoDock软件将加味补中益气汤的主要成分与哮喘的关键靶点进行分子对接。结果共筛选出加味补中益气汤有效成分338种,支气管哮喘相关靶点1744个,其中交集靶点120个。PPI网络分析加味补中益气汤主要作用于蛋白激酶Cα(Protein kinase C alpha,PRKCA)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶14(Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14,MAPK14)、V-Rel网状内皮增生病毒癌基因同源物A(V-Rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A,RELA)、V-Jun肉瘤病毒17癌基因同源物(V-Jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog,JUN)和B细胞中κ轻型多肽基因增强子的核因子15(Nuclear factor-k-gene binding15,NFKB15)个核心靶点。分子对接结果表明筛选得到的主要活性成分与靶点有较强的结合。结论加味补中益气汤治疗支气管哮喘或许具有积极作用,其作用机制可能与调节PRKCA、MAPK14、RELA、JUN和NFKB1等信号通路有关。
文摘Chemical communication plays an important role in survival and reproductive success in mammalian species. In the present study, we examined the ontogenetic pattern of behavioral responses of male giant pandas （Ailuropoda melanoleuca ） to urine odors of conspecific individuals. Our data showed that exposure to the urine of adult females induced a significant increase in sniffing and environmental sniffing/licking behaviors, but a decrease in biting behavior, in males. Males of different ages displayed specific behaviors to female urine odors. Adult males spent more time licking than juvenile and sub-adult males. Further, sub-adult and adult males displayed high levels of environmental sniffing/licking, which was absent in the juvenile males. Juvenile males displayed scent rubbing behavior significantly more frequently than sub-adult and adult males, and also spent more time showing biting behavior than sub-adult males. Finally, juvenile and sub-aduh males showed no difference in response to female and male urine odors. Together, these data suggest that chemosensory cues from conspecific urines induce age-specific responses in male giant pandas.
文摘目的观察枳术汤合补中益气汤加味联合三阶梯止痛疗法对中晚期恶性肿瘤患者癌性疼痛程度及生存质量的影响。方法选取2018年6月—2020年12月该院收治的45例恶性肿瘤患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组23例,对照组22例,对照组使用三阶梯止痛疗法,观察组在对照组基础上增加枳术汤合补中益气汤加味,中药每天服用1剂,连续服用1周;之后隔天服用1剂,连续服用1周,总疗程2周。比较两组患者治疗前与治疗后2周的癌性疼痛程度、生存质量和疼痛相关血清因子水平,比较两组患者在治疗过程中发生的不良反应。结果观察组癌性疼痛的治疗有效率高于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者的视觉模拟评分法(Visual Analogue Scale,VAS)评分的组间和时间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),无交互效应(P>0.05),治疗后观察组的癌症患者生活质量量表(Quality of Life Questionnare-Core 30,QLQ-C30)评分均高于对照组(P<0.05),观察组患者治疗后血清C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)与前列腺素E2(prostaglandin E2,PGE2)水平均低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组的不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论枳术汤合补中益气汤加味联合三阶梯止痛疗法可有效缓解中晚期恶性肿瘤患者的癌性疼痛程度,提高患者的生存质量。
基金supported by the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean (No.201305018)the National Key Technology Research and Development Program for the 12th Five-Year Plan (No.2012BAD33B10)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong, China (Nos. 2014A 030310351 and 2014A030310338)the Innovative Development of Marine Economy Regional Demonstration Projects of Guangdong (Nos.SZHY2012-B01-004 and GD2013-B03-001)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China (Nos.2013B 090800002 and 2015B090904003)the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (No.31101271)
文摘Unfavorable fishy odour is an inevitable problem in aquatic products. In the present study, headspace solid-phase mi- croextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry （HS-SPME-GC-MS） analysis of volatiles from untreated samples and three deodorized samples （under the optimal conditions） ofPaphia undulata enzymatic hydrolysate revealed that the compounds contrib- uting to the distinctive odor were 1-octen-3-ol, n-hexanal, n-heptanal, 2,4-heptadienal, and 2,4-decadienal, whereas n-pentanal, n-octanal, n-octanol, benzaldehyde, 2-ethylfuran and 2-pentylfuran were the main contributors to the aromatic flavor. The deodoriz- ing effects of activated carbon （AC） adsorption, yeast extract （YE） masking and tea polyphenol （TP） treatment on a P. undulata en- zymatic hydrolysate were investigated using orthogonal experiments with sensory evaluation as the index. The following optimized deodorization conditions were obtained： AC adsorption （35 mg mL-1, 80℃, 40 rain）, YE masking （7 mgmL l, 45 ℃, 30 min） and TP treatment （0.4mgmL-l, 40℃, 50min）. AC adsorption effectively removed off-flavor volatile aldehydes and ketones. YE masking modified the odor profile by increasing the relative contents of aromatic compounds and decreasing the relative contents of aldehydes and ketones. The TP treatment was not effective in reducing the odor score, but it significantly reduced the relative content of alde- hydes while increasing that of alkanes. It is also notable that TP effectively suppressed trimethylamine （TMA） formation in a P. un- dulate hydrolysate solution for a period of 72 h.
基金supported by a grant from the National Park Service (PS180060016)supported by a Graduate Teaching Fellowship (GK-12) from the National Science Foundation (Florida Tech INSTEP Program) under grant Nos.DGE 0440529 and 0638702
文摘Adult horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus have long served as models for the study of vision in marine arthropods. Yet, little is known about the ability of early life history stages to detect and respond to visual cues. We examined the visually directed movements of larvae and first stage juveniles to horizons containing dark visual targets of different sizes. The study tested the hypotheses that （1） larval and juvenile crabs can detect and respond to visual targets and （2） the direction of orientation varies with the presence of chemical cues associated with settlement habitats. Orientation of larval and juvenile crabs to rectangles subtending angles from 30--330~ was tested in a circular arena containing water that either lacked estuarine chemical cues （offshore water） or contained odors from aquatic vegetation or known predators. In the absence of chemical odors, larvae oriented toward and juveniles moved away from dark horizons subtending angles 〉 60~. When placed in water containing chemical odors from potential nursery habitats, including the seagrasses Halodule wrightii and Syringodium filiforme, crabs reversed their direction of orientation relative to their responses in offshore water. Odors from two known predators, the mummichug Fundulus grandis and blue crab Callinectes sapidus, had no affect on the orientation of larvae. Yet, juveniles responded to both odors by moving toward the visual target. Results support the hypothesis that the visual orientation of larval and juvenile horseshoe crabs changes upon exposure to habitat and predator cues and that the direction of the response undergoes an ontogenetic shift following metamorphosis
文摘We studied the influences of immune activation by thymus-dependent(sheep red blood cells,SRBC)and independent(bacterial lipopolysaccharide,LPS)antigens on odor signals and endocrine status in dwarf hamsters.Administration of SRBS to mature males resulted in a drop of sexual scent attractiveness of soiled bedding collected during 5 days after injection.This effect was accompanied with a decline of fecal testosterone.Reduction of the male scent attractiveness after SRBC treatment had maximum manifestation in males of dwarf hamsters with low humoral immune response to this challenge.Contrary to the effects of SRBC,males injected with LPS showed an increase of scent attractiveness.Differences in the time that mature females spent sniffing olfactory stimuli(LPS vs control),correlated positively with differences in concentration of testosterone in feces collected from LPS and saline treated males.We discuss the adaptive meaning of the opposite olfactory effects,which induced by activation of the nonspecific innate immunity with LPS and by activation of specific acquired immunity with SRBC.
